Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
Microplastic
is
one
of
the
most
important
environmental
challenges
recent
decades.
Although
abundance
microplastics
in
water
sources
and
bodies
such
as
marine
were
investigated
many
studies,
knowing
requires
more
studies.
In
this
study,
litter
was
urban
management
primary
microplastic
secondary
environment.
For
purpose,
Clean
Environment
Index
Cigarette
Butt
Pollution
Index,
used
to
interpret
density
estimate
resources
Khuzestan
province,
Iran.
The
results
showed
that
studied
cities
0.0001-0.6502
items/m
Microplastics,
as
an
emerging
environmental
pollutant,
have
received
widespread
attention
for
their
potential
impact
on
ecosystems
and
human
health.
Microplastics
are
defined
plastic
particles
less
than
5
millimeters
in
diameter
can
be
categorized
primary
secondary
microplastics.
Primary
microplastics
usually
originate
directly
from
industrial
production,
while
formed
by
the
degradation
of
larger
items.
capable
triggering
cytotoxicity
chronic
inflammation,
may
promote
cancer
through
mechanisms
such
pro-inflammatory
responses,
oxidative
stress
endocrine
disruption.
In
addition,
improved
bring
new
perspectives
to
therapy,
studies
drug
carriers
underway,
showing
high
targeting
bioavailability.
Although
current
suggest
association
between
certain
cancers
(e.g.,
lung,
liver,
breast
cancers),
long-term
effects
specific
still
need
studied.
This
review
aimed
at
exploring
carcinogenicity
promising
applications
therapy
provides
important
directions
future
research
emphasizes
multidisciplinary
collaboration
address
this
global
health
challenge.
Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(7), С. 1661 - 1661
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025
The
development
of
carbonaceous
materials
such
as
biochar
has
triggered
a
hot
spot
in
application.
In
this
study,
new
type
char
carbon
was
developed
from
raw
cigarette
filter
rods
(CFRs)
via
carbonization
process
under
moderate
conditions
(T
=
550
°C;
tres
1
h)
(CFR
carbon).
produced
characterized
by
ATR-FTIR
(Attenuated
total
reflectance—Fourier-transform
infrared)
spectroscopy,
XRD
(X-ray
diffraction)
analysis,
GC-MS
(Gas
Chromatography–Mass
Spectrometry),
FESEM-EDS
(Field-Emission
Scanning
Electron
Microscopy—Energy-dispersive
X-ray
spectroscopy)
technique,
XPS
photoelectron
spectroscopy),
and
N2
adsorption/desorption
(BET)
measurements.
obtained
material
is
rich
oxygen-containing
functional
groups
(i.e.,
C=O,
C–O,
–C(=O)–CH3,
C–O–C,
C–OH,
O=C–O,
with
chemisorbed
oxygen),
containing
significant
amounts
calcium
(that
originates
CaCO3)
silicon
(Si),
generated
reduction
SiO2.
It
found
that
the
formation
char(C)/n-alkane
composite
makes
CFR
have
high
compressive
strength
improvement.
Moderate
contributed
to
creation
fairly
specific
surface
area
(320.93
m2/g),
exhibiting
complex
hierarchical
structure
Type
I/IV(a)
isotherm,
associated
micro-/mesoporous
material.
addition,
more
directional
extensions
research
for
future
work
were
proposed,
including
implementation
electrochemical
research.
Abstract
In
this
study,
single‐phase
g‐C
3
N
4
and
FeTiO
catalysts
were
synthesized
by
thermal
polymerization
hydrothermal
methods,
@g‐C
binary
composites
successfully
constructed
method.
The
crystal
structure,
morphology,
photoelectric
properties
of
the
samples
characterized
in
all
aspects
characterization
methods
such
as
XRD,
FI‐IR,
SEM,
XPS,
BET,
UV–vis,
PL,
effects
different
doping
ratios,
catalyst
injection,
initial
concentration
pollutants,
pH,
light
source
on
degradation
performance
bisphenol
A
(BPA)
investigated.
It
was
shown
that
spherical
chalcogenide
particles
loaded
lamellar
surface
to
form
a
composite
with
specific
area
18.403
m
2
/g
pore
size
14.636
nm.
(1:3)
achieved
65.59%
20
mg/L
BPA
solution
under
visible
maintained
58.38%
removal
after
four
cycles,
which
·O
−
·OH
radicals
main
active
species,
process
conformed
quasi‐primary
kinetic
model.
research,
Z‐scheme
heterojunction
is
improve
electron
transport
path
effectively
slow
down
recombination
photogenerated
electrons
holes,
provides
feasible
pathway
for
efficient
novel
BPA,
opens
up
new
direction
photocatalytic
pollution
treatment.
