Number of growth days and not length of the growth period determines radial stem growth of temperate trees

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 25(2), С. 427 - 439

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2021

Radial stem growth dynamics at seasonal resolution are essential to understand how forests respond climate change. We studied daily radial of 160 individuals seven temperate tree species 47 sites across Switzerland over 8 years. Growth all peaked in the early part season and commenced shortly before summer solstice, but with species-specific patterns. Day length set a window opportunity for growth. Within this window, probability was constrained particularly by air soil moisture, resulting intermittent occur only on 29 77 days (30% 80%) within period. The number largely determined annual growth, whereas period contributed less. call accounting these non-linear intra-annual forest models reduce uncertainties predictions under

Язык: Английский

---

Distinct Responses of European Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) to Drought Intensity and Length—A Review of the Impacts of the 2003 and 2018–2019 Drought Events in Central Europe

Forests, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(2), С. 248 - 248

Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2023

A combined severe heatwave and drought, starting in 2018 lasting for several months, restarted the discussion on resistance of European beech to climatic changes, with growth reductions, early leaf senescence, browning, diebacks reported across Central Europe. These responses may result long-term impacts such as reduced vitality beech, especially under potential future drought periods. While 2003 caused crown damage defoliation a loss vitality, resulting insect fungal infestations subsequent dieback, was even more terms geographical scale, duration, intensity reports complete mortality were exacerbated some regions by consecutive 2019 secondary attacks from pathogens, well further vitality. Such enhanced exposure trees could push them beyond their hydraulic safety margins. Moreover, legacy effects due past droughts lead lower recovery over time, potentially leading tree death. In order better predict Europe, both short- influence post-drought should be explored, adaptive forest management strategies evaluated. synergistic or additive interactions biotic disturbances, require investigation. Long-term monitoring data facilitates investigations beech.

Язык: Английский

---

The tree-ring width and interval trend values as indicators of sensitivity to temperature and precipitation in different provenances of European larch

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Abstract The study assessed the sensitivity of 20 provenances European larch ( Larix decidua Mill.) growing at provenance experimental trials located in lowland (Siemianice) and upland (Bliżyn) climate Central Poland to air temperature precipitation, including drought. measure tree’ was their radial growth reactions, i.e. changes years 1971–2015. We found that rainwater supplies a soil stored autumn previous year, length season thermal conditions its beginning, as well moisture year tree ring formation had significant impact on wood volume formed by larches, regardless origin climatic region which they grew. degree homogeneity reactions precipitation deficit high lowest warmer drier lowlands Poland. Larch with highest values drought resilience components (resistance, recovery, resilience, relative growth) originated different regions Greater resistance observed trial uplands. index seems be most helpful predicting future studied provenances, consequently viability survival, this showed variability among trees given often significantly between pairs provenances.

Язык: Английский

---

Impact of microclimatic conditions and resource availability on spring and autumn phenology of temperate tree seedlings

New Phytologist, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 232(2), С. 537 - 550

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2021

Microclimatic effects (light, temperature) are often neglected in phenological studies and little information is known about the impact of resource availability (nutrient water) on tree's cycles. Here we experimentally studied spring autumn phenology four temperate trees response to changes bud albedo (white-painted vs black-painted buds), light conditions (nonshaded c. 70% shaded), water (irrigated, control reduced precipitation) nutrients (low high availability). We found that higher or shade delayed budburst (up +12 d), indicating temperature sensed locally within each bud. Leaf senescence was by nutrient +7 d) +39 all species, except oak. Autumn responses summer droughts depended with a delay for cherry (+7 an advance beech (-7 d). The strong exposure reveal important role microclimatic variation phenology. In addition photoperiod effects, our results suggest tight interplay between source sink processes regulating end seasonal vegetation cycle, which can be largely influenced nutrients).

Язык: Английский

---

Summer drought exposure, stand structure, and soil properties jointly control the growth of European beech along a steep precipitation gradient in northern Germany

Global Change Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(3), С. 763 - 779

Опубликована: Ноя. 25, 2022

Abstract Increasing exposure to climate warming‐related drought and heat threatens forest vitality in many regions on earth, with the trees' vulnerability likely depending local climatic aridity, recent trends, edaphic conditions, acclimatization adaptation of populations. Studies exploring tree species' change often have a focus or model entire distribution range, which hampers separation drivers vulnerability. We compared radial growth trends sensitivity central populations widespread naturally dominant species Europe, European beech ( Fagus sylvatica ), at 30 sites across steep precipitation gradient (500–850 mm year −1 ) short length assess adaptive potential. Size‐standardized basal area increment remained more constant during period accelerated warming since early 1980s >360 growing season (April–September), while were negative <360 mm. Climatic June appeared as most influential factor affecting growth, stronger effect drier sites. A decadal decrease water balance summer was identified important leading decline, is amplified by higher stem densities. Inter‐annual variability has increased 1980s, generally sandier Similarly, within‐population synchrony balance. Our results caution against predicting trees solely from projections, soil properties emerged an modulating factor. conclude that facing decline centre its driven change‐related aridification.

Язык: Английский

---

Winners and losers of climate warming: Declining growth in Fagus and Tilia vs. stable growth in three Quercus species in the natural beech–oak forest ecotone (western Romania)

Forest Ecology and Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 506, С. 119892 - 119892

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2022

Global warming and increasing drought severity are exposing temperate forests to stress, challenging silvicultural decision making. Growth analyses in marginal tree populations at drought-induced range limits may provide valuable information on species' adaptive potentials species-specific climate turning points. We studied the sensitivity resilience of radial growth, long-term growth trends mesic rear-edge Fagus sylvatica comparison three oak species (Quercus petraea, Q. frainetto, cerris) Tilia tomentosa natural ecotones from beech xeric along elevation transects western Romania. Radial all was positively influenced by summer precipitation low intensity, negatively high temperatures. The basal area increment (BAI) F. T. has declined last 10–20 years with a deterioration water balance, while Quercus maintained stable rates, though lower BAI levels, suggesting negative relationship between mean resistance among five species. reductions during severe events (2000, 2003, 2012) were stronger, lower, than species, pointing thermal limit June–August temperatures 20–21 °C. As is similar predicted colline/submontane Central Europe about 50 years, decline vitality likely also drought-affected regions distribution centre future warming. Our results demonstrate that choosing stress-tolerant petraea (as well as frainetto instead more productive timber relatively safe option for European forestry warmer climate.

Язык: Английский

---

Leaf thermal tolerance and sensitivity of temperate tree species are correlated with leaf physiological and functional drought resistance traits

Journal of Forestry Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 34(1), С. 63 - 76

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023

Abstract Climate change is causing more frequent and severe climatic events, such as extreme heat co-occurring drought, potentially accelerating tree mortality. Which species will cope better with those events still being researched. This study focuses on a physiological stress factor interspecific variation of thermal tolerance sensitivity traits in 15 temperate coniferous broad-leaved species. We investigate (1) whether correlate drought-related trait, particularly the leaf turgor loss point (π tlp , wilting point), (2) how co-vary within different tree-functional types classified by morphological leaf, i.e., mass per area (LMA) percentage (PLA). The was carried out Traunstein Forest Dynamics Plot ForestGEO network Germany. temperature response maximum quantum yield photosystem II ( F v / m ) discs determined, from which various were estimated, one breaking T 5 ), at declines 5%. Additionally, 50% 50 95% 95 decline evaluated. width between (DW T50−T5 taken an indicator species’ sensitivity. ranged 35.4 ± 3.0 to 47.9 3.9 °C among investigated 46.1 0.4 53.6 0.7 °C. A large found. European ash Fraxinus excelsior L.) most heat-sensitive species, while Wild cherry Prunus avium least Species negative π tended have higher than less . lower characterized LMA, high PLA found low Accordingly, thicker tougher leaves coincides point. conclude that develop drought-adapted foliage can stress. Further, they might be able maintain transpirational cooling during combined drought stress, could lessen their mortality risk extremes.

Язык: Английский

---

Revealing legacy effects of extreme droughts on tree growth of oaks across the Northern Hemisphere

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 926, С. 172049 - 172049

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Forests are undergoing increasing risks of drought-induced tree mortality. Species replacement patterns following mortality may have a significant impact on the global carbon cycle. Among major hardwoods, deciduous oaks (Quercus spp.) increasingly reported as replacing dying conifers across Northern Hemisphere. Yet, our knowledge growth responses these to drought is incomplete, especially regarding post-drought legacy effects. The objectives this study were determine occurrence, duration, and magnitude effects extreme droughts how that vary species, sites, characteristics. quantified by deviation observed from expected radial indices in period 1940–2016. We used stand-level chronologies 458 sites 21 oak species primarily Europe, north-eastern America, eastern Asia. found could last 1 5 years after more prolonged dry sites. Negative (i.e., lower than expected) prevalent repetitive effect was stronger Mediterranean Quercus faginea. Species-specific analyses revealed Q. petraea macrocarpa negatively affected while several mesic increased during years. Sites showing positive correlations winter temperature showed little no depression drought, whereas with correlation previous summer water balance decreased growth. This indicate although warming favors droughts, previous-year precipitation predispose trees current-year droughts. Our results massive role determining highlighted sensitivity climate, seasonality species-specific traits drive species.

Язык: Английский

---

A multi-criteria drought resistance assessment of temperate Acer, Carpinus, Fraxinus, Quercus, and Tilia species

Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 62, С. 125777 - 125777

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Drought resistance of major tree species in the Czech Republic

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 348, С. 109933 - 109933

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

---