Molecular Order Control of Nonfullerene Acceptors Enables Ultralow Dark Current and High Responsivity in Short-Wavelength Infrared Organic Photodetectors

Chemistry of Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(11), С. 5775 - 5787

Опубликована: Май 21, 2024

Developing organic semiconductors for short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) photodetectors (OPDs) remains challenging due to the trade-off between achieving a long-wavelength spectral response and high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) as well low dark current densities (Jd). Herein, two spiro-structural nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) with responses reaching 1200 nm, namely DPA-4F TPA-4F, were developed. By changing substituent on spiro-core unit from hexyl chain phenyl group, TPA-4F displayed an ordered three-dimensional stacking network "head-to-tail" interactions terminal groups "core-to-core" units. The enhancement in molecular order of was demonstrated effectively red-shift response, decrease energetic disorder, reduce trap density states OPDs. Consequently, EQE more than 40% 600 1060 nm at 0 V bias Jd 2.61 × 10–10 A/cm2 −0.1 could be simultaneously realized TPA-4F-based devices, resulting detectivity (D*) exceeding 1013 Jones, ranked highest value SWIR Furthermore, obtained OPDs can integrated into flexible large-area photoplethysmography sensors pulse signal monitoring even without light irradiation. These findings shed design NFAs highly detective practical applications.

Язык: Английский

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Sensitive SWIR Organic Photodetectors with Spectral Response Reaching 1.5 µm

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(41)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2024

Abstract The performance of organic photodetectors (OPDs) sensitive to the short‐wavelength infrared (SWIR) light lags behind commercial indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) primarily due scarcity semiconductors with efficient photoelectric responses exceeding 1.3 µm. Limited by Energy‐gap law, ultralow‐bandgap usually suffer from severe non‐radiative transitions, resulting in low external quantum efficiency (EQE). Herein, a difluoro‐substituted quinoid terminal group (QC‐2F) exceptionally strong electron‐negativity is developed for constructing new non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA), Y‐QC4F an ultralow bandgap 0.83 eV. This subtle structural modification significantly enhances intermolecular packing order and density, enabling absorption onset up 1.5 µm while suppressing non‐radiation recombination films. SWIR OPDs based on achieve impressive detectivity ( D *) over 10 11 Jones 0.4 under 0 V bias, maximum 1.68 × 12 at 1.16 Furthermore, demonstrate competitive high‐quality imaging even 1.4 irradiation.

Язык: Английский

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C─H···π interaction induced H‐aggregates for wide range water content detection in organic solvents

Aggregate, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(4)

Опубликована: Март 24, 2024

Abstract J‐aggregation and H‐aggregation are identified as two classical models of functionally oriented non‐covalent interactions, significant attention has been drawn by researchers. However, due to the scarcity single‐crystal examples H‐aggregation, a comprehensive understanding relationship between its stacking mode optical behaviour hindered. In recent studies, polyaromatic Schiff base compounds, Cl‐Salmphen H‐Salmphen, were successfully synthesized, both found exhibit H‐aggregation. findings, H‐Salmphen was shown display typical C─H···π characteristic Aggregation‐Induced Emission (AIE) active molecules, whereas halogenated counterpart behaving similar Aggregation‐Caused Quenching (ACQ) molecules. These types results suggest that identical intermolecular interactions can produce differing behaviours. Light shed, at least in part, on formation mechanisms H‐type aggregates their luminescence properties from these observations. Additionally, high signal‐to‐noise ratio inherent H‐aggregates utilized for exploration water content detection. As an outcome, high‐performance fluorescent filter paper developed, enabling easy real‐time detection using smartphone.

Язык: Английский

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Crossbreeding Effect of Chalcogenation and Iodination on Benzene Additives Enables Optimized Morphology and 19.68% Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(23)

Опубликована: Март 25, 2024

Abstract Volatile solid additives have attracted increasing attention in optimizing the morphology and improving performance of currently dominated non‐fullerene acceptor‐based organic solar cells (OSCs). However, underlying principles governing rational design volatile remain elusive. Herein, a series efficient are successfully developed by crossbreeding effect chalcogenation iodination for photovoltaic performances OSCs. Five benzene derivatives 1,4‐dimethoxybenzene (DOB), 1‐iodo‐4‐methoxybenzene (OIB), 1‐iodo‐4‐methylthiobenzene (SIB), 1,4‐dimethylthiobenzene (DSB) 1,4‐diiodobenzene (DIB) systematically studied, where widely used DIB is as reference. The on overall property comprehensively investigated, which indicates that versatile functional groups provided various types noncovalent interactions with host materials modulating morphology. Among them, SIB combination sulphuration enabled more appropriate blend, giving rise to highly ordered molecular packing favorable As result, binary OSCs based PM6:L8‐BO PBTz‐F:L8‐BO well ternary PBTz‐F:PM6:L8‐BO achieved impressive high PCEs 18.87%, 18.81% 19.68%, respectively, among highest values

Язык: Английский

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Achieving Finely Optimized Morphology and Highly Efficient Layer-by-Layer Organic Solar Cells via Fluorinated Quinoxaline-Based Polymer Additives

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Vertical phase-separated active layer morphology is essential for organic solar cells (OSCs), which can be effectively achieved through layer-by-layer (LbL) processing, enabling independent optimization of donor and acceptor layers. Here, we present a novel strategy to optimize the D18/L8-BO-based OSCs by incorporating polyfluoroquinoxaline-type polymer additives. Three quinoxaline-based polymers with varying fluorination contents, namely, P2FQx, P3FQx, P4FQx, were synthesized evaluated. Although these showed limited performance as standalone materials in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) devices, their use additives LbL-OSCs significantly enhanced device efficiency. These promoted D18 aggregation, L8-BO penetration, facilitated formation vertically interpenetrating donor/acceptor network. Among additives, P2FQx demonstrated best performance, an optimized achieving champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) 20.13% well high fill factor (FF) 80.13%. Our results highlight potential rationally designed address morphology-related challenges provide pathway further development high-performance scalable photovoltaic devices.

Язык: Английский

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Charge Polarity Modulation and Efficient Electron Transport in Quinoid–Donor–Acceptor Polymers by Acceptor Engineering for High-Performance Transistors

Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Fine-tuning the charge polarity and enhancing electron transport in conjugated polymers are critical for developing high-performance organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Quinoidal polymers, characterized by planar backbones deep-lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels, offer distinct advantages over their aromatic counterparts but face challenges achieving reliable mobilities exceeding 1 cm2 V–1 s–1. Herein, we synthesized a set of novel quinoid–donor–acceptor (Q-D-A) with various acceptor units. Increasing strength narrowed band gap, lowered LUMO shifted from unipolar p-type to ambipolar ultimately dominant n-type behavior. The electron-to-hole mobility ratio increased 0 40 behavior observed Q-D-A polymer first time. Consequently, strongest acceptor-based exhibited backbone, small effective mass, high crystallinity, low disorder, resulting 1.20 s–1 decent operational stability. This is record-high value quinoidal transport. Our findings viable strategy tuning improving providing insights into structure–property relationships essential advancing electronics.

Язык: Английский

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The Multifaceted Role of 3D Printed Conducting Polymers in Next-Generation Energy Devices: A Critical Perspective

JACS Au, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(2), С. 411 - 425

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

The increasing human population is leading to growing consumption of energy sources which requires development in devices. modern iterations these devices fail offer sustainable and environmentally friendly answers since they require costly equipment produce a lot waste. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has spurred incredible innovation over the years variety fields clearly an attractive option because technology can create unique geometric items quickly, cheaply, with little Conducting polymers (CPs) are significant family functional materials that have garnered interest research community their high conductivity, outstanding sustainability, economic significance. They extensive number applications involving supercapacitors, power sources, electrochromic gadgets, electrostatic components, conducting pastes, sensors, biological thanks special physical electrical attributes, ease synthesis, appropriate frameworks for attachment. use three-dimensional become popular as exact way enhance prepared networks. Rapid technological advancements reproducing patterns building structures enable automated deposition intricate structures. Different composites been created using oxides metals carbon improve efficiency CPs. Such actively investigated exceptional producers low-power electronic techniques, by range applications, verified surface area, remarkable electrochemical behavior. hybridization such produced equipment, gathering energy, protective storage facilities. A few possible uses CPs sensors discussed this perspective. We also provide overview key strategies scientific industrial eye on potential improvements future.

Язык: Английский

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Conjugated polymer‐reinforced cellulosic frameworks: a promising approach for flexible electronics

Polymer International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2025

Abstract Flexible electronics are seamlessly integrated into our lives, from foldable displays to smart wearables, redefining interaction with technology. The use of metals and semiconductors in these flexible devices is limited due their poor bendability stretchability. Consequently, integrating conjugated polymers (CPs) a cellulosic framework has emerged as promising approach for advancing electronics. Cellulose, an abundant sustainable biopolymer, offers compelling solution the escalating global e‐waste crisis by providing cost‐effective biodegradable substrate. This synergy potential address environmental concerns unlock new avenues flexible, eco‐friendly electronic devices. Herein unique properties synthesis routes CPs briefly introduced including opportunities challenges. review discusses facile efficient circumvent challenges using cellulose explores fabrication approaches CP–cellulose composites aimed at enhancing mechanical, electrical optical properties. Through critical examination recent studies advancements, it highlights how reinforce investigates structure–property relationships, which crucial tailoring desired applications. Finally, presents outlook on prospects CP‐based © 2025 Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Designer Conjugation-Break Spacer That Boosts Charge Transport in Semiconducting Terpolymers

Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 57(12), С. 5902 - 5914

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024

Conjugated polymers (CPs) are pivotal for high-mobility applications, typically avoiding nonconjugated units due to their perceived negative impact on charge transport. Contrary this belief, our study introduces a unit, DKPDO, which when employed as conjugation-break spacer (CBS), significantly enhances DKPDO was obtained center-modified isoindigo variant featuring strongly electron-withdrawing amide groups that diminish the electron density and foster multiple hydrogen-bonding interactions. This results in enhanced deficiency reinforced coplanarity relative isoindigo. incorporated into polymer backbone, comprising bithiophene, create series of terpolymers with varied molar ratios, allowing systematic evaluation solubilities, interchain interactions, crystallinities, energy levels. Notably, incorporating universal improvement hole mobilities operational stabilities over DKPDO-free counterpart. Remarkably, terpolymer containing 2.5% achieves high mobility 4.12 cm2 V–1 s–1, approximately 6-fold higher than parent CP among highest CPs based center-inserted units. The not only, first time, realizes transport enhancement CBS backbones but also sets precedent strategic use developing high-performing CPs.

Язык: Английский

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A Three‐in‐One Hybrid Strategy for High‐Performance Semiconducting Polymers Processed from Anisole

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(25)

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2024

Abstract The development of semiconducting polymers with good processability in green solvents and competitive electrical performance is essential for realizing sustainable large‐scale manufacturing commercialization organic electronics. A major obstacle the processability‐performance dichotomy that dictated by lack ideal building blocks balanced polarity, solubility, electronic structures, molecular conformation. Herein, through integration donor, quinoid acceptor units, an unprecedented block, namely TQBT, introduced constructing a serial conjugated polymers. distinct non‐symmetric structure high dipole moment, imparts enhanced solubility anisole—a solvent—to polymer TQBT‐T. Furthermore, PTQBT‐T possess highly rigid planar backbone owing to nearly coplanar geometry quinoidal nature resulting strong aggregation solution localized aggregates film. Remarkably, films spuncast from anisole exhibit hole mobility 2.30 cm 2 V ‐1 s , which record solvent‐processable via spin‐coating, together commendable operational storage stability. hybrid block emerges as pioneering electroactive unit, shedding light on future design strategies high‐performance compatible processing marking significant stride towards ecofriendly

Язык: Английский

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