Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: From Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implications

Life, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(5), С. 559 - 559

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2024

The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of diverse microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a pivotal role in breaking down undigested foods, such dietary fibers. Through fermentation these food components, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced, offering numerous health benefits host. production absorption SCFAs occur through various mechanisms within human intestine, contingent upon types fibers reaching specific engaged fermentation. Medical literature extensively documents supplementation SCFAs, particularly butyrate, treatment gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, gut-brain-related disorders. This review seeks provide an overview dynamics involved gut. Additionally, it will focus on roles promoting metabolic health, well their current therapeutic implications.

Язык: Английский

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Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Nutrition and Its Relationship to Epigenetics

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1228 - 1228

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

The intestinal microbiota is a community of microorganisms inhabiting the human intestines, potentially influencing both physiological and pathophysiological processes in body. Existing evidence suggests that nutrients can influence modulation gut microbiota. However, there still limited regarding effects vitamin mineral supplementation on through epigenetic modification. It plausible maintaining an adequate dietary intake D, iron, fibre, zinc magnesium may have beneficial effect alleviating inflammation body, reducing oxidative stress, improving condition various mechanisms. Moreover, epigenetics involves alterations phenotype cell without changing its fundamental DNA sequence. appears by lead to regulation. correlations between are interdependent. Therefore, primary objective this review identify complex relationships diet, microbiota, These interactions could play crucial role systemic health.

Язык: Английский

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The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis in Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 390 - 390

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Background: Over recent decades, a growing body of evidence has emerged linking the composition gut microbiota to sleep regulation. Interestingly, prevalence disorders is commonly related cardiometabolic comorbidities such as diabetes, impaired lipid metabolism, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this complex scenario, role gut–brain axis main communicating pathway between regulation pathways in brain reveals some common host–microbial biomarkers both disturbances MetS. As biological mechanisms behind interacting network neuroendocrine, immune, are not fully understood yet, present systematic review aims describe microbial features these two unrelated chronic conditions. Results: This highlights total 36 articles associating signature with MetS or disorders. Specific emphasis given studies evaluating effect dietary patterns, supplementation, probiotics on disturbances. Conclusions: Dietary choices promote metabolites, causing amelioration impairment homeostasis.

Язык: Английский

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Polystyrene micro- and nanoparticles exposure induced anxiety-like behaviors, gut microbiota dysbiosis and metabolism disorder in adult mice

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 259, С. 115000 - 115000

Опубликована: Май 19, 2023

Plastics have been proven to be a potential threat the ecosystem, and their toxicity mechanism is still uncertain. In ecological environment, plastics can degraded into microplastics (MPs) nanoplastics (NPs), which contaminated ingested through food chain. MPs NPs are associated with severe intestinal injury, microbiota disorder, neurotoxicity, but it unclear whether MPs- NPs-induced dysbiosis will affect brain gut-brain axis. current study, we determined effects of exposure polystyrene (PS)-MPs PS-NPs on anxiety-like behaviors explored underlying mechanisms. This study behavioral 30-day 60-day PS-MPs using open field test (OFT) elevated plus maze (EPM) test. Behavioral tests showed treatment remarkedly induced compared control group. Using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing untargeted metabolomics analyses, observed that reduced beneficial gut expression level, such as Lachnoclostridium Lactobacillus, increased conditionally pathogenic bacteria expressions Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Desulfovibrio. addition, reduce mucus secretion increase permeability. The results serum metabonomics suggested metabolic pathways, ABC transporter aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, biosynthesis amino acids, bile were enriched after treatment. Besides, neurotransmitter metabolites also altered by PS-MPs. It noteworthy correlation analysis disorder was related disorder. regulation may promising strategy for PS-MPs- PS-NPs-induced anxiety

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the gut microbiota: lifestyle choices, disease associations, and personal genomics

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2023

The gut microbiota is a rich and dynamic ecosystem that actively interacts with the human body, playing significant role in state of health disease host. Diet, exercise, mental health, other factors have exhibited ability to influence bacterial composition, leading changes can prevent improve, or favor worsen, both intestinal extra-intestinal conditions. Altered microbial states, ‘dysbiosis’, associated conditions diseases are often characterized by shifts abundance diversity, including an impaired Firmicutes Bacteroidetes ratio. By understanding effect lifestyle on microbiota, personalized advice be generated suit each individual profile foster adoption ameliorate dysbiosis. delivery effective reliable advice, however, depends not only available research current topic, but also methods used assess individuals discover associations, which introduce bias at multiple stages. aim this review summarize how variability defined what choices shown association composition. Furthermore, popular investigate outlined, focus possible caused lack use standardized methods. Finally, overview based testing presented, underlining its power limitations.

Язык: Английский

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Potential Pathophysiological Pathways in the Complex Relationships between OSA and Cancer

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(4), С. 1061 - 1061

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2023

Several epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested a relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) higher incidence or severity of cancer. This appears to be dependent on myriad factors. These include non-modifiable factors, such as age gender; modifiable preventable specific comorbidities (especially obesity), the use particular treatments, and, above all, histological type location Heterogeneity in OSA cancer is also related influences intermittent hypoxemia (a hallmark feature OSA), among others, metabolism microenvironment different types tumoral cells. The hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF-1α), molecule activated expressed situations hypoxemia, seems key enabling variety pathophysiological mechanisms that are becoming increasingly better recognized. appear operationally involved via alterations cellular functions (mainly involving immune system) molecular functions, by inducing modifications microbiome. This, turn, may individually collectively increase risk cancer, which then, further modulated genetic susceptibility individual. Here, we provide an updated brief review pathways been identified could explain We identify future challenges need overcome this intriguing field research.

Язык: Английский

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Sleep Deprivation and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis: Current Understandings and Implications

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(11), С. 9603 - 9603

Опубликована: Май 31, 2023

Gut microbiota comprises the microbial communities inhabiting our gastrointestinal (GI) tracts. Accordingly, these complex play a fundamental role in many host processes and are closely implicated human health diseases. Sleep deprivation (SD) has become increasingly common modern society, partly owing to rising pressure of work diversification entertainment. It is well documented that sleep loss significant cause various adverse outcomes on including immune-related metabolic Furthermore, accumulating evidence suggests gut dysbiosis associated with SD-induced In this review, we summarize caused by SD succedent diseases ranging from immune system organs highlight critical roles The implications possible strategies alleviate SD-related also provided.

Язык: Английский

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Bifidobacterium longum 1714 improves sleep quality and aspects of well-being in healthy adults: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2024

Abstract Stress and sleep are linked with overall well-being. Bifidobacterium longum 1714 has been shown to influence stress responses modulate neural during social stress, quality examination in healthy adults. Here, we explored the ability of this strain alter adults using subjective objective measures. Eighty-nine (18–45y) impaired assessed Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) a global score ≥ 5 were randomized receive B. or placebo daily for eight weeks. Assessing effect on PSQI was primary objective. Secondary objectives well-being subjectively parameters actigraphy objectively. While improved both groups, significantly component ( p < 0.05) daytime dysfunction due sleepiness after 4 weeks functioning energy/vitality 8 weeks, compared placebo. No significant measures observed. The had mild sleep, demonstrated by faster improvement at week placebo, although improvements similar groups. increased line previous work that showed modulated activity which correlated enhanced vitality/reduced mental fatigue (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04167475).

Язык: Английский

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The Potential Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Neonatal Brain Development and Adverse Health Outcomes

Children, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(5), С. 552 - 552

Опубликована: Май 5, 2024

Over the past decade, microbiome research has significantly expanded in both scope and volume, leading to development of new models treatments targeting gut–brain axis mitigate effects various disorders. Related suggests that interventions during critical period from birth three years old may yield greatest benefits. Investigating substantial link between gut brain this crucial developmental phase raises fundamental issues about role microorganisms human health development. This underscores importance focusing on prevention rather than treatment neurodevelopmental neuropsychiatric The present review examines microbiota age 3, with a particular focus its potential relationship neurodevelopment. emphasizes immunological mechanisms underlying relationship. Additionally, study investigates impact cognitive neurobehavioral such as anxiety autism. Importantly, it highlights need integrate mechanistic studies animal epidemiological across diverse cultures better understand healthy early life implications dysbiosis. Furthermore, summarizes factors contributing transmission microbiome-targeted therapies their Recent environmental toxins known neurodevelopment are also reviewed, exploring whether or modulate these effects.

Язык: Английский

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Association of lifestyle with sleep health in general population in China: a cross-sectional study

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2024

The concept of a healthy lifestyle is receiving increasing attention. This study sought to identify an optimal profile associated with sleep health in general population China. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted from June July 2022. Six factors were assessed: diet, regular physical exercise, never smoking, drinking alcohol, low sedentary behavior, and normal weight. Participants categorized into the (5-6 factors), average (3-4 unhealthy groups (0-2 factors). study's primary outcome health, which included quality, duration, pattern, presence any disorder or disturbance, including insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, obstructive apnea syndrome, narcolepsy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis applied explore lifestyles selected outcomes. 41,061 individuals included, forming 18.8% healthy, 63.8% average, 17.4% groups. After adjusting for covariates, participants higher likelihood good quality (OR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.46-1.68), duration 1.60, 1.49-1.72), pattern 2.15, 2.00-2.31), lower risks insomnia 0.66, 0.61-0.71), sleepiness 0.60-0.73), syndrome 0.40, 0.37-0.43), but not narcolepsy 0.92, 0.83-1.03), compared those lifestyle. large first our knowledge quantify associations specific aspects health. findings offer support efforts improve by modulating

Язык: Английский

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