Pesticides impacts on human health and the environment with their mechanisms of action and possible countermeasures

Heliyon, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(7), С. e29128 - e29128

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Pesticides are chemical constituents used to prevent or control pests, including insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, and other unwanted organisms. Despite their advantages in crop production disease management, the use of pesticides poses significant hazards environment public health. Pesticide elements have now perpetually entered our atmosphere subsequently contaminated water, food, soil, leading health threats ranging from acute chronic toxicities. can cause toxicity if a high dose is inhaled, ingested, comes into contact with skin eyes, while prolonged recurrent exposure leads toxicity. produce different types toxicity, for instance, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, endocrine disruption. The pesticide formulation may depend on specific active ingredient presence synergistic inert compounds that enhance modify its Safety concerns need hour contemporary pesticide-induced hazards. effectiveness implementation current legislature providing ample protection human key concerns. This review explored comprehensive summary regarding updated impacts advanced safety legislation. Implementing regulations, proper training, education help mitigate negative promote safer more sustainable agricultural practices.

Язык: Английский

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Aquatic ecotoxicity of glyphosate, its formulations, and co-formulants: evidence from 2010 to 2023

Environmental Sciences Europe, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Abstract Glyphosate (GLY), the most widely used herbicide active ingredient (AI) in world, is frequently detected aquatic environments where it can affect non-target organisms. Globally, more than 2000 commercial GLY-based herbicides (GBHs) are to control weeds. Non-target organisms exposed complex pesticide formulations under real environmental conditions, but co-formulants contained GBHs classified as so-called inert and inactive ingredients terms of their biological effects. The main objective this comprehensive review compile results ecotoxicological studies on side-effects GLY, GBHs, formulating agents. Based demonstrated for a variety plant animal organisms, oxidative stress appears be major trigger these adverse effects, affecting integrity DNA other biochemical functions. Furthermore, there evidence impairment various physiological behavioral Adverse effects GLY have been observed even at very low concentrations. There also differences sensitivity tested, with similar lifestyles, habitats or identical taxa. typically investigate short-term single exposure GLY/GBH species, whilst reality multiple applications together pesticides common during cropping cycle. Moreover, interactions between GLY/GBHs contaminants rarely studied. Higher toxicity compared alone has often observed, demonstrating that highly toxic own markedly increase GBH formulation. possible impurities such heavy metals, cause additional problems environment food safety. widespread massive use leads increased hazards. In addition, need revision risk assessment system emphasized. According studies, current pollution by problematic cannot considered environmentally sustainable. It is, therefore, necessary least tighten permitted forms use.

Язык: Английский

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Current Insights into Sublethal Effects of Pesticides on Insects

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(11), С. 6007 - 6007

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

The effect of pesticides on insects is often discussed in terms acute and chronic toxicity, but an important overlooked aspect the impact sublethal doses insect physiology behavior. Pesticides can influence various physiological parameters insects, including innate immune system, development, reproduction, through a combination direct effects specific exposed tissues modification behaviors that contribute to health reproductive success. Such include mobility, feeding, oviposition, navigation, ability detect pheromones. also have profound learning memory. precise depend many different factors, species, age, sex, caste, condition, as well type concentration active ingredients exposure route. More studies are needed assess (and combinations thereof) wider range species understand how decline. This review reflects our current knowledge about advancements development innovative methods them.

Язык: Английский

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Competition moderates impact of anthelmintic-contaminated soil on growth and fitness of temperate grassland species

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 968, С. 178786 - 178786

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

In animal husbandry, the macrocyclic lactone anthelmintic moxidectin is commonly used and may accumulate in pasture soils, potentially impacting plant growth fitness. To investigate these effects while considering competition, we conducted a completely randomised pot experiment. We grew four temperate grassland species - Achillea ptarmica, Agrostis capillaris, Dianthus deltoides, Plantago lanceolata separately pots, with soil treated formulated at three concentration levels (0.1, 1, 5 μg g-1) or left untreated (control). half of added dominant grass Poa pratensis as competitor. Over full period greenhouse, measured morphological traits: above-ground biomass (APB), specific leaf area (SLA), intact (ILA). Moxidectin concentrations parts were analysed using HPLC. Results showed that was absorbed by roots transported to parts. At highest (5 g-1), APB ILA reduced 14.4 % 19.8 %, respectively, compared controls, SLA increased 12.2 %. Anthelmintic varied competition; for APB, significant noted only absence competition out species. The increases reductions g-1 occurred without one species, respectively. These findings suggest contamination residues can negatively affect fitness plants, particularly low-competition areas, such open patches, which serve protective microsites recruitment.

Язык: Английский

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Toxicity of glyphosate to animals: A meta-analytical approach

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 347, С. 123669 - 123669

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Glyphosate (GLY)-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most commonly applied pesticide worldwide, and non-target organisms (e.g., animals) now regularly exposed to GLY GBHs due accumulation of these chemicals in many environments. Although GLY/GBH was previously considered be non-toxic, growing evidence indicates that negatively affects some animal taxa. However, there has been no systematic analysis quantifying its toxicity animals. Therefore, we used a meta-analytical approach determine whether is demonstrable effect across We further addressed effects vary (1) taxon (invertebrate vs. vertebrate), (2) habitat (aquatic terrestrial), (3) type biological response (behavior physiology survival), (4) dosage or concentration GLY/GBH. Using this approach, also determined adjuvants surfactants) commercial formulations increased for animals relative exposure alone. analyzed 1282 observations from 121 articles. conclude generally sub-lethally toxic animals, particularly aquatic marine habitats, did not exhibit dose-dependency. Yet, our analyses detected widespread publication bias so encourage continued experimental investigations better understand factors influencing

Язык: Английский

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The impact of the herbicide glyphosate and its metabolites AMPA and MPA on the metabolism and functions of human blood neutrophils and their sex-dependent effects on reactive oxygen species and CXCL8/IL-8 production

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 252, С. 118831 - 118831

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024

Significant levels of glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide, and its primary metabolites, AMPA MPA, are detected in various human organs body fluids, including blood. Several studies have associated presence glyphosate humans with health problems, effects on immune cells their functions been reported. However, impact this molecule metabolites neutrophils, abundant leukocytes bloodstream, is still poorly documented. We isolated neutrophils from donor blood investigated exposure to AMPA, MPA viability, energy metabolism, essential antimicrobial vitro. observed that neutrophil viability was unaffected at blood-relevant average concentrations general population exposed workers, as well higher intoxication concentrations. Neutrophil metabolism also not altered following chemicals. while phagocytosis unaffected, reactive oxygen species generation CXCL8/IL-8 production were by molecules. Alterations function differed according sex donors, which could be linked glyphosate's known role an endocrine disruptor. While ROS increased both sexes, male had intracellular CXCL8/IL-8, no effect female neutrophils. Conversely, decreased extracellular chemokine only increasing chemoattractant N-formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine. Our study highlights problems future provide a better understanding risks use. Advances knowledge will enable potentially stricter regulations protect public.

Язык: Английский

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A review of organophosphonates, their natural and anthropogenic sources, environmental fate and impact on microbial greenhouse gases emissions – Identifying knowledge gaps

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 355, С. 120453 - 120453

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Zno-Nanostructured Electrochemical Sensor for Efficient Detection of Glyphosate in Water

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Glyphosate is a widely used broad-spectrum herbicide for controlling grassy weeds, but its potential hazards remain topic of significant debate. Despite concerns, glyphosate still commonly highlighting that methods rutine detection in environmental samples are imperatively required. Herein, we report on solid-state electrochemical sensor based ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) on-site glyphosate. Accordingly, NPs was drop-cast the surface disposable screen-printed carbon electrode. Eco-friendly only 7 nm crystallite sizes were obtained by green sol-gel synthesis using lemon (Citrus limon) waste aqueous extract as reducing and capping/stabilizing agent Zn nitrate precursor. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed successful electrode functionalization with synthesized nanoparticles. Under laboratory conditions acetate buffer (pH 5), demonstrated excellent selectivity sensitivity, limit 0.648 µM, wide linear range (0.5 µM to 7.5 mM), rapid time 30 minutes. When tested river water, achieved 0.96 differential pulse voltammetry. It also exceptionally tolerated interference from similar organophosphorus compounds ions found water. The performance attributed strong coordination interactions between atoms phosphonate/carboxylate groups enhanced hydrogen bond at acidic pH, determined chemical calculations. This offers cost-effective, efficient, environmentally friendly solution monitoring water systems.

Язык: Английский

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Hypothesis: glyphosate-based herbicides can increase risk of hematopoietic malignancies through extended persistence in bone

Environmental Sciences Europe, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 37(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Characterization of Glyphosate Resistance and Degradation Profile of Caballeronia zhejiangensis CEIB S4-3 and Genes Involved in Its Degradation

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(3), С. 651 - 651

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Herbicides are the most employed pesticides in agriculture worldwide; among them, glyphosate is successful herbicide molecule history. The extensive use of has been related to environmental pollution and toxic effects on non-target organisms. Effective remediation treatment alternatives must be developed reduce presence its adverse effects. Bioremediation using microorganisms proposed as a feasible alternative for treating pollution; due this, identifying characterizing capable biodegrading key task bioremediation polluted sites by this herbicide. This study characterized resistance profile degradation capacity bacterial strain Caballeronia zhejiangensis CEIB S4-3. According results growth inhibition assays agar plates, C. S4-3 can resist exposure high concentrations glyphosate, up 1600 mg/L glyphosate-based (GBH) formulation, 12,000 analytical-grade molecule. In assay liquid media, resisted all evaluated (25–400 mg/L). After 48 h exposure, GBH caused important (>80%) at between 100 400 mg/L, while inhibitions below 15% tested concentrations. Finally, was degrading 60% supplemented culture media (50 mg/L), when used sole carbon source, twelve hours; moreover, also degrade primary metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). Genomic analysis revealed genes associated with two reported metabolic pathways degradation, sarcosine AMPA pathways. first report metabolism genus strain. from investigation demonstrate that exhibits significant potential biodegradation, suggesting applicability strategies targeting contaminant.

Язык: Английский

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