Widespread anticoagulant resistance in house mice (Mus musculus musculus) linked to the Tyr139Phe mutation in the Czech Republic

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Despite the widespread use of anticoagulant rodenticides in baits for controlling commensal rodent pests, their application is problematic due to secondary intoxication and increasing resistance. In contrast studies on Western European house mice (Mus musculus domesticus), few resistance have focused Eastern (M. musculus), which a western distribution boundary Czech Republic. This study newly analysed VKORC1 gene M. m. field populations from farms grain stores identified nonsynonymous mutation Tyr139Phe. was common throughout Republic present 80.2% 86 individuals sampled. Additionally, all exhibited genotype with three synonymous mutations specific subspecies musculus. The functional (mortality–survival) response Tyr139Phe validated laboratory choice feeding test using bromadiolone-based bait, where resistant homozygous survived, while susceptible died, mean survival 6.9 days.

Язык: Английский

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Toxicology of chemical biocides: Anticoagulant rodenticides – Beyond hemostasis disturbance

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C Toxicology & Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 277, С. 109841 - 109841

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Diet breadth of a critically endangered owl presents challenges for invasive rodent management: a conservation conundrum

Emu - Austral Ornithology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 124(2), С. 187 - 198

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024

Trophic interactions between threatened species complicate management. Similarly, and pest present management challenges, given that control can lead to non-target impacts (e.g. trophic cascades or secondary poisoning). There are records of the critically endangered Norfolk Island Morepork Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata consuming both songbirds invasive rodents subject interventions. Nevertheless, diet morepork remains largely unknown. We visually screened regurgitated pellets using a microscope, alongside environmental DNA (eDNA) screening scats, investigate Morepork. A total 113 19 scats were collected October 2020 June 2021. All moreporks with eDNA metabarcoding had consumed at least one-third samples contained rodents. The owls also found have four five endemic possibly an parrot, most which threatened. Environmental detected more taxa overall, but visual identified greater richness Orthoptera Coleoptera in diet. frequency presents conundrum for conservation managers. Control is considered essential support songbirds, yet this same action places risk poisoning. Urgent investigations needed identify effective methods safe species.

Язык: Английский

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More than garden plants: extending the conversation of urban gardens as an important refuge for Australian birds

Biodiversity and Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Abstract Inadequacies in public protected area networks dictates that private land will play an important role the conservation of biodiversity coming decades. Household gardens are a key example lands can serve as refuges for biodiversity, with birds popular flagship garden biodiversity. Discussion has focused heavily on species plant resident might select to attract their garden. In this paper, we describe additional and factors should form part broader conversation specific aim drawing attention at risk localised extinctions modern urban landscapes – adaptors. We present our commentary two themes: (a) mitigating threats environment (b) enhancing habitat value range bird species. provide synthesis research recent years explored its ability support birds, but importantly, extend by bringing together topics have been somewhat lacking discussion date. new approach conversation, paper brings no longer be considered isolation if make significant gains environments were most Australians now reside.

Язык: Английский

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Maximising Eradication Potential of Rat Gene Drives Using a Two‐Target Homing Rescue Strategy: Spatial Modelling of Empirical Data

Molecular Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025

ABSTRACT Gene drives are genetic elements with positively biased transmission and may be useful tools to suppress mammalian pests that threaten biodiversity worldwide. While gene progressing in mice, less is known about their potential for invasive rat control. A recent report has provided the first data on germline conversion rats, demonstrating modest homing rates (up 67%) can achieved females. Here, we apply these empirically derived values investigate of various drive strategies an island population 200,000 using our stochastic, spatially explicit, individual‐based modelling framework. Standard embedded haplosufficient fertility or viability genes failed eradicate, but permanent suppression. In contrast, a two‐target design rescue (HR) haplolethal also targets independent demonstrated considerable suppression potential. Remarkably, HR targeting female showed robust eradication even at relatively low previously rats. Interestingly, rate had influence probability while cutting efficiency was critical. Further, as long latter similar subsequent knockout unlinked gene, then could across range rates. Together, results suggest rates, such have been rats other species, potentially leveraged suppression, offering new opportunities development.

Язык: Английский

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Detection of Vkorc1 single nucleotide polymorphisms indicates the presence of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in Australia's introduced rats^†

Pest Management Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 30, 2025

Abstract BACKGROUND Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are used globally to manage pest rodent populations. However, resistance ARs in target populations challenges control efforts and can increase risks nontarget species. Resistance is frequently associated with nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) the Vkorc1 gene, this study carried out first survey of introduced rats on Australian mainland. RESULTS We identified three species rat using cytochrome b gene across Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth Sydney: Rattus rattus (Linnaeus 1758) (Lineage I); norvegicus (Berkenhout 1769); tanezumi (Temminck 1844) II). Three nsSNPs were detected gene: Tyr25Phe , Trp59Arg Phe55Ile . The mutation which ARs, was 58 108 R. (53.7%) one 31 (3.2%). It has been suggested that (detected two ) susceptibility haemorrhage, whereas (identified only not reported previously. No CONCLUSION This update status mainland since 1970s employ genetic screening. widespread occurrence urbanized areas Australia suggests potential common practical conferred by needs further investigation as does role hybridization transfer from nuclear genome. © 2025 Author(s). Pest Management Science published John Wiley & Sons Ltd behalf Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Broad-scale pesticide screening finds anticoagulant rodenticide and legacy pesticides in Australian frogs

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 930, С. 172526 - 172526

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024

Pesticide contamination poses a significant threat to non-target wildlife, including amphibians, many of which are already highly threatened. This study aims assess the extent pesticide exposure in dead frogs collected during mass mortality event across eastern New South Wales, Australia between July 2021 and March 2022. Liver tissue from 77 individual six species were analysed for >600 legacy contemporary pesticides, rodenticides. More than third (36 %) liver samples contained at least one pesticide, brodifacoum, dieldrin, DDE, heptachlor/heptachlor epoxide, fipronil sulfone, 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA). Brodifacoum, second-generation anticoagulant rodenticide, was found four frog analysed: banjo (Limnodynastes dumerilii), cane toad (Rhinella marina), green tree (Litoria caerulea) Peron's peronii). is first report rodenticide detected wild raising concerns about potential impacts on extending list taxa shown accumulate Dieldrin, banned also two species: striped marsh peronii) caerulea). The toxicological effects these pesticides difficult infer due limited comparable studies; however, low frequency detection presence not considered major contributing factor event. Additional research needed investigate particularly regarding There need continued monitoring improved conservation management strategies mitigation accumulation amphibian populations.

Язык: Английский

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The missing toxic link: Exposure of non-target native marsupials to second-generation anticoagulant rodenticides (SGARs) suggest a potential route of transfer into apex predators

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 933, С. 173191 - 173191

Опубликована: Май 12, 2024

Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are used globally to control rodent pests. Second-generation anticoagulant (SGARs) persist in the liver and pose a significant risk of bioaccumulation secondary poisoning predators, including species that do not generally consume rodents. As such, there is clear need understand consumption ARs, particularly SGARs, by non-target consumers determine movement these anticoagulants through ecosystems. We collected analysed livers from deceased common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) ringtail (Pseudocheirus peregrinus), native Australian marsupials constitute main diet powerful owl (Ninox strenua), an apex predator significantly exposed SGAR poisoning. ARs were detected 91 % 40 possums. Most detections attributed while first-generation (FGARs) rarely detected. concentrations likely lethal or toxic 42 4 with no effect age, sex, weight either species. There was also landscape type from, suggesting exposure ubiquitous across landscapes. The rate provides insight into pathway which transferred one their key owl. With SGARs entering food-webs species, potential for broader predators greater highlights urgent routine rodenticide testing present as ill found deceased. To limit impact on ecosystem stability use should be regulated governing agencies.

Язык: Английский

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Public Attitudes towards and Management Strategies for Community Cats in Urban China

Animals, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(16), С. 2301 - 2301

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024

Managing community cats in urban China is a contentious and emerging issue, with debates centering on the most effective humane approaches. This study aimed to investigate public attitudes towards various management strategies. A survey was conducted involving 5382 residents China. Their positive negative roles of areas their support for different methods were examined, including trap-and-kill, taking no action, centralized management, trap-neuter-return (TNR) its variations. Results indicated that 63% participants willing coexist cats, 71% opposed 61% agreed or strongly TNR method Older those higher incomes more likely coexistence cats. In contrast, younger lower-income non-coexistence. Residents first- second-tier cities (e.g., Beijing, Hangzhou, Jinan Cities China) inclined trap-and-kill less than counterparts fourth-tier county-level China). Moreover, lower education supportive action as manage relatively incomes. Those held variations Males females. The implications findings adoption programs are discussed. These novel underscore need targeted educational campaigns promote strategies, addressing concerns cats' welfare. study's insights critical informing policy improving cat

Язык: Английский

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Successful rehabilitation and release of a powerful owl chick with suspected rodenticide poisoning

Australian Veterinary Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 101(11), С. 453 - 459

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2023

The successful rehabilitation and release of raptor chicks can be challenging, especially when the are still in post-fledging dependency period. Here, we report on a recently fledged powerful owl chick that was held care for 33 days before being successfully reunited with its parents. We document steps undertaken during entire process from collection wild to post-release monitoring recommend clinical procedures treatment raptors entering veterinary facilities. Success this facilitated by early potential rodenticide poisoning, as well integration citizen scientists family unit field while Given emerging evidence widespread poisoning both Australia globally, it is critical suspect all may have been exposed anticoagulant rodenticides commence vitamin K immediately. Routine increases probability recovery post-trauma reducing time much possible.

Язык: Английский

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