International Journal of Biology and Biomedical Engineering,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
16, С. 330 - 338
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2022
The
mantle
plays
important
role
in
the
mechanism
of
oyster
protection
caused
by
environmental
pollutants.
This
study
aims
to
analyze
effect
water
accommodated
fraction
crude
oil
on
Slipper-Shaped
Oyster
(Crassostrea
iredalei)
at
different
doses
and
time
exposure.
ventral
posterior
segments
were
fixed,
tissue
sections
stained
with
hematoxylin-eosin,
PAS-Periodic
acid–Schiff,
TEM-transmission
electron
microscopy
techniques.
HE-hematoxylin
eosin,
PAS-alcian,
used
characterize
mucosubstances
describe
ultrastructure-related
response
a
certain
part
after
tissues
epithelium,
connective
tissue,
mucus
cells,
pigmented
numerous
hemolymph
sinuses,
shell
formation,
blood
sinus
recognized
under
light
microscope.
mucous
cell
was
excreted
all
concentrations
(control,
12.5,
25,
50,
100%
Water
Acomodate
Fraction)
also
exposure
(24,
48,
72,
96
hours).
A
large
number
cells
produced
inner
cavity
(IMC)
outer
(OMC).
Mucous
increased
increasing
WAF
concentration
as
well
length
time.
highest
observed
Accommodate
Fraction
(WAF)
hours
structure
function
mantle,
edge
cell,
muscle
bundles,
nerve
fibers,
epithelium
layer
documented
this
study.
The
broad
utilisation
of
neonicotinoids
in
agriculture
has
led
to
the
unplanned
contamination
adjacent
terrestrial
and
aquatic
systems
around
world.
Environmental
monitoring
regularly
detects
at
concentrations
that
may
cause
negative
impacts
on
molluscs.
toxicity
some
non-target
invertebrates
been
established;
however,
information
mollusc
species
is
limited.
Molluscs
are
likely
be
exposed
various
soil,
food
water,
which
could
increase
their
vulnerability
other
sources
mortality
accidental
exposure
organisms
higher
chain.
This
review
examines
molluscs,
including
behavioural,
physiological
biochemical
responses.
also
identifies
knowledge
gaps
provides
recommendations
for
future
studies,
ensure
a
more
comprehensive
understanding
from
neonicotinoid
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
478, С. 135459 - 135459
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024
Understanding
the
occurrence
and
fate
of
current-use
pesticides
(CUPs)
in
coastal
open
marine
waters
is
essential
for
conducting
exposure
risk
assessments
to
ensure
protection
ecosystems
from
chemical
pollution.
While
CUPs
have
been
frequently
studied
freshwater
systems,
knowledge
their
behavior
environments
remains
fragmentary.
This
study
investigated
28
across
50
sites
along
a
transect
Baltic
outflow
pristine
Arctic
using
ships
opportunity
with
installed
FerryBox
system.
Overall,
14
were
detected
at
least
one
site
concentrations
ranging
sub-ng/L
ng/L.
CUP
higher
decreased
transect.
Atrazine,
simazine,
tebuconazole,
propiconazole
>
40
%
samples,
including
remote
sea
regions,
suggesting
potential
long-range
transport.
Sea
was
identified
as
major
source
connected
systems.
Additional
outflow,
encompassing
diuron,
isoproturon,
metazachlor,
metolachlor,
pyrazon,
terbuthylazine,
chlortoluron.
Ecotoxicological
assessment
indicated
moderate
posed
by
metolachlor
algae.
The
use
described
infrastructure
holds
great
promise
advancing
our
understanding
environments.
Chemosensors,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
10(8), С. 328 - 328
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2022
Pesticides
are
commonly
used
in
agriculture
and
an
important
factor
of
food
security
for
humankind.
However,
the
overuse
pesticides
can
harm
non-target
organisms,
and,
thus,
it
is
vital
to
comprehensively
study
their
effects
on
different
metabolic
pathways
living
organisms.
In
present
study,
enzyme-inhibition-based
assays
have
been
investigate
commercial
pesticide
formulations
key
enzymes
which
catalyze
a
wide
variety
reactions
(protein
catabolism,
lactic
acid
fermentation,
alcohol
metabolism,
conduction
nerve
impulses,
etc.).
Assay
conditions
optimized,
limitations
methods
related
choice
solvent
optical
occurring
when
mixed
with
solutions
substrates
assay
systems,
revealed.
The
simple
chemoenzymatic
systems
(single-enzyme
reactions)
compared
complex
multicomponent
molecular
(multi-enzyme
organisms
(luminescent
bacterium).
vitro
shown
higher
sensitivity
exposure
than
vivo
system.
increases
elongation
chain
conjugated
reactions.
exerted
by
same
active
ingredient
but
produced
manufacturers
system
functions
found
differ
from
each
other.
Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
use
of
effective
fungicides,
such
as
propiconazole,
a
high-efficacy
and
broad-spectrum
systemic
fungicide,
has
been
common
commercial
strategy
to
combat
fungal
diseases.
However,
their
indiscriminate
uncontrolled
provokes
phytotoxicity
in
plant
roots.
Therefore,
the
objective
this
study
is
reduce
root
triazole
fungicides
through
nanoencapsulation
biodegradable
polylactic
acid
polymer
matrices.
Using
emulsion
solvent
evaporation
encapsulation
method,
obtained
nanoparticles
had
hydrodynamic
diameter
approximately
200
400
nm,
an
efficiency
around
40%,
smooth
surface,
zeta
potential
close
-40
mV,
having
great
colloidal
stability.
Experiments
with
Arabidopsis
thaliana
demonstrated
that
fungicide
derived
from
propiconazole
reduced
its
phytotoxicity,
increasing
length
roots
over
70%
more
than
when
molecule
was
applied
directly,
losing
only
about
15%
antifungal
activity,
shown
by
test
performed
on
Fusarium
solani
.
This
suggests
matrices
acts
protective
mechanism
for
roots,
which
may
have
practical
applications
crop
protection
promotion
sustainable
agriculture.
further
research
needed
evaluate
efficacy
under
field
conditions
long-term
environmental
impact.
