Valorization of used cooking oil: challenges, current developments, life cycle assessment and future prospects

Discover Sustainability, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 6(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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PM2.5 chemical composition and health risks by inhalation near a chemical complex

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 124, С. 860 - 874

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2022

Particulate matter (PM2.5) samples were collected in the vicinity of an industrial chemical pole and analysed for organic elemental carbon (OC EC), 47 trace elements around 150 constituents. On average, OC EC accounted 25.2% 11.4% PM2.5 mass, respectively. Organic compounds comprised polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkylated PAHs, anhydrosugars, phenolics, ketones, glycerol derivatives, aliphatic alcohols, sterols, carboxyl groups, including aromatic, carboxylic dicarboxylic acids. Enrichment factors > 100 obtained Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Sn, B, Se, Bi, Sb Mo, showing contribution emissions nearby major roads. Principal component analysis revealed that vehicle, biomass burning 66%, 11% 9%, respectively, total PM2.5-bound PAHs. Some detected constituents are likely associated with plasticiser ingredients thermal stabilisers used manufacture PVC other plastics complex. Photooxidation products both anthropogenic (e.g., toluene) biogenic isoprene pinenes) precursors also observed. It was estimated 13.8% concentrations secondary represented 37.6% OC. The lifetime cancer risk from inhalation exposure to PAHs found be negligible, but it exceeded threshold 10-6 metal(loi)s, mainly due Cr As.

Язык: Английский

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In-kitchen aerosol exposure in twelve cities across the globe

Environment International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 162, С. 107155 - 107155

Опубликована: Март 9, 2022

Poor ventilation and polluting cooking fuels in low-income homes cause high exposure, yet relevant global studies are limited. We assessed exposure to in-kitchen particulate matter (PM2.5 PM10) employing similar instrumentation 60 across 12 cities: Dhaka (Bangladesh); Chennai (India); Nanjing (China); Medellín (Colombia); São Paulo (Brazil); Cairo (Egypt); Sulaymaniyah (Iraq); Addis Ababa (Ethiopia); Akure (Nigeria); Blantyre (Malawi); Dar-es-Salaam (Tanzania) Nairobi (Kenya). Exposure profiles of kitchen occupants showed that fuel, volume, type were the most prominent factors affecting exposure. Different cuisines resulted varying durations disproportional exposures. Occupants Dhaka, Nanjing, spent > 40% their time frying (the highest particle emitting activity) compared with ∼ 68% boiling/stewing Cairo, Akure. The average PM2.5 (PM10) concentrations 185 ± 48 (220 58) μg m-3 owing small extensive prolonged lowest 10 3 (14 2) m-3. Dual (mechanical natural) Chennai, reduced PM10 by 2.3- 1.8-times natural (open doors) Ababa, Dar-es-Salam Nairobi. Using charcoal during (Addis Nairobi) increased levels 1.3- 3.1-times using gas (Nanjing, Medellin Cairo) LPG (Chennai, Sao Sulaymaniyah), respectively. Smaller-volume kitchens (<15 m3; Nanjing) larger-volume counterparts (Medellin, Sulaymaniyah). Potential doses for Asian, followed African, Middle-eastern South American homes. recommend exhaust extraction, cleaner fuels, awareness on improved practices minimising passive occupancy mitigate harmful emissions.

Язык: Английский

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Charting the landscape of the environmental exposome

iMeta, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 1(4)

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2022

Abstract The exposome depicts the total exposures in lifetime of an organism. Human comprises from environmental and humanistic sources. Biological, chemical, physical pose potential health threats, especially to susceptible populations. Although still its nascent stage, we are beginning recognize vast dynamic nature exposome. In this review, systematically summarize biological chemical exposomes three broad matrices—air, soil, water; each contains several distinct subcategories, along with a brief introduction Disease‐related highlighted, humans also major source disease‐related exposures. We further discuss interactions between biological, exposomes. Finally, propose list outstanding challenges under research framework that need be addressed move field forward. Taken together, present detailed landscape prime researchers join exciting new field.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-class organic pollutants in atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) from a Southwestern Europe industrial area: Levels, sources and human health risk

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 214, С. 114195 - 114195

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2022

The occurrence of 50 multi-class pollutants comprising 18 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 12 phthalate esters (PAEs), organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), 6 synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) and 2 bisphenols was studied in atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) samples collected at an industrial area focused on automotive manufacturing located the Southwestern Atlantic European region (Vigo city, Spain) during 1-year period. Among all quantitated PM2.5 samples, bisphenol A (BPA) most predominant with average concentration 6180 pg m-3, followed by PAHs benzo(b+j)fluoranthene (BbF + BjF) benzo(g,h,i)perylene (BghiP), accounting for 546 m-3 413 respectively. In addition, two OPFRs concerning tris(chloropropyl) phosphate (TCPP) triphenyl phosphine oxide (TPPO) were next following order, 411 367 respectively; being butyl benzyl (BBP) profuse PAE (56.1 average). High relative standard deviations (RSDs) observed whole sampling period, while statistically significant differences only concentrations cold warm seasons. Furthermore, some water-soluble ions metal(oid)s analysed to be used as PM source tracers, whose quite below target levels set current legislation. Data obtained from principal component analysis (PCA) molecular indices suggested a pyrogenic petrogenic origin PAHs, whereas remaining seems attributed resources activity settled area. Moreover, although substantial anthropogenic observed, marine soil resuspension contributions also accounted. Finally, carcinogenic non-carcinogenic risks posed PM2.5-bound inhalation assessed, both averages within safe level considering

Язык: Английский

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Non-target scanning of organics from cooking emissions using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC×GC-MS)

Applied Geochemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 151, С. 105601 - 105601

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Numerical simulation of industrial gas burners fueled with hydrogen-methane mixtures for enhanced combustion efficiency and reduced greenhouse gas emissions

Fuel, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 370, С. 131807 - 131807

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Food contaminants: Impact of food processing, challenges and mitigation strategies for food security

Food Research International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 191, С. 114739 - 114739

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Making the Invisible Visible: The Impact of Revealing Indoor Air Pollution on Behavior and Welfare

SSRN Electronic Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Impact of cooking style and oil on semi-volatile and intermediate volatility organic compound emissions from Chinese domestic cooking

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(15), С. 9827 - 9841

Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2022

Abstract. To elucidate the molecular chemical compositions, volatility–polarity distributions, and influencing factors of Chinese cooking emissions, a comprehensive emission experiment was conducted. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), intermediate volatility, semi-volatile (I/SVOCs) from fumes were analysed by thermal desorption two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with quadrupole mass spectrometer (TD-GC × GC-qMS). Emissions four typical dishes, i.e. fried chicken, Kung Pao pan-fried tofu, stir-fried cabbage investigated to illustrate impact style material. Fumes chicken corn, peanut, soybean, sunflower oils demonstrate influence oil. A total 201 chemicals quantified. emitted more pollutants than other dishes due its rather intense method. Aromatics oxygenated extensively detected among meat-related fumes, while vegetable-related profile observed in emissions cabbage. Ozone formation potential (OFP) dominated VOC range. Of secondary aerosol (SOA) estimation, 10.2 %–32.0 % could be explained S/IVOCs. Pixel-based partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) multiway principal component (MPCA) utilized for sample classification identification. The results indicated that oil factor variance compositions factor. MPCA emphasize importance unsaturated fatty acid-alkadienal-volatile products mechanism (oil autoxidation) accelerated heating procedure.

Язык: Английский

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