Phytotherapy Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
ABSTRACT
Lung
cancer
remains
one
of
the
most
widespread
and
deadliest
malignant
tumors
globally,
with
a
particularly
high
mortality
rate
among
all
cancers.
Recently,
immunotherapy,
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs),
has
emerged
as
crucial
treatment
strategy
for
lung
patients,
following
surgical
intervention,
radiotherapy,
chemotherapy,
targeted
drug
therapies.
However,
therapeutic
limitations
are
caused
owing
to
their
low
response
undesirable
side
effects
such
immune‐related
pneumonitis.
Therefore,
developing
new
strategies
improve
efficacy
ICIs
while
minimizing
adverse
events
will
be
immunotherapy.
The
tumor
microenvironment
plays
significant
role
in
success
immunosuppressive
characteristics
major
obstacles
poor
immunotherapeutic
effect.
Phytochemicals,
naturally
occurring
compounds
plants,
have
shown
promise
enhancing
immunotherapy
by
remodeling
microenvironment,
offering
potential
increase
ICIs.
this
review
summarizes
associated
mechanisms
phytochemicals
cancer.
Additionally,
focus
on
synergistic
combining
ICIs,
aiming
anticancer
reduce
effects,
which
may
hopefully
offer
novel
overcome
current
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
Abstract
Although
cancer
chemopreventive
agents
have
been
confirmed
to
effectively
protect
high-risk
populations
from
invasion
or
recurrence,
only
over
ten
drugs
approved
by
the
U.S.
Food
and
Drug
Administration.
Therefore,
screening
potent
is
crucial
reduce
constantly
increasing
incidence
mortality
rate
of
cancer.
Considering
lengthy
prevention
process,
an
ideal
agent
should
be
nontoxic,
inexpensive,
oral.
Natural
compounds
become
a
natural
treasure
reservoir
for
chemoprevention
because
their
superior
ease
availability,
cost-effectiveness,
safety.
The
benefits
as
in
various
studies.
In
light
this,
present
review
intended
fully
delineate
entire
scope
chemoprevention,
primarily
focuses
on
aspects
based
compounds,
specifically
focusing
mechanism
action
prevention,
discussing
detail
how
they
exert
effects
affecting
classical
signaling
pathways,
immune
checkpoints,
gut
microbiome.
We
also
introduce
novel
strategies
summarize
role
improving
chemotherapy
regimens.
Furthermore,
we
describe
discovering
anticancer
with
low
abundance
high
activity,
revealing
broad
prospects
drug
discovery
chemoprevention.
Moreover,
associate
precision
medicine,
discuss
challenges
encountered
Finally,
emphasize
transformative
potential
advancing
field
ability
more
effective
less
toxic
preventive
options
oncology.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(7), С. 3768 - 3768
Опубликована: Март 28, 2024
The
gut
microbiota
plays
a
significant
role
in
tumor
pathogenesis
by
regulating
the
host
metabolism
and
immune
response,
there
are
few
studies
focused
on
tracking
changes
from
onset
of
lung
cancer.
Therefore,
aim
our
study
is
combining
preclinical
clinical
research
to
thoroughly
analyze
signatures
fecal
cancer,
which
will
be
useful
for
early
diagnosis
predicting
therapeutic
efficacy
first
part
this
analyzed
metagenomic
differences
between
patients
with
non-small
cell
cancer
healthy
subjects,
second
work
constructed
murine
model
monitor
mouse
metagenomics
T
immunology
during
progression.
We
found
that
was
altered
both
humans
mice
characterized
significantly
reduced
microbial
diversity
number
beneficial
microbes,
increases
potential
pathogens.
level
Akkermansia
muciniphila
metabolic
module
secondary
bile
acid
were
diminished
compared
subjects.
Splenomegaly
observed
mice.
Flow
cytometer
analysis
splenocytes
revealed
substantial
alterations
proportions
subsets
mice,
CD4+Foxp3+CD25+
regulatory
cells
(p
<
0.05)
while
decreases
CD3+
0.001),
CD4+
CD4+/CD8+
ratio
0.01).
Vertical
longitudinal
analyses
two
groups
identified
some
biomarkers
(including
Acutalibacter
timonensis,
Lachnospiraceae
bacterium
NSJ-38
sp014337195,
etc.).
had
neurotransmitters
(melatonin,
γ-aminobutyric
acid,
histamine)
In
summary,
diversity,
structure,
composition
vary
conditions,
ultimately
leading
functional
metagenomics.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
Abstract
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
role
of
autophagy,
ferroptosis,
and
pyroptosis
in
antitumour
mechanism
harmine
(Har)
its
crosstalk
ovarian
cancer.
By
transmission
electron
microscopy,
we
found
that
compared
with
those
control
group,
cytoplasm
human
cancer
cells
(SKOV3)
treated
Har
showed
increased
numbers
autophagic
vesicles,
decreased
intracellular
mitochondrial
volume,
bilayer
membrane
density,
cristae.
Western
blot,
immunofluorescence,
monodasylcadaverine
(MDC)
staining
all
suggested
promoted
autophagy
SKOV3
cells.
LY294002
siFOXO3
rescued
inhibition
PI3K/AKT/mTOR/FOXO3
signalling
pathway
promotion
by
Har.
Additionally,
levels
ferroptosis-
pyroptosis-related
proteins
Fe
2+
,
glutathione
(GSH),
malondialdehyde
(MDA),
superoxide
dismutase
(SOD)
ferroptosis
Interestingly,
pretreatment
chloroquine
(CQ),
erastin,
rapamycin
(Rap),
or
ferrostatin-1
(Fer-1)
reversed
Har,
respectively.
In
vivo,
volume
tumours
group
was
decreased,
immunohistochemistry
revealed
Ki-67
GPX4
ATG5
NARL3.
conclusion,
exerts
anti-ovarian
effect
not
only
promoting
regulating
but
also
pyroptosis.
there
is
complex
between
Frontiers in Oncology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023
The
Programmed
death-1
(PD-1)
and
its
programmed
death-ligand
1
(PD-L1)
comprise
the
PD-1/PD-L1
axis
maintain
tumor
immune
evasion.
Cancer
immunotherapy
based
on
anti-PD-1/PD-L1
antibodies
is
most
promising
anti-tumor
treatment
available
but
currently
facing
thorny
problem
of
unsatisfactory
outcomes.
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine
(TCM),
with
rich
heritage
medicine
monomers,
herbal
formulas,
physical
therapies
like
acupuncture,
moxibustion,
catgut
implantation,
a
multi-component
multi-target
system
known
for
enhancing
immunity
preventing
spread
disease.
TCM
often
used
as
an
adjuvant
therapy
cancer
in
clinical
practices,
recent
studies
have
demonstrated
synergistic
effects
combining
immunotherapy.
In
this
review,
we
examined
role
escape
while
exploring
how
can
modulate
to
improve
efficacy
Our
findings
suggest
that
enhance
by
reducing
expression
PD-1
PD-L1,
regulating
T-cell
function,
improving
microenvironment,
intestinal
flora.
We
hope
review
may
serve
valuable
resource
future
sensitization
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
therapy.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022
Immunotherapies,
such
as
immune
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
and
chimeric
antigen
receptor
(CAR)
T
cells,
have
revolutionized
the
treatment
of
patients
with
advanced
metastatic
tumors
resistant
to
traditional
therapies.
However,
immunosuppressed
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
results
in
a
weak
response
immunotherapy.
Therefore,
realize
full
potential
immunotherapy
obstacle
barriers,
it
is
essential
explore
how
convert
cold
TME
hot
TME.
Autophagy
crucial
cellular
process
that
preserves
stability
components
TME,
contributing
characterization
immunosuppressive
Targeted
autophagy
ignites
by
influencing
release,
presentation,
recognition,
cell
trafficking,
thereby
enhancing
effectiveness
cancer
overcoming
resistance
In
this
review,
we
summarize
characteristics
mechanisms
functions
regulation
discuss
autophagy-based
therapies
adjuvant
enhancers
improve
