Epigenomes,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
9(2), С. 10 - 10
Опубликована: Март 29, 2025
Background:
Plants
face
a
wide
range
of
environmental
stresses
that
disrupt
growth
and
productivity.
To
survive
adapt,
they
undergo
complex
metabolic
reprogramming
by
redirecting
carbon
nitrogen
fluxes
toward
the
biosynthesis
protective
secondary
metabolites
such
as
phenylpropanoids,
flavonoids,
lignin.
Recent
research
has
revealed
these
stress-induced
processes
are
tightly
regulated
epigenetic
mechanisms,
including
DNA
methylation,
histone
modifications,
chromatin
remodeling,
non-coding
RNAs.
Methods:
This
review
synthesizes
current
findings
from
studies
on
both
model
crop
plants,
examining
roles
key
regulators
in
controlling
metabolism
under
stress.
Special
focus
is
placed
dynamic
changes
acetylation,
action
small
RNAs
siRNAs
miRNAs
transcriptional
post-transcriptional
regulation.
Results:
Evidence
indicates
stress
triggers
rapid
reversible
modifications
modulate
gene
expression
linked
to
pathways.
These
not
only
facilitate
immediate
responses
but
can
also
contribute
memory.
In
some
cases,
this
memory
retained
transmitted
next
generation,
influencing
progeny
responses.
However,
critical
knowledge
gaps
remain,
particularly
concerning
temporal
dynamics,
tissue
specificity,
long-term
stability
marks
crops.
Conclusions:
Understanding
how
regulation
governs
metabolite
production
offers
promising
avenues
enhance
resilience
productivity
context
climate
change.
Future
should
prioritize
dissecting
heritability
support
development
epigenetically
informed
breeding
strategies.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
926, С. 172089 - 172089
Опубликована: Март 29, 2024
Both
alien
plant
invasions
and
soil
microplastic
pollution
have
become
a
concerning
threat
for
terrestrial
ecosystems,
with
consequences
on
the
human
well-being.
However,
our
current
knowledge
of
effects
successful
invasion
plants
remains
limited,
despite
numerous
studies
demonstrating
direct
indirect
impacts
microplastics
performance.
To
address
this
gap,
we
conducted
greenhouse
experiment
involving
mixtures
low-density
polyethylene
(LDPE)
pellets
fragments
at
concentrations
0,
0.5
%
2.0
%.
Additionally,
included
Solidago
decurrens
(native
plant)
S.
canadensis
(alien
invasive
as
target
plants.
Each
pot
contained
an
individual
either
species,
after
six-month
cultivation,
biomass
antioxidant
enzymes,
well
properties
including
moisture,
pH,
available
nutrients,
microbial
were
measured.
Our
results
indicated
that
growth
indices
depended
shapes
concentrations.
For
example,
exerted
positive
moisture
native
species
but
negative
which
impacted
by
concentrations,
respectively.
Microplastics
significantly
catalase
(P
<
0.05)
superoxide
dismutase
0.01),
aboveground
belowground/aboveground
0.01)
depending
shapes,
no
significant
those
species.
Furthermore,
properties,
nutrient
ratio,
enzyme
activities
contributed
to
differently
among
these
two
These
suggested
more
pronounced
impact
than
ones.
This
implies
displays
greater
resistance
pollution,
potentially
promoting
their
invasion.
Overall,
study
contributes
better
understanding
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
195, С. 109257 - 109257
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Micro-and-nano
plastics
(MNPs)
are
pervasive
in
terrestrial
ecosystems
and
represent
an
increasing
threat
to
plant
health;
however,
the
mechanisms
underlying
their
phytotoxicity
remain
inadequately
understood.
MNPs
can
infiltrate
plants
through
roots
or
leaves,
causing
a
range
of
toxic
effects,
including
inhibiting
water
nutrient
uptake,
reducing
seed
germination
rates,
impeding
photosynthesis,
resulting
oxidative
damage
within
system.
The
effects
complex
influenced
by
various
factors
size,
shape,
functional
groups,
concentration.
Recent
advancements
omics
technologies
such
as
proteomics,
metabolomics,
transcriptomics,
microbiomics,
coupled
with
emerging
like
4D
omics,
phenomics,
spatial
single-cell
offer
unprecedented
insight
into
physiological,
molecular,
cellular
responses
exposure.
This
literature
review
synthesizes
current
findings
regarding
MNPs-induced
phytotoxicity,
emphasizing
alterations
gene
expression,
protein
synthesis,
metabolic
pathways,
physiological
disruptions
revealed
analyses.
We
summarize
how
interact
structures,
disrupt
processes,
induce
stress,
ultimately
affecting
growth
productivity.
Furthermore,
we
have
identified
critical
knowledge
gaps
proposed
future
research
directions,
highlighting
necessity
for
integrative
studies
elucidate
pathways
toxicity
plants.
In
conclusion,
this
underscores
potential
approaches
MNPs-phytotoxicity
develop
strategies
mitigating
environmental
impact
on
health.
Abstract
Background
Nitrogen
(N)
availability
is
crucial
in
regulating
plants’
abiotic
stress
resistance,
particularly
at
the
seedling
stage.
Nevertheless,
plant
responses
to
N
under
salinity
conditions
may
vary
depending
on
soil’s
NH
4
+
NO
3
−
ratio.
Methods
In
this
study,
we
investigated
effects
of
different
:NO
ratios
(100/0,
0/100,
25/75,
50/50,
and
75/25)
growth
physio-biochemical
soybean
seedlings
grown
controlled
saline
(0-,
50-,
100-mM
L
1
NaCl
Na
2
SO
,
a
1:1
molar
ratio).
Results
We
observed
that
shoot
length,
root
leaf-stem-root
dry
weight
decreased
significantly
with
increased
levels
compared
control.
Moreover,
there
was
significant
accumulation
Cl
hydrogen
peroxide
(H
O
),
malondialdehyde
(MDA)
but
impaired
ascorbate-glutathione
pools
(AsA-GSH).
They
also
displayed
lower
photosynthetic
pigments
(chlorophyll-a
chlorophyll-b),
K
ion,
/Na
ratio,
weakened
•−
-H
-scavenging
enzymes
such
as
superoxide
dismutase,
catalase,
peroxidase,
monodehydroascorbate
reductase,
glutathione
reductase
both
levels,
while
reduced
ascorbate
dehydroascorbate
stress,
demonstrating
their
sensitivity
environment.
concentrations
proline,
glycine
betaine,
total
phenolic,
flavonoids,
abscisic
acid
stresses
exhibited
indole
acetic
acid,
gibberellic
cytokinins,
zeatine
riboside,
which
account
for
biomass.
However,
caused
differential
response
alleviate
toxicity.
Soybean
supplemented
optimal
(T3
=
25:75
T
50:50)
ABA
improved
pigments,
hormones,
biomass
higher
ratios.
optimized
H
MDA,
AsA-GSH
status
favor
seedlings.
Conclusions
summary,
followed
order
50:50
>
0:100
75:25
100:0
morpho-physio-biochemical
SS
conditions.
Accordingly,
suggest
applying
(25/75
can
improve
resistance
