Transmission Probability of SARS-CoV-2 in Office Environment Using Artificial Neural Network DOI Creative Commons
Nishant Raj Kapoor, Ashok Kumar, Anuj Kumar

и другие.

IEEE Access, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10, С. 121204 - 121229

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

In this paper, curve-fitting and an artificial neural network (ANN) model were developed to predict R-Event. Expected number of new infections that arise in any event occurring over a total time space is termed as Real-time data for the office environment was gathered spring 2022 naturally ventilated room Roorkee, India, under composite climatic conditions. To ascertain merit proposed ANN models, performances approach compared against curve fitting regarding conventional statistical indicators, i.e., correlation coefficient, root mean square error, absolute Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index, percentage a20-index. Eleven input parameters namely indoor temperature ( TIn ), relative humidity xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RHIn area opening xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AO occupants xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">O per person xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AP volume xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">VP xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">CO 2 concentration air quality index xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">AQI outer wind speed xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">WS outdoor xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">TOut xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">RHOut ) used study R-Event value output. The primary goal research establish link between value; eventually providing prediction purposes. case study, coefficient 0.9992 0.9557, respectively. It shows model's higher accuracy than prediction. Results indicate performance (R=0.9992, RMSE=0.0018708, MAE=0.0006675, MAPE=0.8643816, NS=0.9984365, a20-index=0.9984300) reliable highly accurate R-event offices.

Язык: Английский

Effective ventilation and air disinfection system for reducing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection risk in office buildings DOI Open Access
Shubham Srivastava, Xingwang Zhao,

Ati Manay

и другие.

Sustainable Cities and Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 75, С. 103408 - 103408

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2021

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

127
Airborne transmission of COVID‐19 virus in enclosed spaces: An overview of research methods DOI
Xingwang Zhao, Sumei Liu, Yonggao Yin

и другие.

Indoor Air, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(6)

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2022

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) has spread worldwide. This study summarized transmission mechanisms and their main influencing factors, such as airflow patterns, air temperature, relative humidity, social distancing. The characteristics existing cases are providing more evidence that SARS CoV-2 can be transmitted through air. investigation reviewed probabilistic deterministic research methods, Wells–Riley equation, dose-response model, Monte-Carlo computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with Eulerian method, CFD Lagrangian experimental approach, have been used for studying airborne mechanism. equation model typically assessment average infection risk. Only combination method or these two methods obtain spatial distribution particles' concentration In contrast is suitable risk when behavior individuals highly random. Although researchers tend to use numerical mechanism COVID-19, an approach could often provide stronger prove possibility than a simple model. All all, helpful epidemic prevention control.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

91
Designing Post COVID-19 Buildings: Approaches for Achieving Healthy Buildings DOI Creative Commons
Satheeskumar Navaratnam, Kate Nguyen, Kajanan Selvaranjan

и другие.

Buildings, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1), С. 74 - 74

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic forced the accessibility, social gathering, lifestyle, and working environment to be changed reduce infection. Coronavirus spreads between people in several different ways. Small liquid particles (aerosols, respiratory droplets) from an infected person are transmitted through air surfaces that contact with humans. Reducing transmission modified heating, ventilation, conditioning (HVAC) systems building design potential solutions. A comprehensive review of engineering control preventive measures mitigate spread, healthy design, material was carried out. current state-of-the-art presented include ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI), bipolar ionization, vertical gardening, indoor plants. They have improve quality. In addition, this article presents materials (e.g., copper alloys, anti-microbial paintings) smart technologies automation, voice control, artificial intelligence-based facial recognition) infections communicable diseases.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

80
Role of Fluid Dynamics in Infectious Disease Transmission: Insights from COVID-19 and Other Pathogens DOI Creative Commons
Soumyajit Koley

Trends in Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(8), С. 8287 - 8287

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

The spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19 depends on complex fluid dynamics interactions between pathogens and phases, including individual droplets multiphase clouds. Understanding these is crucial for predicting controlling disease spread. This applies to human animal exhalations, coughs sneezes, well bursting bubbles that create micron-sized in various indoor outdoor environments. By exploring case studies this regard, study examines the emerging field transmission, focusing flows, interfacial turbulence, pathogens, traffic, aerosol ventilation, breathing microenvironments. These results indicate increased ventilation rates local methods can effectively reduce concentration SARS-CoV-2-laden aerosols immediate spaces individuals. In a displacement-ventilated room, both neutral unstable conditions were more effective removing breathed from air, regardless presence test subjects. However, stable may increase risk infection individuals living confined spaces. Thus, findings are useful providing practical guidance managing airborne infections. HIGHLIGHTS Fluid affect transmission explored flow, dispersion, respiratory zones Increased SARS-CoV-2 Displacement eliminates under Cramped damp environments GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Tourism research after the COVID-19 outbreak: Insights for more sustainable, local and smart cities DOI Creative Commons
Luis‐Alberto Casado‐Aranda, Juan Sánchez‐Fernández, Ana Belén Bastidas Manzano

и другие.

Sustainable Cities and Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 73, С. 103126 - 103126

Опубликована: Июль 6, 2021

This paper presents the results of a bibliometric analysis academic research dealing with COVID-19 in area city destination development from 1 December 2019 to 31 March 2021. Particularly, by means SciMAT software, it identifies, quantifies, and visually displays main clusters, thematic structure emerging trends that tourism planners will face new normal. The search revealed social media smart are themes greatest potential; sustainable cities, local development, changes tourist behavior, tourists' risk perception underdeveloped streams enormous relevance growth Research on effects citizen health its economic impact industry cities intersectional highly developed topics, although little relevance. current study also identifies challenges for proposes future directions. Consequently, this contributes existing literature as develops critical examination extant points out gaps must be filled studies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

91
A critical review of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems within the context of a global SARS-CoV-2 epidemic DOI Open Access
Ashraf Mimi Elsaid, Hany A. Mohamed, Gamal B. Abdelaziz

и другие.

Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 155, С. 230 - 261

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2021

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

74
A review of strategies and their effectiveness in reducing indoor airborne transmission and improving indoor air quality DOI Open Access
Ajith N. Nair, Prashant Anand, Abraham George

и другие.

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 213, С. 113579 - 113579

Опубликована: Июнь 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

65
Net Zero Energy Consumption building in India: An overview and initiative toward sustainable future DOI
Lohit Saini, Chandan Swaroop Meena, Binju P Raj

и другие.

International Journal of Green Energy, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 19(5), С. 544 - 561

Опубликована: Июль 27, 2021

The growing demand for energy in the building sector drives need change from fossil fuels to environment-friendly power sources which can also mitigate effect of global warming and climate change. One initiatives knock down peak load buildings is stepping toward energy-efficient a sustainable future. This paper aims review fundamental aspects approaching net zero consumption (nZECB) keeping into consideration physics challenges faced pathway its feasibility. Also, it addresses various policies plans that dramatically future developing nations like India zero-emissions system. Considering all facts, this study suggests inflating our focus beyond direct use opt hybridized clean enhance constructional parameters better, greener, cleaner

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

63
A review of occupancy-based building energy and IEQ controls and its future post-COVID DOI Open Access
Prashant Anand, David Cheong, Chandra Sekhar

и другие.

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 804, С. 150249 - 150249

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2021

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

62
Human exposure to respiratory aerosols in a ventilated room: Effects of ventilation condition, emission mode, and social distancing DOI Creative Commons
Gen Pei, Mary E. Taylor, Donghyun Rim

и другие.

Sustainable Cities and Society, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 73, С. 103090 - 103090

Опубликована: Июнь 15, 2021

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

60