Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Cleaner Engineering and Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21, С. 100773 - 100773
Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024
The greater demand for energy has led to a surge in the utilization of fossil fuels, resulting rapid depletion crude oil sources. Regrettably, this trend engendered significant negative environmental impact, primarily due release unwanted carbon emissions into atmosphere. Biodiesel been considered suitable substitute fuels owing its availability from renewable feedstock, less polluting, sustainable and high biodegradability. However, production biodiesel edible oils is very expensive food versus fuel competition feedstock. Therefore, non-edible such as rubber seed have feedstock their wide abundance different parts world. Rubber plantations are widely cultivated latex discarded seeds could be potential source production. Hence, review considers extraction seeds, free fatty acid compositions, physicochemical properties. It investigates explores variations various kinds catalysts that developed were examined; techno-economic analysis was discussed; merits challenges associated with use analyzed.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Results in Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 103668 - 103668
Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 68 - 79
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025
Enzymatic biodiesel production often faces challenges such as mass transfer limitations and enzyme sensitivity, resulting in low reaction efficiency. This study aimed to address these issues by integrating ultrasound technology with low-cost CO2-based alkyl carbamate ionic liquids (ILs) additives. Among the investigated ILs, N,N-diallylammonium N′,N′-diallylcarbamate (DACARB) demonstrated highest fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content ultrasound-assisted catalyzed Eversa Transform 2.0 at an optimal temperature of 50 °C. The addition DACARB improved solubility immiscible reactants enhanced lipase stability, maintaining high FAME yields even under amplitudes up 100% duty cycles 20%. Enzyme hydrolytic activity assays revealed that activated lipase, increasing 33% through favorable alterations tertiary structure, confirmed fluorescence spectroscopy. Furthermore, employing a stepwise methanol dosing strategy 40% amplitude 5% cycle presence 2 wt % achieved 91.3 within 12 h, using only 0.2 concentration. highlights potential promising additive enhance efficiency enzymatic production, offering solution overcome current process.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 271, С. 132538 - 132538
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
This study focused on the ultrasound-assisted transesterification of simulated low-quality feedstocks using a low-cost liquid lipase Eversa® Transform 2.0 (ET2). Enzyme characterization was also performed to investigate effect ultrasound parameters enzyme structure. The optimal parameters, 40 % amplitude, and 5 duty cycle effectively enhanced reaction rate compared conventional stirring method while retaining 95 activity. Analysis circular dichroism (CD) spectra revealed preservation secondary structure ET2 under intensities, fluorescence indicated slight change in its tertiary implementation two-stage methanol dosing strategy mitigated inhibition, yielding remarkable fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content 92.2 achieved within 12-h time. Notable, this high FAME with only 4:1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio 0.5 wt% concentration. Under these optimized conditions, demonstrated 15 improvement final method. These promising results hold significant potential for advancing field biodiesel production via technology, contributing substantively sustainable energy sources.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
9
Energies, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 18(10), С. 2533 - 2533
Опубликована: Май 14, 2025
As fossil fuel depletion and environmental pollution become increasingly severe, biodiesel has emerged as a promising renewable alternative to conventional diesel due its biodegradability, low sulfur emissions, high combustion efficiency. This paper provides comprehensive review of the evolution feedstocks, major production technologies, key factors influencing efficiency quality. It traces development feedstocks from first-generation edible oils, second-generation non-edible oils waste fats, third-generation microalgal fourth-generation biofuels based on synthetic biology, with comparative analysis their respective advantages limitations. Various technologies such transesterification, direct esterification, supercritical alcohol methods, enzyme-catalyzed transesterification are examined in terms reaction mechanisms, process conditions, applicability. The effects critical parameters including alcohol-to-oil molar ratio, time, temperature yield quality discussed detail. Particular attention is given role catalysts, both homogeneous heterogeneous types, enhancing conversion In addition, life cycle assessment (LCA) briefly considered evaluate impact sustainability production. serves valuable reference for improving advancing sustainable feedstock development, promoting commercial application biodiesel.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Fuel, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 380, С. 133263 - 133263
Опубликована: Сен. 24, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 275, С. 133643 - 133643
Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
5
The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 102(11), С. 3787 - 3802
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2024
Abstract Esters are important chemicals used in fine and bulk chemical industry with numerous applications: solvents, paints, varnishes, dyes, cosmetics. Ester formation is dominated mainly by Fischer esterification transesterification. reaction generally for ester production, but certain cases, transesterification can be advantage. It useful when the acid less soluble alcohol or solvent used, thus forming two layers. Water creates purification problems during reactions due to azeotrope such cases. Commercially, cheaply available methyl ethyl esters conveniently as raw materials value added production Transesterification also parent acids highly reactive pose difficulty separation. Transesterifications slow a catalyst used: bases, ion exchange resins, zeolites, clays. Homogeneous catalysts were past which now replaced their heterogeneous counterparts. Heterogeneous offer advantages like reusability, lesser corrosion, ease of commercially produce number industrial importance acrylics biodiesel. This review considers all these aspects considerable detail. A large literature set was scanned its judicious extract presented.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Chemical Engineering and Processing - Process Intensification, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 205, С. 109997 - 109997
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3