Global trends in the number and diversity of managed pollinator species

Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 322, С. 107653 - 107653

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2021

Cultivation of pollinator-dependent crops has expanded globally, increasing our reliance on insect pollination. This essential ecosystem service is provided by a wide range managed and wild pollinators whose abundance diversity are thought to be in decline, threatening sustainable food production. The Western honey bee (Apis mellifera) amongst the best-monitored insects but state other less well known. Here, we review status trends all based publicly accessible databases published literature. We found that, global scale, number A. mellifera colonies increased 85% since 1961, driven mainly Asia. contrasts with high reported colony overwinter mortality, especially North America (average 26% 2007) Europe 16% 2007). Increasing agricultural dependency as threats associated managing non-native have likely spurred interest management alternative species for pollination, including bumble bees, stingless solitary flies that higher efficiency pollinating specific crops. identify 66 been, or considered potential be, crop seven subspecies currently commercially produced pollination greenhouse-grown tomatoes two trap-nested New Zealand. Other use include eight (mainly services orchards alfalfa fields) three fly used enclosures seed production). Additional each taxonomic category under consideration pollinator management. Examples 15 able buzz-pollinate, will enclosures, some which history production; their not yet established. To ensure sustainable, integrated landscapes, risks, benefits novel must considered. We, therefore, urge prioritization biodiversity-friendly measures maintaining native provide resilience future environmental changes.

Язык: Английский

---

Glyphosate impairs collective thermoregulation in bumblebees

Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 376(6597), С. 1122 - 1126

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2022

Insects are facing a multitude of anthropogenic stressors, and the recent decline in their biodiversity is threatening ecosystems economies across globe. We investigated impact glyphosate, most commonly used herbicide worldwide, on bumblebees. Bumblebee colonies maintain brood at high temperatures via active thermogenesis, prerequisite for colony growth reproduction. Using within-colony comparative approach to examine effects long-term glyphosate exposure both individual collective thermoregulation, we found that whereas weak level individual, ability necessary decreased by more than 25% during periods resource limitation. For pollinators our heavily stressed ecosystems, carries hidden costs have so far been largely overlooked.

Язык: Английский

---

Indirect Effects of the Herbicide Glyphosate on Plant, Animal and Human Health Through its Effects on Microbial Communities

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9

Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2021

The herbicide glyphosate interferes with the shikimate pathway in plants and major groups of microorganisms impeding production aromatic amino acids. Glyphosate application on results a slow death, accelerated by reduced resistance to root pathogens. Extensive use has resulted increasing residues soil waterways. Although direct effects animals are limited, concerns have arisen about indirect harmful side effects. In this paper, we focus sublethal concentrations plant, animal human health due shifts microbial community compositions successive habitats. Research communities soil, rhizosphere guts been contradictory different integration levels studied. Most studies tested short-term treatment biomass or general composition at higher taxonomic intestinal tracts, found little effect. More detailed showed reductions specific genera species as well biological processes after application. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria beneficial bacteria often negatively affected, while pathogenic fungi enhanced. Such implicated enhanced susceptibility Fusarium Rhizoctonia , birds mammals toxic Clostridium Salmonella species, bees Serratia Deformed Wing Virus. humans, exposure urine associated diseases neurological endocrine problems, but cause-effect relationships need be determined more detail. Nevertheless, outbreaks several plant related accumulation environment. Long-term underreported, new standards will needed for products

Язык: Английский

---

The Present and Future of Insect Biodiversity Conservation in the Neotropics: Policy Gaps and Recommendations

Neotropical Entomology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(3), С. 407 - 421

Опубликована: Март 14, 2023

Abstract Emerging evidence suggests that insect populations may be declining at local and global scales, threatening the sustainability of ecosystem services insects provide. Insect declines are particular concern in Neotropics, which holds several world’s hotspots endemism diversity. Conservation policies one way to prevent mitigate declines, yet these usually biased toward vertebrate species. Here, we outline some key policy instruments for biodiversity conservation Neotropics discuss their potential contribution shortcomings conservation. These include species-specific action policies, protected areas Indigenous Community Conserved Areas (ICCAs), sectoral offsetting, market-based mechanisms, international underpin efforts. We highlight although can potentially benefit indirectly, there avenues could better incorporate specific needs into mentioned above. propose improvement. Firstly, evaluating extinction risk more Neotropical target at-risk species with conserve habitats within area-based interventions. Secondly, alternative pest control methods enhanced monitoring a range land-based production sectors. Thirdly, incorporating measurable achievable targets conventions. Finally, emphasise important roles community engagement public awareness achieving improvements policies.

Язык: Английский

---

Terrestrial ecotoxicity of glyphosate, its formulations, and co-formulants: evidence from 2010–2023

Environmental Sciences Europe, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2023

Abstract Glyphosate (GLY), the most widely used herbicide in world, is frequently detected various environmental matrices, including soil, foundation of agriculture. In practice, more than 2000 GLY-based (GBH) products are used, consisting one or active ingredients (AIs) and so-called “inert” co-formulants that increase efficacy AIs. However, focus ecotoxicological assessments mainly on AIs, while organisms exposed to complex pesticide formulations under real-world conditions. Overall, effects non-target indicate a broad range biochemical physiological modes action, which contrasts with general assumption herbicides specific act only target plants. Both GLY alone GBHs have unintended side-effects many terrestrial organisms, plants, microorganisms, insects, spiders, earthworms, as well vertebrates such amphibians, reptiles, mammals. One triggering mechanisms for these oxidative stress consequences parameters DNA damage. addition, disruptions physiological, behavioral ecological processes been reported. Most studies examined short-term single application GLY/GBH species. agricultural practice applying two three times during cultivation season over an extended period time, interactions other pesticides agrochemicals applied same field, within field landscape rarely considered. vast majority cases, toxicity exceeds GLY, demonstrating supposedly inert either toxic their own right interact add The chemical diversity different non-disclosure make it difficult attribute substances GBH. Moreover, impurities (e.g., heavy metals arsenic, chromium, cobalt) pose additional environment food safety risks. These impacts even critical because so distributed worldwide pollutants stressors. Based available literature ecotoxicity, given drastic decline biodiversity, we conclude continued high use GBHs, resulting increased exposure risk, cannot be considered ecologically sustainable.

Язык: Английский

---

Toxicity of glyphosate to animals: A meta-analytical approach

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 347, С. 123669 - 123669

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Glyphosate (GLY)-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most commonly applied pesticide worldwide, and non-target organisms (e.g., animals) now regularly exposed to GLY GBHs due accumulation of these chemicals in many environments. Although GLY/GBH was previously considered be non-toxic, growing evidence indicates that negatively affects some animal taxa. However, there has been no systematic analysis quantifying its toxicity animals. Therefore, we used a meta-analytical approach determine whether is demonstrable effect across We further addressed effects vary (1) taxon (invertebrate vs. vertebrate), (2) habitat (aquatic terrestrial), (3) type biological response (behavior physiology survival), (4) dosage or concentration GLY/GBH. Using this approach, also determined adjuvants surfactants) commercial formulations increased for animals relative exposure alone. analyzed 1282 observations from 121 articles. conclude generally sub-lethally toxic animals, particularly aquatic marine habitats, did not exhibit dose-dependency. Yet, our analyses detected widespread publication bias so encourage continued experimental investigations better understand factors influencing

Язык: Английский

---

Pesticide impacts on insect pollinators: Current knowledge and future research challenges

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 954, С. 176656 - 176656

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Toxicological assessment of agrochemicals on bees using machine learning tools

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 424, С. 127344 - 127344

Опубликована: Сен. 27, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Does pesticide use in agriculture present a risk to the terrestrial biota?

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 861, С. 160715 - 160715

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2022

Язык: Английский

---

Degradation of commercial glyphosate-based herbicide via advanced oxidative processes in aqueous media and phytotoxicity evaluation using maize seeds

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 840, С. 156656 - 156656

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

---