Superpixel Segmentation-Enabled Transmission Electron Microscopy Images for Rapid and Accurate Detection of Coronavirus

Jurnal Kejuruteraan, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(3), С. 1021 - 1033

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Worldwide, SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for millions of fatalities and extensive disability. Hence, to stop the spread novel viruses like SARS-CoV-2, Omicron, other worrying types, rapid accurate diagnostic techniques are needed identify symptomatic asymptomatic carriers as soon feasible. Early recognition diagnosis essential effective epidemic management. However, different viral strains' shapes spatial characteristics similar, complicating image classification, especially in medical virology. This study uses a super-pixels segmentation technique based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images differentiate from SARS-CoV. paper aims develop method that enables virologists detect diagnose infections more accurately. In results, had median area 25,145.54 pixels SARS-CoV 38,591.35 pixels. The model can help better understand how develop, spread, contain outbreaks. Furthermore, an exceptionally low root mean square error (RMSE) 0.0275 between humans machines is obtained. Indeed, this rate indicates accuracy automated measurement technique. Finally, developed superpixel provides quick reliable identification coronaviruses, promising significantly contribute virology manage epidemics by simplifying prompt diagnosis.

Язык: Английский

---

A review of intelligent data analysis: Machine learning approaches for addressing class imbalance in healthcare - challenges and perspectives

Intelligent Data Analysis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Intelligent data analysis rapidly transforms healthcare care by improving patient and predicting health outcomes through machine learning (ML) techniques. These advanced analytical methods allow intelligent systems to process large amounts of data, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring. The success these is highly dependent on the quality balance they analyze. Class imbalance, a situation where certain classes dominate dataset, can significantly affect accuracy effectiveness ML models. In healthcare, it not only crucial, but urgent, accurately represent all conditions, including rare diseases, ensure proper diagnosis treatment. For this analysis, was gathered from six reputable academic databases: ScienceDirect, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar, PubMed. This review offers comprehensive overview current approaches handling class preprocessing like oversampling, undersampling, hybrid techniques, ensemble strategies such as bagging, boosting, AdaBoost. It also addresses limitations ongoing challenges in effectively managing imbalance data. Furthermore, explores innovative promising that have shown overcoming with particular emphasis fairness, diversity, ethical considerations, offering hopeful outlook for future analysis. discussion highlights how impact reliability systems, underscoring its significance care, delivery, broader medical community.

Язык: Английский

---

Recent Technologies for the Determination of SARS‐CoV‐2 in Wastewater

ChemistrySelect, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(13)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic outbreak raised major concerns in public health globally, raising the crucial need for development of methods to monitor spread communities worldwide. Wastewater‐based epidemiology (WBE) surveillance has been used as a novel tool outbreaks because its affordability and efficiency tracking infectious contaminants. Unlike other means tracking, wastewater is independent individuals having accessibility healthcare, doctor visits, or infection testing availability. Consequently, considerable awareness complete infections, including at community level. In WBE studies, polymerase chain reaction‐based (PCR) techniques are referred “gold‐standard” method detecting SARS‐CoV‐2 many countries. Nevertheless, despite extensive sensitive selective PCR‐based methods, these have shown some limitations that hinder their application, such requirement repeated heating cooling cycles analysis time 3–4 h. alternative do not rely on same consumables conventionally employed electrochemical biosensing, environmental water samples offers favorable advantages improved turnaround times portability. However, currently highly focused clinical applications than wastewater. This review focuses disadvantages associated with conventional alternative: electrochemical‐bioreceptor‐based technique SARS‐CoV‐2. addition, highlights broad use WBE, binding affinity various bioreceptors toward viral proteins, enhancing analytical properties biosensors integration techniques. integrated systems, especially, electrochemical‐CRISPR based, high sensitivities (down concentrations atto‐molar), potential application low‐resource areas.

Язык: Английский

---

Nanophotonic sensing and label-free imaging of extracellular vesicles

Light Science & Applications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Nanotools for Screening Neurodegenerative Diseases

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

This paper underlines the critical need for novel diagnostic techniques against increasing worldwide burden of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). The intricacies Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's necessitate very accurate sensitive early detection strategies. In addition, it provides an essential look at promise role nanotechnology potential nanoscale material technology integration to revolutionize preclinical disease diagnostics. Furthermore, allows pinpoint identification biomarkers pathological alterations. We discussed different types nanotools, including nanoparticles, nanosensors, imaging agents, nanomedicine. process metamorphosis, however, has its challenges. development these cutting-edge instruments necessitates careful thought on issues ethics, safety, biocompatibility. Despite limitations, nanotools' importance in changing course screening is undeniable.

Язык: Английский

---