Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024
Many
observational
studies
and
experiments
have
found
a
strong
association
between
lipid
levels
adipokines
multiple
myeloma
(MM),
but
the
causal
relationship
levels,
MM
remains
to
be
determined.
We
performed
two-sample
multivariate
MR
analysis
investigate
MM.
Total
cholesterol(TC),
high-density
lipoprotein
cholesterol
(HDL-C),
low-density
(LDL-C),
triglycerides
(TG)
were
used
represent
adiponectin,
leptin,
resistin
adipokines.
Genetic
data
for
each
index
obtained
from
Integrated
Epidemiology
Unit
(IEU)
Genome-Wide
Association
Study
(GWAS)
database,
analyses
performed,
as
well
of
causality
using
BMI
an
adjusting
factor.
In
analyzed
results,
no
significant
was
adipokines,
myeloma,
after
BMI,
still
not
found.
The
results
this
study
do
support
genetically
predicted
risk
MM,
we
cannot
rule
out
existence
weak
association.
mechanisms
need
further
investigated.
Molecular Biomedicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025
Abstract
Over
the
past
few
decades,
obesity
has
transitioned
from
a
localized
health
concern
to
pressing
global
public
crisis
affecting
over
650
million
adults
globally,
as
documented
by
WHO
epidemiological
surveys.
As
chronic
metabolic
disorder
characterized
pathological
adipose
tissue
expansion,
inflammation,
and
neuroendocrine
dysregulation
that
disrupts
systemic
homeostasis
impairs
physiological
functions,
is
rarely
an
isolated
condition;
rather,
it
frequently
complicated
severe
comorbidities
collectively
elevate
mortality
risks.
Despite
advances
in
nutritional
science
initiatives,
sustained
weight
management
success
rates
prevention
remain
limited,
underscoring
its
recognition
multifactorial
disease
influenced
genetic,
environmental,
behavioral
determinants.
Notably,
escalating
prevalence
of
earlier
onset
younger
populations
have
intensified
urgency
develop
novel
therapeutic
agents
simultaneously
ensure
efficacy
safety.
This
review
aims
elucidate
pathophysiological
mechanisms
underlying
obesity,
analyze
major
complications—including
type
2
diabetes
mellitus
(T2DM),
cardiovascular
diseases
(CVD),
non-alcoholic
fatty
liver
(NAFLD),
obesity-related
respiratory
disorders,
nephropathy
(ORN),
musculoskeletal
impairments,
malignancies,
psychological
comorbidities—and
critically
evaluate
current
anti-obesity
strategies.
Particular
emphasis
placed
on
emerging
pharmacological
interventions,
exemplified
plant-derived
natural
compounds
such
berberine
(BBR),
with
focus
their
molecular
mechanisms,
clinical
efficacy,
advantages.
By
integrating
mechanistic
insights
evidence,
this
seeks
provide
innovative
perspectives
for
developing
safe,
accessible,
effective
treatments.
Frontiers in Epidemiology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2025
Multiple
myeloma
(MM)
is
a
malignant
hematologic
disorder
characterized
by
the
abnormal
clonal
proliferation
of
bone
marrow
plasma
cells
and
excessive
production
immunoglobulins,
often
leading
to
severe
organ
damage.
Due
its
high
incidence,
recurrence,
death
rates,
MM
poses
significant
burden
on
individuals
global
healthcare
systems.
This
study
leverages
latest
data
from
Global
Burden
Disease
Study
2021
(GBD
2021)
analyze
epidemiological
trends
propose
effective
preventive
strategies.
Using
GBD
2021,
we
analyzed
age-standardized
incidence
rate
(ASIR),
(ASDR),
disability-adjusted
life
years
(DALYs)
MM,
evaluating
temporal
through
estimated
annual
percentage
change
(EAPC).
Pearson
correlation
analysis
was
employed
explore
relationship
between
rates
(ASRs)
Sociodemographic
Index
(SDI).
Additionally,
frontier
conducted.
Finally,
Bayesian
age-period-cohort
models
were
utilized
predict
ASRs
2040.
In
number
new
cases
148,755
(95%
UI:
131,780.4-162,049.2),
with
116,359.6
deaths
103,078.6-128,470.6)
2,595,595
DALYs
2,270,483.6-2,889,968.2).
Age-standardized
increased
age.
Between
1990
exhibited
consistent
upward
trend
across
all
populations,
males
older
adults
bearing
highest
burden.
The
demonstrated
positive
SDI.
Frontier
indicated
regions
medium-to-high
SDI
have
greatest
potential
for
reducing
ASRs.
Among
risk
factors,
body
mass
index
(BMI)
identified
as
most
contributor
MM.
Projections
suggest
that
2040,
may
experience
decline.
Driven
population
aging
advancements
in
diagnostic
capabilities,
multiple
continues
rise.
Targeted
prevention
treatment
strategies,
particularly
elderly
high-risk
are
essential
alleviate
disease
improve
patient
outcomes.
