Improving Grapevine Heat Stress Resilience with Marine Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Consortia

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(4), С. 856 - 856

Опубликована: Март 27, 2023

Amid climate change, heatwave events are expected to increase in frequency and severity. As a result, yield losses viticulture due stress have increased over the years. one of most important crops world, an eco-friendly mitigation strategy is greatly needed. The present work aims evaluate physiological fitness improvement by two marine plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria consortia Vitis vinifera cv. Antão Vaz under conditions. To assess potential biophysical biochemical thermal feedback amelioration, photochemical traits, pigment fatty acid profiles, osmotic oxidative biomarkers were analysed. Bioaugmented grapevines exposed presented significantly enhanced photoprotection capability higher thermo-stability, exhibiting lower dissipation energy flux than non-inoculated plants. Additionally, rhizobacterial tested improved light-harvesting capabilities increasing reaction centre availability preserving photosynthetic efficiency. Rhizobacteria inoculation expressed osmoprotectant promotion, revealed osmolyte concentration while maintaining leaf turgidity. Improved antioxidant mechanisms membrane stability resulted lowered lipid peroxidation product formation when compared Although found differ their effectiveness, these findings demonstrate that bioaugmentation induced significant tolerance mitigation. This study promising usage PGPR promote minimize impacts grapevines.

Язык: Английский

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Evolution of heatwaves in Chile since 1980

Weather and Climate Extremes, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 41, С. 100588 - 100588

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Heatwaves (HWs) are highly dangerous threats to human and ecosystem health, as well many economic sectors around the world. In present work focused on Chile, we use a high-resolution (∼5 km) gridded product (CR2Met v2.0) evaluate spatiotemporal distribution trends of HWs. We analyze daily maximum temperatures (Tx) from late austral spring early autumn (November March) HWs behavior during 1980–2020, using three criteria: i) consecutive days with Tx > 30°C, ii) 90th percentile (P90), iii) 95th (P95). validated our results statistics based eighteen official meteorological stations; this procedure revealed coherence data mainly over Central Valley Andes. Using P90 threshold, found upward across Andes between 20° 36°S (>1 events per decade), in 34° - 43°S (>0.75 decade). addition, P95 thresholds, exhibit 0.5 decade, respectively) throughout most including Patagonia. Moreover, all an increase HW frequency 2011–2020 megadrought period (ranging 1 4 events/decade) comparison previous (1980–2010). Meteorological factors such Puelche (Föhn-like) winds proposed amplifying mechanism South-Central Chile.

Язык: Английский

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Reviewing the Adverse Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Measures on Almond Trees (Prunus dulcis)

Agriculture, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(7), С. 1423 - 1423

Опубликована: Июль 19, 2023

Climate change is one of the most emergent environmental challenges, with rising global temperatures, changes in precipitation regimes, and an increased frequency intensity extreme weather events. impacts on agrarian sector are being experienced across world expected to be aggravated upcoming decades. Almond fruits highly sought after due their economic nutritional interest, which contribute spread throughout world. In 2021, almond production was approximately 3.9 × 106 t upward 4.9 103 year−1. Despite relatively drought- heat-resistant, this species also vulnerable climate change, particularly its production, dependent soil water content air temperature. To address challenges farmers other stakeholders industry increasingly adopting a range adaptation measures, such as implementing irrigation systems planting more drought-tolerant varieties. This manuscript describes cultivation, reviewing recent studies subject. Furthermore, comprehensive analysis possible strategies against potentially negative carried out, might relevance producers operating value chain.

Язык: Английский

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Heatwaves: does global research reflect the growing threat in the light of climate change?

Globalization and Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 11, 2023

With the increasing impacts of climate change, heatwaves are placing an enormous burden on health and social systems threatening ecological diversity around world. Heatwaves not only in frequency but also severity magnitude. They causing deaths thousands people. Research is needed a multidisciplinary, supra-regional, regional level.A detailed evaluation research conducted yet available. Therefore, this study provides insight into publication landscape to identify key players, incentives, requirements for future scientific efforts that useful scientists stakeholders project funders.The number publications increasing, outpacing trend indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded. However, funding lagging behind comparatively. Looking at absolute numbers, USA, Australia, China, some European countries have been identified as major players heatwave research. If socio-economic numbers included, Switzerland Portugal lead way. Australia UK dominate if change heatwave-exposed people included. Nevertheless, exposure economic strength publishing were main drivers national interests. Previous heatwaves, particular, driven primarily level.For efficient monitoring or early detection system includes economically weak regions, internationally networked necessary enable preventive measures damage limitation against heatwaves. Regardless previous extreme heat events, approaches should be focused global level.

Язык: Английский

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Recent evolution of spatial and temporal patterns of burnt areas and fire weather risk in the Iberian Peninsula

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 287, С. 107923 - 107923

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2020

Язык: Английский

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An Observational Case Study of Synergies between an Intense Heat Wave and the Urban Heat Island in Beijing

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 59(4), С. 605 - 620

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2020

Abstract The focus of this study is an intense heat episode that occurred on 9–13 July 2017 in Beijing, China, resulted severe impacts natural and human variables, including record-setting daily electricity consumption levels. This event was observed analyzed with a suite local mesoscale instruments, high-density automated weather station network, soil moisture sensors, ground-based vertical instruments (e.g., wind profiler, ceilometer, three radiometers) situated around the city, as well electric power data analysis from U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction. results show wave originated dry adiabatic warming induced by dynamic downslope synoptic subsidence. conditions were aggravated increased air humidity during subsequent days, which historically high records index (i.e., representing apparent temperature incorporates both moisture). thermal energy decreased boundary layer height highly energized urban layer. differences between rural throughout almost entire enhanced wave, canopy-layer island intensity (UHII) reached up to 8°C at central 2300 standard time 10 July. A double-peak pattern diurnal cycle UHIIs differed single-peak decadal average UHII cycles. Different spatial distributions values day night.

Язык: Английский

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The future urban heat-wave challenge in Africa: Exploratory analysis

Global Environmental Change, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 66, С. 102190 - 102190

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Very rare heat extremes: quantifying and understanding using ensemble re-initialization

Journal of Climate, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 46

Опубликована: Май 21, 2021

Abstract Heat waves such as the one in Europe 2003 have severe consequences for economy, society, and ecosystems. It is unclear whether temperatures could exceeded these anomalies even without further climate change. Developing storylines quantifying highest possible temperature levels challenging given lack of long homogeneous time series methodological framework to assess them. Here, we address this challenge by analysing summer a nearly 5000-year pre-industrial model simulation, performed with Community Earth System Model CESM1. To how anomalous get, compare storylines, generated three different methods: (1) return-level estimate, deduced from generalized extreme value distribution, (2) regression model, based on dynamic thermodynamic heat wave drivers, (3) novel ensemble boosting method, generating large samples re-initialized simulation. All methods provide consistent estimates, suggesting that historical exceptional Chicago 1995, Russia 2010 been substantially absence global warming. These estimated unseen are caused same drivers moderate observed events, but more patterns. Moreover, altered contributions circulation soil moisture include amplified feedbacks surface energy budget. The combining storyline approaches magnitudes beyond observational record may ultimately contribute adaptation stress testing ecosystems or socio-economic systems increase resilience stressors.

Язык: Английский

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Growing prevalence of heat over cold extremes with overall milder extremes and multiple successive events

Communications Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Abstract Temperature extremes with altered characteristics are one of the most threatening impacts global warming. How their have changed is uncertain, and varies by region. Here we analyse ERA5 reanalysis data for period 1980 to 2018 illuminate spatio-temporal single multiple successive temperature extreme events at scale. We show that in average, magnitude heat significantly increased while cold decreased a faster rate. As result, prevailing climate shifted from prevalence extremes, overall decreased. Globally, constituted about quarter all identified events. These trends were not globally uniform. The noteworthy observed Tropical Polar zones; Middle East North Africa, including Mediterranean region, as hotspots shifts.

Язык: Английский

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Prediction, validation, and uncertainties of a nation-wide post-fire soil erosion risk assessment in Portugal

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2022

Wildfires are a recurrent and increasing threat in mainland Portugal, where over 4.5 million hectares of forests scrublands have burned the last 38 years. These fire-affected landscapes suffered an intensification soil erosion processes, which can negatively affect carbon storage, reduce fertility forest productivity, become source pollutants. The main objective present study is to produce post-fire risk map for shrubland areas Portugal assess its reliability. To this end, semi-empirical Morgan-Morgan-Finney model was used potential according distinct burn severity climate scenarios, accuracy predictions verified by uncertainty analysis validated against independent field datasets. proposed approach successfully allowed mapping identified with higher past future extremes. outcomes comprise set tools help managers their decision-making emergency stabilization, ensuring adequate selection mitigation minimize economic environmental losses caused fire-enhanced erosion.

Язык: Английский

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