Abstract.
Atmospheric
brown
carbon
(BrC)
makes
a
substantial
contribution
to
aerosol
light
absorption
and
thus
global
radiative
forcing.
Although
BrC
may
change
the
lifetime
of
clouds
ultimately
affect
precipitation,
little
is
known
regarding
optical
properties
formation
in
clouds.
In
present
study,
light-absorption
cloud
droplet
residual
(cloud
RES)
were
measured
by
coupled
ground-based
counterflow
virtual
impactor
(GCVI)
an
aethalometer
(AE-33),
addition
interstitial
INT)
ambient
(cloud-free)
particles
PM2.5
inlet-AE-33
at
Mt.
Tianjing
(1690âmâa.s.l.),
remote
mountain
site
southern
China,
from
November
DecemberÂ
2020.
Meanwhile,
fluorescence
water-soluble
organic
(WSOC)
collected
water
samples
also
obtained,
associated
with
concentration
ions.
The
mean
coefficient
(Abs370)
RES,
INT,
cloud-free
0.25â±â0.15,
1.16â±â1.14,
1.47â±â1.23âMmâ1,
respectively.
Abs365
WSOC
was
0.11â±â0.08âMmâ1
0.40â±â0.31âMm2.5,
corresponding
mass
efficiency
(MAE365)
0.17â±â0.07
0.31â±â0.21âm2âgR
squared
(MRS)
method
dominated
(67â%â85â%),
rather
than
(11â%â16â%)
(9â%â23â%)
particles.
It
indicate
secondary
during
processing.
Supporting
evidence
includes
enhanced
dominant
biomass
burning
factor
(>80â%)
provided
positive
matrix
factorization
(PMF)
analysis.
addition,
we
showed
that
closely
related
humic-like
substances
tyrosine-like
and/or
protein-like
class="inline-formula">r>0.63,
class="inline-formula">p<0.01),
whereas
only
for
as
identified
excitation-emission
spectroscopy.
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
22(7), С. 4827 - 4839
Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022
Abstract.
Atmospheric
brown
carbon
(BrC)
makes
a
substantial
contribution
to
aerosol
light
absorption
and
thus
global
radiative
forcing.
Although
BrC
may
change
the
lifetime
of
clouds
ultimately
affect
precipitation,
little
is
known
regarding
optical
properties
formation
in
clouds.
In
present
study,
light-absorption
cloud
droplet
residual
(cloud
RES)
were
measured
by
coupled
ground-based
counterflow
virtual
impactor
(GCVI)
an
aethalometer
(AE-33),
addition
interstitial
INT)
ambient
(cloud-free)
particles
PM2.5
inlet-AE-33
at
Mt.
Tianjing
(1690
m
a.s.l.),
remote
mountain
site
southern
China,
from
November
December
2020.
Meanwhile,
fluorescence
water-soluble
organic
(WSOC)
collected
water
samples
also
obtained,
associated
with
concentration
ions.
The
mean
coefficient
(Abs370)
RES,
INT,
cloud-free
0.25
±
0.15,
1.16
1.14,
1.47
1.23
Mm−1,
respectively.
Abs365
WSOC
was
0.11
0.08
Mm−1
0.40
0.31
PM2.5,
corresponding
mass
efficiency
(MAE365)
0.17
0.07
0.21
m2
g−1,
A
comparison
between
RES
INT
particles,
indicates
considerable
(48
%–75
%)
water-insoluble
total
absorption.
Secondary
estimated
minimum
R
squared
(MRS)
method
dominated
(67
%–85
%),
rather
than
(11
%–16
(9
%–23
particles.
It
indicate
secondary
during
processing.
Supporting
evidence
includes
enhanced
dominant
biomass
burning
factor
(>80
provided
positive
matrix
factorization
(PMF)
analysis.
addition,
we
showed
that
closely
related
humic-like
substances
tyrosine-like
and/or
protein-like
(r>0.63,
p<0.01),
whereas
only
for
as
identified
excitation-emission
spectroscopy.
Atmospheric Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
313, С. 120072 - 120072
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2023
Light-absorbing
carbonaceous
aerosols
primarily
comprise
black
carbon
(BC)
and
brown
(BrC),
they
play
a
key
role
in
atmospheric
radiative
forcing
global
climate.
Here,
we
present
the
light
absorption,
potential
sources,
health
risks
of
BC
BrC
during
prescribed
burning
season
at
an
urban
background
site
Brisbane
based
on
measurements
with
seven-wavelength
aethalometer.
The
enhancements
absorption
880
nm
were
potentially
governed
by
transport
emissions.
Source
apportionment
results
revealed
that
fossil-fuel
(FF)
combustion
contributed
more
to
total
equivalent
(eBC)
(67%)
over
entire
measurement
period
as
compared
biomass
(BB).
percentages
secondary
for
BB-
FF-dominated
periods
60%
21%,
respectively,
indicating
greater
BB
emissions
form
FF
diurnal
trend
showed
peaks
occurred
nighttime
high
relative
humidity,
implying
formation
was
associated
aqueous
reactions.
Potential
source
contribution
function
(PSCF)
suggested
air
masses
originating
from
southern
northern
pollution
where
traffic
dominant.
In
addition,
eBC
(based
numbers
passively
smoked
cigarettes)
remarkably
increased
elevated
emissions,
burns.
These
findings
contribute
our
understanding
impact
properties
could
serve
reference
government
officials
when
performing
burns
reduced
environmental
effects.
Environmental Pollution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
355, С. 124175 - 124175
Опубликована: Май 16, 2024
High
uncertainty
in
optical
properties
of
black
carbon
(BC)
involving
heterogeneous
chemistry
has
recently
attracted
increasing
attention
the
field
atmospheric
climatology.
To
fill
gap
BC
knowledge
so
as
to
estimate
more
accurate
climate
effects
and
serve
response
global
warming,
it
is
beneficial
conduct
site-level
studies
on
light
absorption
enhancement
(Eabs)
characteristics.
Real-time
surface
gas
particulate
pollutant
observations
during
summer
winter
over
Wuhan
were
utilized
for
analysis
Eabs
simulated
by
minimum
R
square
(MRS),
considering
two
distinct
conditions
(2015
2017).
In
general,
differences
aerosol
emissions
led
differential
behaviors.
The
average
(1.92
±
0.55)
2015
was
higher
than
(1.27
0.42),
while
(1.11
0.20)
2017
lower
that
(1.67
0.69)
winter.
RBC
(representing
mass
ratio
non-refractory
constituents
elemental
carbon)
constraints
suggest
increased
with
increase
under
ambient
condition
enriched
secondary
inorganic
(SIA),
a
maximum
growth
rate
70.6%
summer.
However,
demonstrated
negative
trend
against
due
complicated
mixing
state.
result
arose
from
opposite
impact
hygroscopic
SIA
absorbing
OC/irregular
distributed
coatings
amplifying
absorbency
BC.
Furthermore,
sensitivity
revealed
robust
positive
correlation
(R
>
0.9)
between
chemical
compositions
(including
sulfate,
nitrate,
ammonium
organic
carbon),
which
could
be
significantly
perturbed
only
small
fraction
materials
or
restructuring
through
gaps
filling.
above
findings
not
deepen
understanding
BC,
but
also
provide
useful
information
scientific
decision-making
government
mitigate
pollution
obtain
precise
radiative
forcing.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(11), С. 4801 - 4801
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024
Megacities
boost
peri-urban
socioeconomic
development
but
fulfill
their
high
natural
resource
demands
by
overexploitation,
yielding
irreversible
environmental
damage
in
surroundings
that
turn
into
sacrifice
zones.
This
study
reports
the
effects
on
Cuautitlán-Pachuca
Valley,
Mexico
City
main
expansion
zone
at
northeast
of
metropolitan
area
Central
plateau,
trend
scenarios
from
2020
to
2050,
and
actions
mitigate
growing
water
demand
will
worsen
its
aquifer
overexploitation.
We
designed
a
conceptual
archetype
apply
Water
Evaluation
Planning
System
(W.E.A.P.)
mathematical
model
calibrated
with
2013–2014
data
calculate
groundwater
volume
future
scenarios.
The
output
for
international
airport
agriculture
was
less
than
5%.
local
climate
change
effect
up
2050
slightly
reduce
infiltration.
most
crucial
increase
(195%
2050)
is
due
population
industrial
growth
northern
municipalities
(89%
total
extraction
volume),
have
notable
−2192.3
hm3
accumulated
deficit
while
urban
sprawl
decrease
infiltration
2.3%.
Mitigation
such
as
rainwater
harvesting
may
supply
only
9%,
leak
cutback
do
so
24%,
which
still
insufficient
achieve
sustainable
management
future.
These
outcomes
emphasize
need
consider
other
actions,
importing
near
aquifers
treating
wastewater
reuse
meet
demand.
