Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(39), С. 14694 - 14706
Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2023
Persistent,
mobile,
and
toxic
(PMT)
substances
are
affecting
the
safety
of
drinking
water
threatening
environment
human
health.
Many
PMT
used
in
industrial
processing
or
consumer
products,
but
their
sources
emissions
mostly
remain
unclear.
This
study
presents
a
long-term
source
distribution
emission
estimation
melamine,
high-production-volume
substance
emerging
global
concern.
The
results
indicate
that
China,
approximately
1858.7
kilotonnes
(kt)
melamine
were
released
into
(∼58.9%),
air
(∼27.0%),
soil
systems
(∼14.1%)
between
1995
2020,
mainly
from
its
production
use
decorative
panels,
textiles,
paper
industries.
textile
industries
have
highest
emission-to-consumption
ratios,
with
more
than
90%
per
unit
consumption.
Sewage
treatment
plants
largest
for
time
being,
in-use
products
wastes
will
serve
as
significant
future.
prompts
priority
action
to
control
risk
internationally.
Since
the
acceptable
PFAS
levels
in
drinking
water
vary
among
regulatory
agencies,
treatment
plants
(DWTPs)
are
urged
to
adapt
their
processes
improve
removal.
This
study's
objective
was
assess
performance
of
powdered
and
granular
activated
carbon
(PAC
GAC)
for
removal
evaluate
applications
DWTPs.
Raw
filtered
waters
were
used
examine
different
types
PAC
GAC
batch
rapid
small-scale
column
tests,
respectively.
A
conventional
dose
(10
mg/L)
eliminated
40%
total
PFAS76
25%
long-chain
after
10
min.
It
would,
however,
transfer
24
ppb
daily
biosolids.
comparable
(equivalent
27,000
BV)
removed
43%
80%
PFAS.
Considering
a
medium-sized
DWTP
with
target
80%,
pretreatment
would
require
an
elevated
AC
29
mg/L.
will
incur
equivalent
cost
post-treatment
six
columns,
while
remarkably
increasing
mass
dry
sludge
by
46%.
Hence,
emerges
as
better
suited
instant
intervention
mitigate
contaminations
without
revoking
need
long-term
solution.
Water,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(10), С. 1853 - 1853
Опубликована: Май 13, 2023
Contaminants
of
emerging
concern
(CECs)
are
chemicals
or
materials
that
not
under
current
regulation
but
there
increasing
concerns
about
their
possible
occurrence
in
the
environment
because
potential
threat
to
human
and
environmental
health,
with
wastewater
perceived
as
primary
source.
Although
various
techniques
for
removal
from
water
have
been
studied,
it
should
be
emphasized
choice
also
consider
use
resources
energy
within
processes,
which
must
minimized
avoid
additional
carbon
footprints
impact.
In
this
context,
biomass-based
sorbents
might
represent
a
cost-effective
environmentally
friendly
approach
CECs
they
based
on
preferably
local
renewable
lower
negative
impacts
global
cycle
through
greenhouse
gas
emissions
than
conventional
nonrenewable
ones.
This
paper
provides
an
overview
studies
dealing
application
such
so-called
biosorbents
discusses
different
forms:
after
minimal
pretreatment
original
lignocellulosic
biomass;
extracted
biomass
and/or
modified;
biochar-based
obtained
thermochemical
conversion
biomass.
It
explains
modifications
efficiency
selected
compounds
belong
classes
pharmaceuticals,
personal
care
products,
pesticides
compares
adsorption
capacities,
kinetic
models,
mechanisms
reported
relevant
literature.
Biochar-based
sorption
has
studied
more
often
if
compared
other
considered
biosorbents.
some
cases,
efficiencies
contaminants
greater
90%
were
achieved,
nonetheless
wide
range
indicates
successful
simultaneous
multicompound
removal,
combination
processes
seems
appropriate
stand-alone
Finally,
review
reasons
behind
limited
commercial
directions
further
research,
particular
spent
perspective
circular
systems.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
922, С. 170971 - 170971
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024
Sustainable
and
effective
remediation
technologies
for
the
treatment
of
soil
contaminated
with
per-
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
greatly
needed.
This
study
investigated
effects
waste-based
biochars
on
leaching
PFAS
from
a
sandy
low
total
organic
carbon
content
(TOC)
0.57
±
0.04
%
impacted
by
aqueous
film
forming
foam
(AFFF)
dispersed
at
former
fire-fighting
facility.
Six
different
(pyrolyzed
700–900
°C)
were
tested,
made
clean
wood
chips
(CWC),
waste
timber
(WT),
activated
(aWT),
two
digested
sewage
sludges
(DSS-1
DSS-2)
de-watered
raw
sludge
(DWSS).
Up-flow
column
percolation
tests
(15
days
16
pore
volume
replacements)
1
biochar
indicated
that
dominant
congener
in
soil,
perfluorooctane
sulphonic
acid
(PFOS)
was
retained
best
aWT
99.9
reduction
leachate
concentration,
followed
sludge-based
DWSS
(98.9
%)
DSS-2
DSS-1
(97.8
91.6
%,
respectively).
The
non-activated
wood-based
(CWC
WT)
other
hand,
reduced
<43
%.
Extrapolating
this
to
field
conditions,
90
PFOS
would
occur
after
15
y
unamended
1200
12,000
y,
respectively,
amended
DWSS-amended
biochar.
high
effectiveness
three
reducing
attributed
largely
porosity
size
range
(>1.5
nm)
can
accommodate
large
molecules
(>1.02–2.20
combined
affinity
matrix.
Other
factors
like
anionic
exchange
capacity
could
play
contributing
role.
Sorbent
better
long-chain
than
short-chain
PFAS,
due
weaker,
apolar
interactions
between
latter's
shorter
hydrophobic
CF2-tails.
findings
first
demonstrate
locally
sourced
wood-waste
be
suitable
sorbents
ex
situ
stabilization
PFAS-contaminated
bringing
technology
one
step
closer
full-scale
testing.
Environmental Sciences Europe,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(1)
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Persistent,
mobile
and
toxic
(PMT),
or
very
persistent
(vPvM)
substances
are
a
wide
class
of
chemicals
that
recalcitrant
to
degradation,
easily
transported,
potentially
harmful
humans
the
environment.
Due
their
persistence
mobility,
these
often
widespread
in
environment
once
emitted,
particularly
water
resources,
causing
increased
challenges
during
treatment
processes.
Some
PMT/vPvM
such
as
GenX
perfluorobutane
sulfonic
acid
have
been
identified
high
concern
(SVHCs)
under
European
Registration,
Evaluation,
Authorisation
Restriction
Chemicals
(REACH)
regulation.
With
hundreds
thousands
potential
yet
be
assessed
managed,
effective
efficient
approaches
avoid
case-by-case
assessment
prevent
regrettable
substitution
necessary
achieve
Union's
zero-pollution
goal
for
non-toxic
by
2050.
Substance
grouping
has
helped
global
regulation
some
highly
hazardous
chemicals,
e.g.,
through
Montreal
Protocol
Stockholm
Convention.
This
article
explores
strategies
identifying,
assessing
managing
substances.
The
aim
is
facilitate
early
identification
lesser-known
new
meet
criteria,
prompt
additional
testing,
use
substitution,
integrate
into
existing
risk
management
strategies.
Thus,
this
provides
an
overview
reviews
definition
criteria
various
lists
available.
It
covers
current
groups,
compares
substance
hazard
regulation,
discusses
advantages
disadvantages
then
substances,
including
read-across,
structural
similarity
commonly
retained
moieties,
well
application
using
cheminformatics
predict
P,
M
T
properties
selected
examples.
Effective
can
accelerate
especially
lack
information.
Advances
read-across
methods
tools
needed
support
chemical
management,
preventing
broad
entry
market
favouring
safer
more
sustainable
alternatives.
