Functional Ecology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38(11), С. 2433 - 2446
Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2024
Abstract
Plant
phosphorus
(P)
acquisition
strategy
is
considered
to
be
an
intrinsic
driver
behind
plant
succession.
However,
variations
in
P
strategies
connection
soil
fraction
changes
after
wetland
drainage
remain
unclear.
To
address
this
issue,
here
we
conducted
a
study
six
distinct
wetlands
that
experienced
long‐term
(>20
years)
artificial
drainage,
with
the
adjacent
waterlogged
as
control.
We
analysed
community
composition,
biomass
and
fractions,
identified
three
based
on
acid
phosphatase
activity,
resorption
efficiency,
arbuscular
mycorrhizal
fungi
(AMF)
content.
found
calcium‐bound
(P
Ca
)
enzyme‐extractable
enzyme
were
key
factors
influencing
acquisition.
Soil
correlated
negatively
activity
but
positively
AMF
impacted
efficiency.
The
categorised
into
types
change
richness
each
exhibiting
strategies.
These
corresponded
shifts
fractions.
Overall,
our
highlights
role
of
fractions
explaining
suggesting
regulations
succession
ecosystem
services.
Read
free
Plain
Language
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for
article
Journal
blog.
European Journal of Soil Science,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
76(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Conventional
tillage,
including
ploughing
after
harvest
and/or
for
seedbed
preparation,
aims
to
incorporate
crop
residues
and
weeds
loosen,
mix
aerate
the
soil.
However,
less
beneficial
effects,
such
as
a
loss
of
soil
organic
carbon
(SOC),
are
also
associated
with
intensive
tillage.
This
has
made
reduced
minimum
tillage
systems
without
increasingly
popular
in
agriculture,
contributing
health
climate
change
mitigation.
We
studied
effects
different
on
chemical
microbial
properties
long‐term
field
experiment
established
fine‐sandy
loamy
Haplic
Chernozem
Fuchsenbigl,
Austria,
1988.
The
treatments
include
conventional
(CT)
plough
cultivator
down
30
cm
depth,
(RT)
15
two
three
times
year,
well
(MT)
treated
rotary
driller
once
year
5–8
depth.
In
2016,
sampling
campaign
was
conducted,
alkaline
phosphatase,
phospholipid
fatty
acids
(PLFAs),
nitrogen
(N)
mineralisation
potential
were
analysed
along
SOC,
active
C,
total
(N
t
),
CAL
extractable
phosphorus
(P
)
potassium
(K
).
Under
MT,
these
significantly
higher
compared
CT
0–10
cm.
deeper
layers,
parameters
showed
very
few
significant
differences
between
treatments.
RT
yielded
intermediate
values
but
not
always
from
CT.
PLFA
indicators
correlated
SOC
and,
even
more
distinctly,
N
carbon.
high
ratio
Gram‐positive
Gram‐negative
bacteria
indicates
recalcitrant
matter
top
layer
MT
than
Biology and Fertility of Soils,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
58(4), С. 471 - 486
Опубликована: Март 31, 2022
Abstract
Microplastics
(MP,
plastic
particles
between
0.1
and
5000
μm)
contaminate
agricultural
soils
through
the
application
of
organic
fertilizers,
sewage
sludge,
mulch.
MP
surfaces
MP-soil
interface
provide
specific
habitats
for
soil
microorganisms—the
plastisphere.
Microorganisms
in
plastisphere
may
benefit
from
utilizing
as
a
carbon
(C)
source.
Hydrolyzable
with
ester
bonds
are
susceptible
to
enzymatic
depolymerization
by
hydrolysis.
In
microcosm
experiment,
we
investigated
biodegradation
small
large
(<
0.5
mm
0.5–2
respectively),
hydrolyzable
(a
poly(lactic
acid)/poly(butylene
co-adipate
terephthalate)
blend,
PLA/PBAT)
non-hydrolyzable
(low-density
polyethylene,
LDPE)
polymers,
effects
these
on
microorganisms
dry
wet
MP-amended
soil.
affected
neither
abundance
composition
main
microbial
groups
(fungi,
Gram-negative,
Gram-positive
bacteria),
activities
ß-glucosidase,
ß-xylosidase,
lipase,
phenoloxidase,
nor
respiration
Only
PLA/PBAT
were
significantly
mineralized
(15.4%
initial
PLA/PBAT-C
after
230
days).
mineralization
coincided
enhanced
lipase
ß-glucosidase
individual
extracted
incubation
(compared
LDPE
non-incubated
particles).
We
detected
cracks
using
scanning
electron
microscopy,
indicating
initiation
biodegradation,
presumably
due
lipases.
Results
suggest
that
is
polymer-specific
habitat
lipase-producing
microorganisms.
Our
study
demonstrates
analyzing
biogeochemical
interactions
within
plastispheres
essential
assess
fate
their
impacts
microbially
driven
processes.
New Phytologist,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
242(2), С. 351 - 371
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
Summary
Tropical
forest
root
characteristics
and
resource
acquisition
strategies
are
underrepresented
in
vegetation
global
models,
hampering
the
prediction
of
forest–climate
feedbacks
for
these
carbon‐rich
ecosystems.
Lowland
tropical
forests
often
have
globally
unique
combinations
high
taxonomic
functional
biodiversity,
rainfall
seasonality,
strongly
weathered
infertile
soils,
giving
rise
to
distinct
patterns
traits
functions
compared
with
higher
latitude
We
provide
a
roadmap
integrating
recent
advances
our
understanding
belowground
function
into
focusing
on
water
nutrient
acquisition.
offer
comparisons
empirical
model
that
represent
important
processes
forests.
focus
on:
(1)
fine‐root
soil
exploration,
(2)
coupling
trade‐offs
vs
acquisition,
(3)
aboveground–belowground
linkages
plant
use.
suggest
avenues
representing
extremely
diverse
communities
computationally
manageable
ecologically
meaningful
groups
models
linked
hydro‐nutrient
functions.
undergoing
warming,
shifting
regimes,
exacerbation
scarcity
caused
by
elevated
atmospheric
CO
2
.
The
accurate
representation
is
crucial
interactions
this
biome
climate.
Global Change Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
31(2)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Droughts
affect
soil
microbial
abundance
and
functions—key
parameters
of
plant–soil
carbon
(C)
allocation
dynamics.
However,
the
impact
drought
may
be
modified
by
mean
climatic
conditions
to
which
microbiome
has
previously
been
exposed.
In
a
future
warmer
drier
world,
effects
therefore
differ
from
those
observed
in
studies
that
simulate
under
current
conditions.
To
investigate
this,
we
used
field
experiment
‘Hohenheim
Climate
Change,’
an
arable
where
predicted
had
simulated
for
12
years.
April
2021,
exposed
this
agroecosystem
8
weeks
with
subsequent
rewetting.
Before
drought,
at
peak
after
rewetting,
pulse‐labelled
winter
wheat
situ
13
CO
2
trace
recently
assimilated
C
plants
microorganisms
back
atmosphere.
Severe
decreased
respiration
(−35%)
gram‐positive
bacteria
(−15%)
but
no
effect
on
gram‐negative
bacteria,
fungi,
total
biomass
C.
This
pattern
was
not
affected
precipitation
regime
microbes
pre‐exposed.
Reduced
had,
however,
legacy
decreasing
proportion
allocated
pool
(−50%).
Apart
that,
continuous
warming
important
driver
fluxes
throughout
our
experiment,
increasing
plant
biomass,
root
sugar
concentration,
labile
C,
respiration.
Warming
also
shifted
toward
utilizing
organic
matter
as
source
instead
compounds.
Our
study
found
moderate
shifts
patterns
can
impose
how
plant‐derived
is
temperate
during
drought.
The
overarching
warming,
suggests
agroecosystems
respond
will
mainly
temperature
increases.
Soil Biology and Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
187, С. 109205 - 109205
Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2023
The
analysis
of
phospholipid
fatty
acids
(PLFAs)
is
one
the
most
common
methods
used
to
quantify
abundance,
and
analyse
community
structure,
soil
microbes.
PLFA
extraction
method
can
yield
two
additional
lipid
fractions—neutral
lipids
glycolipids—which
potentially
hold
additional,
valuable
information
on
microbial
communities.
Yet
its
quantitative
sensitivity
complete
neutral
(NLFA)
glycolipid
acid
(GLFA)
profiles
has
never
been
validated.
In
this
study
we
tested
(i)
if
high-throughput
be
expanded
concurrently
extract
NLFA
GLFA
profiles,
as
well
sterols,
(ii)
whether
taxonomic
specificities
signature
are
retained
across
three
fractions
in
pure
culture
strains,
(iii)
NLFAs
GLFAs
allow
soil-specific
fingerprinting
same
extent
analysis.
By
adjusting
polarity
chloroform
with
2%
ethanol
for
solid
phase
extraction,
standards
were
fully
fractionated
into
lipids,
glycolipids,
phospholipids.
Sterols
eluted
fraction,
a
betaine
co-eluted
We
found
consistent
markers
by
analysing
extracts
representative
Fatty
from
extracts,
however,
showed
stronger
differences
between
PLFAs,
NLFAs,
than
types.
This
indicates
that
PLFAs
signify
different
properties
(biomass
vs.
carbon
storage,
putatively),
sensitive
traits
which
behave
differently
PLFAs.
Although
consistently
high
abundances
characteristic
sterols
fungal
only
yielded
miniscule
amounts
ergosterol
extracts.
argue
concomitant
measurement
all
low-effort
information-rich
addition
method,
discuss
applicability
analyses.
Soil Biology and Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
190, С. 109320 - 109320
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2024
Tropical
soil
microorganisms
are
major
recyclers
of
the
biosphere
organic
carbon.
However,
link
tropical
to
two
main
pathways
how
carbon
enters
belowground
system,
i.e.,
plant
roots
and
leaf
litter,
is
poorly
understood.
To
investigate
relative
importance
these
pathways,
we
studied
response
in
litter
underlying
topsoil
root
trenching
(exclusion
living
roots)
removal
rainforests,
this
altered
by
rainforest
conversion
rubber
oil
palm
plantations.
Unexpectedly,
linkage
between
microbial
biomass
was
stronger
than
across
land-use
types,
indicating
that
trees
prioritize
mining
for
nutrients
rather
soil.
After
trenching,
basal
respiration
decreased
32%
38%,
respectively,
whereas
remained
unchanged
fatty
acid
profiles
indicated
proportion
total
mycorrhizal
fungi
soil,
with
effect
on
being
especially
strong
when
present.
Litter
neither
significantly
affected
nor
community
structure
suggesting
compartmentalization
processing
Overall,
results
suggest
types
root-derived
resources
shape
via
different
communities
relying
heavily
carbon,
structured
predominantly
long-term
factors
related
history.