Effectors and predictors of conceptus survival in cattle: what is next?

Domestic Animal Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 92, С. 106939 - 106939

Опубликована: Март 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Effect of heat stress on pig production and its mitigation strategies: a review

Tropical Animal Health and Production, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 57(3)

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Innovative Technologies for Climate-Smart Agriculture for Pioneering Resilience Through Climate Adaptation and Mitigation in Farming Systems

Advances in environmental engineering and green technologies book series, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 177 - 216

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025

Variations in climate and extreme weather pose significant threats to agriculture India, where farming is highly sensitive climatic fluctuations. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) offers a sustainable solution by enhancing productivity, building resilience, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It integrates innovative technologies like precision farming, remote sensing, biotechnology optimize resources improve crop resilience. Global frameworks the Paris Agreement SDGs highlight CSA's role ensuring food security sustainability. In initiatives such as ICAR-NICRA CCAFS have introduced Villages (CSVs) promote climate-resilient practices across diverse agro-climatic zones. However, barriers limited awareness, high costs, infrastructure challenges hinder CSA adoption. Addressing these through collaboration, policy support, investments crucial for scaling up achieving long-term agricultural

Язык: Английский

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Genomic analyses and biological validation of candidate genes for rectal temperature as an indicator of heat stress in Holstein cattle

Journal of Dairy Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 104(4), С. 4441 - 4451

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2021

Heat stress is a major cause of welfare issues and economic losses to the worldwide dairy cattle industry. Genetic selection for heat tolerance has great potential positively affect industry, as gains are permanent cumulative over generations. Rectal temperature (RT) hypothesized be good indicator trait tolerance. Therefore, this study investigated genetic architecture RT by estimating parameters, performing genome-wide association studies, biologically validating candidate genes identified related in Holstein cattle. A total 33,013 records from 7,598 cows were used study. In addition, 1,114 genotyped using Illumina 150K Bovine BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, CA). measurements taken morning (AMRT) afternoon (PMRT) moderately heritable traits, with estimates 0.09 ± 0.02 0.04 0.01, respectively. These 2 traits also highly genetically correlated (r = 0.90 0.08). 10 SNPs (located on BTA3, BTA4, BTA8, BTA13, BTA14, BTA29) found significantly associated AMRT PMRT. Subsequently, gene expression analyses performed validate key functional (SPAG17, FAM107B, TSNARE1, RALYL, PHRF1). This was done through vitro exposure peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) different temperatures (37°C, 39°C, 42°C). The relative mRNA genes, FAM107B PHRF1, changed between control stressed PBMC. summary, heritable, enough variability exists enable improvement Important genomic regions validated; PHRF1 main influence response

Язык: Английский

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Improving Genomic Selection for Heat Tolerance in Dairy Cattle: Current Opportunities and Future Directions

Frontiers in Genetics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

Heat tolerance is the ability of an animal to maintain production and reproduction levels under hot humid conditions now a trait economic relevance in dairy systems worldwide because escalating warming climate. The Australian population one excellent study models for enhancing our understanding biology heat they are predominantly kept outdoors on pastures where experience direct effects weather elements (e.g., solar radiation). In this article, we focus evidence from recent studies Australia that leveraged large dataset [∼40,000 animals with phenotypes 15 million whole-genome sequence variants] elucidate genetic basis thermal stress as critical part strategy breed cattle adapted warmer environments. Genotype-by-environment interaction (i.e., G × E) due temperature humidity variation increasing, meaning becoming less more sensitive) changing There opportunities reverse trend accelerate adaptation climate by 1) selecting robust or heat-resilient 2) including resilience indicators breeding goals. Candidate causal variants related nervous system metabolic functions relevant and, therefore, key improving trait. This could include adding these custom SNP panels used routine genomic evaluations design specific agonist antagonist compounds lowering core body conditions. Indeed, it was encouraging see prioritized functionally into 50k panel industry evaluation Australia) increased prediction accuracy up 10% units. gain improvement has linear relationship accuracy. Overall, while article data mainly Australia, benefit other countries aim develop values tolerance, considering topical issue worldwide.

Язык: Английский

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Differences in body temperature regulation during heat stress and seasonal depression in milk yield between Holstein, Brown Swiss, and crossbred cows

Journal of Dairy Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 106(5), С. 3625 - 3632

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2023

It is not clear whether cattle that are genetically superior in regulation of body temperature during heat stress also better able to sustain milk production hot conditions. Objectives were evaluate differences between Holstein, Brown Swiss, and crossbred cows under semi-tropical conditions test the seasonal depression yield was greater for genetic groups less regulate temperature. For first objective, conducted stress, vaginal measured at 15-min intervals 5 d 133 pregnant lactating cows. Vaginal temperatures affected by time interaction group time. higher Holsteins most times day. Moreover, maximum daily Holstein (39.8 ± 0.1°C) than Swiss (39.3 0.2°C) or crossbreds (39.2 0.1°C). second 6,179 lactation records from 2,976 analyzed determine effects season calving (cool = Oct March; warm April Sept) on 305-d yield. Milk but season. The difference average cool versus weather 310 kg (4% decrease) 480 (7% 420 (6% crossbreds. In conclusion, regulated these breeds more resistant with respect Thus, thermotolerance likely exist independent

Язык: Английский

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Consequences of gene editing of PRLR on thermotolerance, growth, and male reproduction in cattle

FASEB BioAdvances, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 6(8), С. 223 - 234

Опубликована: Июнь 18, 2024

Abstract Global warming is a major challenge to the sustainable and humane production of food because increased risk livestock heat stress. Here, example prolactin receptor ( PRLR ) gene used demonstrate how editing can increase resistance cattle stress by introduction mutations conferring thermotolerance. Several populations in South Central America possess natural that result affected animals having short hair being thermotolerant. CRISPR/Cas9 technology was introduce variants two thermosensitive breeds – Angus Jersey. Gene‐edited exhibited superior ability regulate vaginal temperature (heifers) rectal (bulls) compared were not gene‐edited. Moreover, gene‐edited growth characteristics had larger scrotal circumference. There no evidence for deleterious effects mutation on carcass or male reproductive function. These results indicate potential reducing relevant environments enhance productivity.

Язык: Английский

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Impact of hot weather on animal performance and genetic strategies to minimise the effect

Animal Production Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 62(8), С. 726 - 735

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2022

Dairy cows in Australia and New Zealand are generally kept outdoors, making them susceptible to weather variability particular heat stress. In this paper, we review (1) exploiting genetic improve tolerance, (2) genotype by environment interactions, i.e. suitability of high merit (3) how novel phenotyping genomics can help tolerance. Selection for tolerance is a permanent cumulative strategy especially useful grazing situations where management practices, such as cooling mechanisms, sometimes impractical. was the first country world release breeding values dairy cattle nationally 2017. The value captures variation reduction milk production traits with rising temperature humidity. have been validated independent studies (in Victoria, Australia, California, USA), showing that thermotolerant maintain lower core body under hot humid conditions. Genotype interactions sensitive only concern farms very extreme conditions therefore affect small proportion individuals (those 5th percentile). Heat complex trait addition traits, health fertility may also be affected. Next-generation include sensor device information changes composition, or other measurable biomarkers. This when measured genotyped female populations. Research into ways measuring could transform way select capture more complexity trait. To successful area, multi-disciplinary collaboration among animal scientists likely facilitate goal. Combining genomics, traditional measures intermediate metabolic biomarkers prioritised variants thermotolerance future values. Finally, selecting resilient feasible good example this.

Язык: Английский

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Candidate genes associated with heat stress and breeding strategies to relieve its effects in dairy cattle: a deeper insight into the genetic architecture and immune response to heat stress

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10

Опубликована: Сен. 13, 2023

The need for food products of animal origin is increasing worldwide. Satisfying these needs in a way that has minimal impact on the environment requires cutting-edge technologies and techniques to enhance genetic quality cattle. Heat stress (HS), particular, affecting dairy cattle with frequency severity. As future climatic challenges become more evident, identifying cows are tolerant HS will be important breeding herds better adapted environmental conditions supporting sustainability farming. While research into genetics context effect global warming gaining momentum, specific genomic regions involved heat tolerance still not well documented. Advances omics information, QTL mapping, transcriptome profiling genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified variants associated HS. Such could provide deeper insights basis response make an contribution tolerance, which help offset adverse effects Overall, there great interest candidate genes proportion variation cattle, this area currently very active This review provides comprehensive information pertaining some notable recent architecture particular emphasis Since effective programs require optimal knowledge impaired immunity health complications caused by HS, underlying mechanisms modulates immune renders animals susceptible various disorders explained. In addition, strategies relieve improve their welfare while maintaining milk production discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Read-depth based approach on whole genome resequencing data reveals important insights into the copy number variation (CNV) map of major global buffalo breeds

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2023

Elucidating genome-wide structural variants including copy number variations (CNVs) have gained increased significance in recent times owing to their contribution genetic diversity and association with important pathophysiological states. The present study aimed elucidate the high-resolution CNV map of six different global buffalo breeds using whole genome resequencing data at two coverages (10X 30X). Post-quality control, sequence reads were aligned latest draft release Bubaline genome. CNVs elucidated a read-depth approach CNVnator bin sizes. Adjacent concatenated into variation regions (CNVRs) genomic coverage was elucidated.Overall, average size CNVR lower 30X coverage, providing finer details. Most CNVRs either deletion or duplication type while occurrence mixed events lesser on comparative basis all breeds. (0.201 Mb) as compared 10X (0.013 finest Banni buffaloes. maximum observed Murrah (2627) Pandharpuri (25,688) coverages, respectively. Whereas minimum scored Surti both (2092 17,373). On other hand, highest lowest Jaffarabadi (833 10,179 events) (783 7553 coverages. Deletion overnumbered duplications Gene profiling common overlapped genes longest provided insights evolutionary history these indicate under selection respective breeds.The is first its kind major populations data. results revealed divergence along timescale.

Язык: Английский

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