The global threat from plastic pollution

Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 373(6550), С. 61 - 65

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2021

Plastic pollution accumulating in an area of the environment is considered “poorly reversible” if natural mineralization processes occurring there are slow and engineered remediation solutions improbable. Should negative outcomes these areas arise as a consequence plastic pollution, they will be practically irreversible. Potential impacts from poorly reversible include changes to carbon nutrient cycles; habitat within soils, sediments, aquatic ecosystems; co-occurring biological on endangered or keystone species; ecotoxicity; related societal impacts. The rational response global threat posed by rapidly reduce emissions through reductions consumption virgin materials, along with internationally coordinated strategies for waste management.

Язык: Английский

---

Impacts of Microplastics on the Soil Biophysical Environment

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 52(17), С. 9656 - 9665

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2018

Soils are essential components of terrestrial ecosystems that experience strong pollution pressure. Microplastic contamination soils is being increasingly documented, with potential consequences for soil biodiversity and function. Notwithstanding, data on effects such contaminants fundamental properties potentially impacting biota lacking. The present study explores the microplastics to disturb vital relationships between water, as well its structure microbial During a 5-weeks garden experiment we exposed loamy sand environmentally relevant nominal concentrations (up 2%) four common microplastic types (polyacrylic fibers, polyamide beads, polyester polyethylene fragments). Then, measured bulk density, water holding capacity, hydraulic conductivity, aggregation, activity. Microplastics affected functional relationship activity stable aggregates. underestimated if idiosyncrasies particle type neglected, suggesting purely qualitative environmental might be limited value assessment in soil. If extended other plastic types, processes unravelled here suggest long-term anthropogenic stressors drivers global change ecosystems.

Язык: Английский

---

Evidence of microplastic accumulation in agricultural soils from sewage sludge disposal

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 671, С. 411 - 420

Опубликована: Март 24, 2019

Microplastics are emerging as a steadily increasing environmental threat. Wastewater treatment plants efficiently remove microplastics from sewage, trapping the particles in sludge and preventing their entrance into aquatic environments. Treatment essentially taking out of waste water concentrating them sludge, however. It has become common practice to use this on agricultural soils fertilizer. The aim current research was evaluate microplastic contamination by practice, assessing implications successive applications looking at total count soil samples. Thirty-one fields with different application records similar edaphoclimatic conditions were evaluated. Field covered ten year period. For all fields, historical disposal events used same amount (40 ton ha-1 dry weight). Extraction done flotation then counted classified help microscope. Seven samples collected that underwent during study Soils where 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 had been performed median 1.1, 1.6, 1.7, 2.3, 3.5 g-1 soil, respectively. There statistical differences contents related number field undergone (1, 3 < 5). Microplastic content ranged 18 41 g-1, 34 g-1. majority observed fibers (90% 97% soil). Our results indicate counts increase over time performed. stress relevance driver contamination.

Язык: Английский

---

Chemical recycling to monomer for an ideal, circular polymer economy

Nature Reviews Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 5(7), С. 501 - 516

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2020

Язык: Английский

---

The distribution of microplastics in soil aggregate fractions in southwestern China

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 642, С. 12 - 20

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2018

Язык: Английский

---

Effects of Microplastics in Soil Ecosystems: Above and Below Ground

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 53(19), С. 11496 - 11506

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2019

Environmental contamination by microplastics is now considered an emerging threat to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Soil ecosystems, particularly agricultural land, have been recognized as a major sink of microplastics, but the impacts on soil ecosystems (e.g., above below ground) remain largely unknown. In this study, different types [biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA)], conventional high-density polyethylene (HDPE), microplastic clothing fibers were added containing endogeic Aporrectodea rosea (rosy-tipped earthworm) planted with Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) assess biophysical response in mesocosm experiment. When exposed or PLA fewer seeds germinated. There was also reduction shoot height PLA. The biomass A. HDPE significantly reduced compared control samples. Furthermore, present there decrease pH. size distribution water-stable aggregates altered when present, suggesting potential alterations stability. This study provides evidence that manufactured PLA, synthetic can affect development L. perenne, health basic, crucial properties, further

Язык: Английский

---

Microplastics in Swiss Floodplain Soils

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 52(6), С. 3591 - 3598

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2018

Microplastics (MPs) are small (<5 mm diameter) but have clear implications for the environment. These artificial particles found in and pose threats to aquatic systems worldwide. MPs terrestrial sources, their concentrations fates environment poorly understood. While global plastic production continues increase, so do environmental impacts of MPs. In this first study floodplain soils, we developed a method identifying, quantifying, measuring sizes most commonly produced soil by FT-IR microscopy. For MP (<1 mm) analysis, were separated density separation oxidation organic matter. analyzed 29 floodplains Swiss nature reserves associated with catchments covering 53% Switzerland. We evidence that 90% soils contain The highest concentration mesoplastics (5 − 2.5 cm diameter), indicating waste as source. Furthermore, was correlated population catchment. wide distribution MPs, presence remote unsettled high mountain areas, decoupling MEP compositions, dominance (<500 μm particles, indicate enter via diffuse aeolian transport.

Язык: Английский

---

Microplastic and mesoplastic pollution in farmland soils in suburbs of Shanghai, China

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 242, С. 855 - 862

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2018

Язык: Английский

---

Understanding plastic degradation and microplastic formation in the environment: A review

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 274, С. 116554 - 116554

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Current research trends on plastic pollution and ecological impacts on the soil ecosystem: A review

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 240, С. 387 - 395

Опубликована: Май 9, 2018

Язык: Английский

---