Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
28(6), С. 3284 - 3293
Опубликована: Март 7, 2021
Solid
waste
management
is
a
serious
ecological
problem
in
Saudi
Arabia
due
to
rapid
industrialization,
population
growth
and
urbanization.
Recycling
sorting
are
their
infancy
huge
amounts
of
mixed
household
industrial
wastes
still
dumped
without
any
pre-treatment.
techniques
such
as
incineration,
pyrolysis
gasification
have
high
investment
costs.
Composting
vermicomposting
solid
organic
been
considered
an
economically
viable
sustainable
technologies.
However,
often
contain
pollutants,
heavy
metals
that
toxic
decomposer
micro-organisms.
Thus,
challenge
for
the
successful
biological
treatments.
Waste
may
also
mixture
pollutants
certain
microbes,
micro-algae
known
degrade.
The
present
review
paper
focuses
on
understanding
role
tool
mitigating
wastes.
It
noteworthy
mention
microbes
play
pivotal
degradation
process,
wherein
enzymes
secreted
during
process
aid
decomposition
complex
molecules
into
simpler
compounds.
Also,
extracellular
polymeric
substance
by
earthworm
under
metal
stress
serves
source
nutrient
bacteria
flourish.
Henceforth
goal
discussion
shows
way
forward
using
novel
approach
dealing
with
waste.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(31), С. 11357 - 11372
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023
Biochar,
a
carbon
(C)-rich
material
obtained
from
the
thermochemical
conversion
of
biomass
under
oxygen-limited
environments,
has
been
proposed
as
one
most
promising
materials
for
C
sequestration
and
climate
mitigation
in
soil.
The
contribution
biochar
hinges
not
only
on
its
fused
aromatic
structure
but
also
abiotic
biotic
reactions
with
soil
components
across
entire
life
cycle
environment.
For
instance,
minerals
microorganisms
can
deeply
participate
mineralization
or
complexation
labile
(soluble
easily
decomposable)
even
recalcitrant
fractions
biochar,
thereby
profoundly
affecting
cycling
Here
we
identify
five
key
issues
closely
related
to
application
review
outstanding
advances.
Specifically,
terms
use
pyrochar,
hydrochar,
stability
soil,
effect
flux
speciation
changes
emission
nitrogen-containing
greenhouse
gases
induced
by
production
application,
barriers
are
expounded.
By
elaborating
these
critical
issues,
discuss
challenges
knowledge
gaps
that
hinder
our
understanding
provide
outlooks
future
research
directions.
We
suggest
combining
mechanistic
biochar-to-soil
interactions
long-term
field
studies,
while
considering
influence
multiple
factors
processes,
is
essential
bridge
gaps.
Further,
standards
should
be
widely
implemented,
threshold
values
urgently
developed.
Also
needed
comprehensive
prospective
assessments
restricted
account
contributions
contamination
remediation,
quality
improvement,
vegetation
accurately
reflect
total
benefits
Agronomy,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
13(2), С. 542 - 542
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023
Conventional
agriculture
has
important
challenges
to
guarantee
soil
fertility
and
sustainable
food
production.
Many
agricultural
soils
in
the
world
are
degraded
multiple
strategies
currently
being
developed
restore
them.
The
study
of
beneficial
microorganisms
attracted
increasing
interest
due
their
relevant
role
development.
balance
maintenance
ecosystem
services,
such
as
biomass
transformation,
nutrient
cycling,
plant
growth,
health,
directly
dependent
on
microbial
activity.
Therefore,
it
is
promote
its
establishment
propagation.
An
ancient
technique
that
favors
biodiversity
production
application
compost.
While
numerous
studies
have
focused
benefits
cultivation,
fewer
for
microbiota.
objective
this
review
was
elucidate
microbiota
composting
process
impact
agriculture.
presents
advances
knowledge
importance
involved
how
compost
promotes
multiplication
consortia
functions
soils,
shifting
towards
a
more
resilient
Abstract
Globally,
nitrogen
(N)
fertilizer
demand
is
expected
to
reach
112
million
tonnes
support
food
production
for
about
8
billion
people.
However,
more
than
half
of
the
N
lost
environment
with
impacts
on
air,
water
and
soil
quality,
biodiversity.
Importantly,
loss
contributes
greenhouse
gas
emissions
climate
change.
Nevertheless,
where
application
limited,
severe
depletion
fertility
has
become
a
major
constraint
sustainable
agriculture.
To
address
issues
low
use
efficiency
(NUE),
biochar-based
fertilizers
(BBNFs)
have
been
developed
reduce
off-site
maximize
crop
uptake.
These
products
are
generally
made
through
physical
mixing
biochar
or
via
coating
chemical
such
as
prilled
urea
biochar.
This
review
aims
describe
manufacturing
processes
BBNFs,
critically
assess
effects
properties,
yield
pathways.
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