SSRN Electronic Journal,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2021
Globally,
amphibian
species
are
experiencing
dramatic
population
declines,
and
many
face
the
risk
of
imminent
extinction.
A
number
different
drivers
for
this
loss
have
been
identified,
including
habitat
degradation,
climate
change,
chytridiomycosis.
More
recently,
endocrine-disrupting
chemicals
(EDCs)
recognised
as
an
underappreciated
factor
contributing
to
global
declines.
In
regard,
use
hormonal
growth
promotants
in
livestock
industry
provides
a
direct
pathway
EDCs
enter
environment—including
potent
anabolic
steroid
17β-trenbolone.
Emerging
evidence
non-target
suggest
that
17β-trenbolone
can
impact
traits
related
metabolism,
somatic
growth,
sexual
development,
behaviour.
However,
far
less
is
known
about
possible
effects
on
anuran
species,
particularly
impacts
during
early
tadpole
life
stages.
Accordingly,
present
study
we
investigated
28-day
exposure
environmentally
relevant
levels
(mean
measured
concentrations:
10
66
ng/L)
body
size,
condition,
metabolic
rate,
anxiety-related
behaviour
tadpoles
(Limnodynastes
tasmaniensis).
Counter
our
predictions
based
observed
other
taxa,
detected
no
effect
or
tadpoles;
although,
did
detect
subtle,
but
statistically
significant
decrease
condition
at
highest
concentration.
We
hypothesize
may
induce
taxa-specific
function,
behaviour,
with
anurans
being
sensitive
disruption
than
fish,
encourage
further
cross-taxa
investigation
test
hypothesis.
Current
wastewater
treatment
plants
have
not
been
designed
to
remove
organic
micropollutants
(OMPs)
that
are
now
prevalent
in
surface
waters.
This
desktop
study
investigates
the
Membrane
Concentrate
Recirculation
Activated
Sludge
(MCRAS)
process,
which
enhances
removal
of
OMP
by
combining
conventional
activated
sludge
with
membrane
filtration
and
recirculation
concentrate
back
sludge.
The
process
limits
release
environment
offers
an
integrated
approach
for
treating
concentrate.
Four
model
OMPs
(diclofenac,
carbamazepine,
ibuprofen,
triclosan)
were
studied
using
a
mass
balance
literature
data,
comparing
performance
five
types
(XLE,
NF90,
NF270,
TFC-SR2,
dNF40).
scenarios
identified
based
on
biodegradation
retention.
Notably,
low
high
retention,
can
be
significantly
enhanced:
diclofenac
increased
from
29
72%
NF270
up
97%
XLE
or
NF90
membranes.
However,
use
also
leads
accumulation
salts,
as
salts
biodegradable.
highlights
need
between
salt
Therefore,
future
development
should
focus
improving
retention
while
minimizing
Journal of Hazardous Materials Letters,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
1, С. 100004 - 100004
Опубликована: Окт. 14, 2020
Worldwide,
biologically
active
pharmaceuticals,
such
as
psychoactive
drugs,
are
routinely
detected
in
aquatic
ecosystems.
In
this
regard,
selective
serotonin
reuptake
inhibitors
(SSRIs),
a
class
of
antidepressant,
major
environmental
concern.
Through
targeted
action
on
evolutionarily
conserved
physiological
pathways,
SSRIs
could
alter
ecologically
important
behaviours
exposed
organisms.
Here,
using
two
field-realistic
dosages
(measured
concentrations:
18
and
215
ng/L)
the
SSRI
fluoxetine
(Prozac),
we
examined
effects
exposure
anxiety-related
wild-caught
female
mosquitofish,
Gambusia
holbrooki.
Anxiety-related
behaviour
was
assessed
light/dark
transition
test,
with
swimming
activity
fish
recorded
under
alternating
light
conditions,
complete
darkness
bright
light,
shift
condition
used
to
induce
an
anxiety-like
response.
Fluoxetine
resulted
nonmonotonic
decrease
(i.e.
nonlinear
dose),
low-fluoxetine
treatment
being
less
responsive
shifts
compared
unexposed
fish.
There
no
difference
between
high-exposed
Further,
significant
interaction
weight
general
activity,
suggesting
presence
mass-specific
effect
fluoxetine.
More
broadly,
contaminant-induced
disruption
animal
behaviour—as
documented
here—could
have
wide-reaching
population-level
fitness.
