Biological Activity of Selenium and Its Impact on Human Health

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2633 - 2633

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2023

Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring metalloid element essential to human and animal health in trace amounts but it harmful excess. Se plays substantial role the functioning of organism. It incorporated into selenoproteins, thus supporting antioxidant defense systems. Selenoproteins participate metabolism thyroid hormones, control reproductive functions exert neuroprotective effects. Among elements, has one narrowest ranges between dietary deficiency toxic levels. Its level toxicity may depend on chemical form, as inorganic organic species have distinct biological properties. Over last decades, optimization population intake for prevention diseases related or excess been recognized pressing issue modern healthcare worldwide. Low selenium status associated with an increased risk mortality, poor immune function, cognitive decline, dysfunction. On other hand, concentrations slightly above its nutritional levels shown adverse effects broad spectrum neurological increase type-2 diabetes. Comprehension biochemical pathways under normal physiological conditions therefore important elucidate effect diseases. This review gives overview highlighting body. The activity Se, mainly performed through epigenetic discussed. Moreover, brief phytoremediation rhizofiltration approaches reported.

Язык: Английский

---

Scientific opinion on the tolerable upper intake level for selenium

EFSA Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver scientific opinion tolerable upper intake level (UL) for selenium. Systematic reviews of literature were conducted identify evidence regarding excess selenium clinical effects potential biomarkers effect, risk chronic diseases impaired neuropsychological development in humans. Alopecia, as an early observable feature well-established adverse effect exposure, is selected critical endpoint which base UL A lowest-observed-adverse-effect-level (LOAEL) 330 μg/day identified large randomised controlled trial humans (the Selenium Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT)), uncertainty factor 1.3 applied. 255 established adult men women (including pregnant lactating women). ULs children are derived adults using allometric scaling (body weight0.75). Based available data, consumers unlikely exceed UL, except regular users food supplements containing high daily doses or Brazil nuts. No has been reported with current levels countries (excluding supplements) toddlers children, arising natural content foods does not raise reasons concern. Selenium-containing should be used caution, based individual needs.

Язык: Английский

---

Glutathione and glutathione-dependent enzymes: From biochemistry to gerontology and successful aging

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 92, С. 102066 - 102066

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

The Regulation of Selenoproteins in Diabetes: A New Way to Treat Diabetes

Current Pharmaceutical Design, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(20), С. 1541 - 1547

Опубликована: Май 6, 2024

Selenium is an essential micronutrient required for the synthesis and function of selenoproteins, most which are enzymes involved in maintaining oxidative balance body. Diabetes a group metabolic disorders characterized by high blood glucose levels over prolonged period time. There three main types diabetes: type 1, 2, gestational diabetes. This review summarizes recent advances field diabetes research with emphasis on roles selenoproteins disturbance We also discuss interaction between lipid metabolism to provide new insights into prevention treatment

Язык: Английский

---

The therapeutic potential of dietary intervention: based on the mechanism of a tryptophan derivative-indole propionic acid on metabolic disorders

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2024

Tryptophan (TRP) contributes to individual immune homeostasis and good condition via three complex metabolism pathways (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), kynurenine (KP), gut microbiota pathway). Indole propionic acid (IPA), one of the TRP derivatives pathway, has raised more attention because its impact on metabolic disorders. Here, we retrospect increasing evidence that metabolites/IPA derived from proteolysis host health disease. IPA can activate system through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and/or Pregnane X (PXR) as a vital mediator among diet-caused microbe cross-talk. Different levels in systemic circulation predict risk NAFLD, T2DM, CVD. is suggested alleviate cognitive impairment oxidative damage, reduce inflammation, inhibit lipid accumulation attenuate symptoms putatively enhance intestinal epithelial barrier, maintain homeostasis. Now, provide general description relationships between various physiological pathological processes, which support an opportunity for diet intervention diseases.

Язык: Английский

---

Unveiling the potential of selenium-enriched tea: Compositional profiles, physiological activities, and health benefits

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 145, С. 104356 - 104356

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Selenoprotein P – Selenium transport protein, enzyme and biomarker of selenium status

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 191, С. 150 - 163

Опубликована: Сен. 5, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Selenium Status and Its Antioxidant Role in Metabolic Diseases

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2022, С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2022

Selenium (Se), in the form of selenoproteins, is an essential micronutrient that plays important role human health and disease. To date, there are at least 25 selenoproteins humans involved a wide variety biological functions, including mammalian development, metabolic progress, inflammation response, chemoprotective properties, most notably, oxidoreductase functions. In recent years, numerous studies have reported low Se levels associated with increased risk, poor outcome, mortality disorders, mainly related to limited antioxidant defense resulting from deficiency. Moreover, correlation between deficiency Keshan disease has received considerable attention. Therefore, supplementation as therapeutic strategy for preventing occurrence, delaying progression, alleviating outcomes some diseases been widely studied. However, supranutritional serum may adverse effects, poisoning. This review evaluates status health, particular emphasis on benefits shedding light clinical treatment.

Язык: Английский

---

Selenium Nanodots (SENDs) as Antioxidants and Antioxidant‐Prodrugs to Rescue Islet β Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Restoring Mitophagy and Alleviating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(19)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023

Abstract Preventing islet β ‐cells death is crucial for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Currently, clinical drugs are being developed to improve the quality of T2DM care and self‐care, but focused on reducing islets ‐cell lacking. Given that in dominated ultimately by excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), eliminating ROS a highly promising therapeutic strategy. Nevertheless, no antioxidants have been approved therapy because most them cannot meet long‐term stable elimination without eliciting toxic side‐effects. Here, it proposed restore endogenous antioxidant capacity efficiently prevent using selenium nanodots (SENDs), prodrug enzyme glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1). SENDs not only scavenge effectively, also “send” precisely with response greatly enhance increasing GPX1 expression. Therefore, rescue restoring mitophagy alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), demonstrate much stronger efficacy than first‐line drug metformin treatment. Overall, this strategy highlights great application prospects SENDs, offering paradigm an

Язык: Английский

---

Chiral Selenium Nanotherapeutics Regulates Selenoproteins to Attenuate Glucocorticoid‐Induced Osteoporosis

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(17)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2023

Abstract Glucocorticoid (GC)‐induced osteoporosis (GIO) is a concurrent disease commonly appeared in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune patients. Stereoselective recognition between chiral drugs homochiral biological molecules could directly affect their distribution, adhesion transport. Herein, trace element selenium (Se) with bone formation‐regulating activity, employed to construct cysteine‐decorated nanoparticles (Cys@SeNPs) attenuate GIO. Interestingly, comparing the racemic (DL‐Cys@SeNPs) D‐Cys@SeNPs, L‐Cys@SeNPs displays higher uptake osteoblast cells lessen reactive oxygen species overproduction block dexamethasone (Dex)‐induced osteoblasts apoptosis. Intracellular be predominantly transformed selenocystine upregulate expression levels of antioxidative selenoproteins effectively scavenge Dex‐induced excessive ROS accumulation osteoblasts, thus reduce undesirable apoptosis through activating Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Consistently, significantly alleviates main symptoms trabeculae destruction decreased density vivo, also reduces weight gain fatty liver formation Dex‐exposed mice, suppressing overall side effects Dex. This study not only demonstrates an effective strategy for treatment GIO by using Se nanomedicine, but elucidates important roles alleviating osteoporosis, which help future Se‐based drug design chirality control engineering.

Язык: Английский

---