Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(9), С. 2155 - 2155
Опубликована: Май 7, 2025
Phthalates
are
compounds
widely
used
as
very
effective
plasticizers
of
PVC.
Unfortunately,
they
also
known
to
be
endocrine
disruptors
and
detrimental
human
health
the
environment.
For
this
reason,
environmentally
friendly
being
intensively
sought
after
in
response
market
needs
context
sustainable
development
legislative
changes
regarding
use
phthalates.
Our
research
presents
an
innovative
approach
addressing
problem.
In
paper,
we
propose
new
biobased
oligoesters
non-toxic
harmless
poly(vinyl
chloride).
New
were
obtained
by
polyesterification
saturated
dimerized
fatty
acid
(DFA),
adipic
(ADA),
triethylene
glycol
(TEG),
2-ethylhexanol
(2-EH),
characterized
nuclear
magnetic
resonance,
size
exclusion
chromatography,
viscosity
analyses.
The
compatibility
with
PVC
was
determined
using
method
for
obtaining
films
casting
from
a
THF
solution.
Selected
obtain
blends
at
50
phr.
They
then
tested
plasticizer
migration,
hardness,
thermogravimetric
analysis,
differential
scanning
calorimetry,
mechanical
strength.
Their
properties
compared
commercially
available
monomeric
di(2-ethylhexyl)
terephthalate
adipate.
conducted
study
shows
that
molar
ratio
ADA
DFA
9:1
excess
2-EH
exhibit
good
plasticizing
ability.
higher
amounts
worsens
However,
4:1
ADA-to-DFA
produced
results
still
allow
these
lower
concentrations
or
combination
other
plasticizers.
Chemosphere,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
377, С. 144315 - 144315
Опубликована: Март 28, 2025
Understanding
the
impact
of
endocrine
disruptor
compounds
(EDCs)
across
a
wide
range
species
is
crucial,
given
their
ubiquitous
presence.
Although
invertebrate
lack
sex
steroid
hormone
pathways,
they
exhibit
sensitivity
to
EDCs,
which
could
affect
population
dynamics.
This
study
assessed
reproductive
endpoints
and
oxidative
stress
parameters
in
Eisenia
fetida
following
exposure
estradiol
soy
isoflavones,
resembling
concentrations
found
livestock
manure.
The
experiment
used
artificial
soil,
as
recommended
by
OECD
guidelines
(7:2:1
sand,
kaolin
peat).
Adult
specimens
were
randomly
divided
into
seven
groups
(n
=
11/replicate):
one
control,
three
(156.1,
283.4
633.8
μg/kg
dry
soil)
isoflavones
(113.0,
215.3
405.0
mg/kg
concentrations.
After
eight
weeks,
samples
collected
for
cytological,
histological
biochemical
analysis.
Offspring
development
was
after
12
additional
weeks.
Higher
isoflavone
led
lower
germ
cell
number
increased
abnormalities,
especially
seminal
vesicles
ovaries.
Catalase
peroxidase
activities
significantly
all
treated
groups.
did
not
E.
offspring.
These
findings
highlight
fetida's
EDCs
at
tissue
level,
suggesting
its
use
bioindicator
assessing
EDC
contamination
soils.
Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025
ABSTRACT
For
the
first
time,
a
mixture
of
cardanol
and
cardol
esters
has
been
studied
as
plasticizers
for
PVC.
From
our
previous
work,
it
established
that
favorable
plasticizing
properties
PVC
materials
exist.
Hence,
utilization
cashew
nutshell
liquid
(CNSL),
naturally
occurring
cardol,
plasticizer
presents
an
intriguing
prospect.
While
major
studies
focused
on
cardanol‐based
plasticizers,
their
extraction
process
entails
time‐consuming,
energy‐intensive,
costly
steps,
thereby
limiting
market
competitiveness.
The
aim
this
study
is
not
to
focus
pure
or
cardanol,
previously
conducted,
but
instead
derived
mixtures
obtained
through
CNSL
extraction.
Various
ester
with
different
alkyl
length
chains
were
synthesized
from
various
mixtures,
containing
ratios
cardol.
chemical
structure
these
was
fully
characterized
by
using
1
H
NMR
spectroscopy,
while
rheological
plastisol,
mechanical
properties,
thermal
stability
plasticized
films
investigated.
Through
exploration,
insights
into
potential
CNSL‐derived
efficient
are
elucidated,
offering
promising
alternatives
reduced
processing
complexities
enhanced
viability.
Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(9), С. 2155 - 2155
Опубликована: Май 7, 2025
Phthalates
are
compounds
widely
used
as
very
effective
plasticizers
of
PVC.
Unfortunately,
they
also
known
to
be
endocrine
disruptors
and
detrimental
human
health
the
environment.
For
this
reason,
environmentally
friendly
being
intensively
sought
after
in
response
market
needs
context
sustainable
development
legislative
changes
regarding
use
phthalates.
Our
research
presents
an
innovative
approach
addressing
problem.
In
paper,
we
propose
new
biobased
oligoesters
non-toxic
harmless
poly(vinyl
chloride).
New
were
obtained
by
polyesterification
saturated
dimerized
fatty
acid
(DFA),
adipic
(ADA),
triethylene
glycol
(TEG),
2-ethylhexanol
(2-EH),
characterized
nuclear
magnetic
resonance,
size
exclusion
chromatography,
viscosity
analyses.
The
compatibility
with
PVC
was
determined
using
method
for
obtaining
films
casting
from
a
THF
solution.
Selected
obtain
blends
at
50
phr.
They
then
tested
plasticizer
migration,
hardness,
thermogravimetric
analysis,
differential
scanning
calorimetry,
mechanical
strength.
Their
properties
compared
commercially
available
monomeric
di(2-ethylhexyl)
terephthalate
adipate.
conducted
study
shows
that
molar
ratio
ADA
DFA
9:1
excess
2-EH
exhibit
good
plasticizing
ability.
higher
amounts
worsens
However,
4:1
ADA-to-DFA
produced
results
still
allow
these
lower
concentrations
or
combination
other
plasticizers.
