A developmental framework for understanding the influence of sex and gender on health: Pediatric pain as an exemplar

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 158, С. 105546 - 105546

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Sex differences are a robust finding in many areas of adult health, including cardiovascular disease, psychiatric disorders, and chronic pain. However, sex not consistently observed until after the onset puberty. This has led to hypothesis that hormones primary contributors health outcomes, largely ignoring relative contributions early developmental influences, emerging psychosocial factors, gender, interaction between these variables. In this paper, we argue comprehensive understanding gender outcomes should start as conception take an iterative biopsychosocial-developmental perspective considers intersecting social positions. We present conceptual framework, informed by review literature basic, clinical, science captures how critical stages for both can affect children's longer-term outcomes. The on pediatric pain is used worked example framework be applied different conditions.

Язык: Английский

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Challenges with embedding an integrated sex and gender perspective into pain research: Recommendations and opportunities

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 117, С. 112 - 121

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2023

The focus of this article, within BBI horizons special issue, is on sex, gender, and pain. We summarise what currently known about sex- gender-related variations in pain, exploring intersectional biological psychosocial mechanisms, highlight gaps knowledge understanding. Five key challenges with the exploration sex gender pain research are presented, relating to: conceptual imprecision, bias, limitations binary descriptions, integrating timely adoption/implementation good practice. Guidance how to overcome such provided. Despite clear evidence for differences there methodological barriers overcome. Innovation methods approach can help develop more effective tailored treatment approaches men, women, boys, girls, gender-diverse people.

Язык: Английский

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Functional brain network dynamics mediate the relationship between female reproductive aging and interpersonal adversity

Nature Mental Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Abstract Premature reproductive aging is linked to heightened stress sensitivity and psychological maladjustment across the life course. However, brain dynamics underlying this relationship are poorly understood. Here, address issue, we analyzed multimodal data from female participants in Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (longitudinal, N = 441; aged 9–12 years) Human Connectome-Aging (cross-sectional, 130; 36–60 studies. Age-specific intrinsic functional network mediated link between perceptions of greater interpersonal adversity. The adolescent profile overlapped areas glutamatergic dopaminergic receptor density, middle-aged was concentrated visual, attentional default mode networks. two profiles showed opposite relationships with patterns neural variability cortical atrophy observed psychosis versus major depressive disorder. Our findings underscore divergent maturation senescence, which may explain developmentally specific vulnerabilities distinct disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Experiences of Gender-Diverse Youth Living With Chronic Pain

PEDIATRICS, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 155(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

Although sex differences in pain are well documented, little is known regarding the relationship between gender and pain. Gender-diverse youth experience unique risk factors, including minority stress exposure, but underrepresented research. Elicit experiences of gender-diverse who live with chronic Semistructured interviews were conducted virtually using Zoom. Youth recruited from a Canadian tertiary care pediatric hospital, community-based clinics, general population. Interviews recorded, transcribed, analyzed patient partner reflexive thematic analysis, integrating relevant existing theoretical empirical models for understanding pain, identity development, stress, intersectionality. The final sample included 19 represented variety identities conditions reported accessing range types levels care. Three themes identified through qualitative analysis: (1) fight to legitimize both their gender, (2) tension affirming managing role euphoria as buffer against (3) intersecting (eg, neurodiversity race) youths' experiences. In diverse invalidation difficulty experienced context stressors sources joy living individual. These results point need more intersectional research integration findings into clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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Headache after pediatric traumatic brain injury: a comparison between a post-acute sample of children and adolescents and general population

The Journal of Headache and Pain, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

Headache is one of the most common post-concussion symptoms following pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). To better understand its impact on young individuals, this study aims to investigate prevalence headache in a German-speaking post-acute TBI sample and compare it with general population. In addition, factors associated development post-TBI are investigated improve understanding condition. A (3 months up 10 years post-injury) comprising N = 463 children adolescents aged 8 17 from individuals population matched for gender, age, health status were included study. The Postconcussion Symptom Inventory (PCSI) item assessing was used as outcome variable. Logistic regression examine association between risk developing sociodemographic health-related factors. Slightly less than half participants reported presence (TBI sample: 46%; controls: 44%). Compared controls, odds not significantly different (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.85 1.4, p 0.49). PCSI generally stronger controls sample. sample, probability reporting increased age. results suggest that phase non-TBI population, indicating good recovery injury. However, due high prevalence, follow-up screening symptom, especially adolescents, may be helpful prevent further chronification. retrospectively registered German Clinical Trials Register International Registry Platform (ID DRKS00032854).

Язык: Английский

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Does pregnancy in adolescence increase the chances of osteoporosis among aged women? Findings from the ELSI study

Australasian Journal on Ageing, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 44(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

Abstract Objective Bone mineral density changes during the life span, rising rapidly adolescence, plateauing around 30 years of age and decreasing in later years. Life events such as pregnancy lactation temporarily reduce bone density, their long‐term effects on osteoporosis development are still unclear. This study aimed to analyse association between adolescence aged women. Methods was a cross‐sectional conducted with data from ELSI‐Brazil baseline (2015–2016). The sample consisted 2634 women 60 old or over complete information for variables interest. Data collection through individual home interviews physical assessments. dependent variable independent interest adolescents under 20 age. tested using multiple logistic regression. Results prevalence 32%, percentage who reported 38%. After adjusting socio‐economic health variables, an observed (OR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.09–1.73), which indicates that specific interventions teenage mothers could help prevent life. Conclusion Women before were more likely report age, indicating can be criterion directing actions

Язык: Английский

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Neuropsychological and Behavioral Aspects of Substance Use and Mental Disorders in Adolescence

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Sex related difference in postoperative pain and opioid use following posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Spine Deformity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3), С. 711 - 715

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Abstract Purpose This project aims to evaluate the relationship between biological sex and postoperative pain in patients receiving posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Methods is a retrospective study of (n=137) aged 10-17 scoliosis 01/2018 09/2022. Each patient received surgery by same pediatric orthopedic surgeon with identical management regimen at children’s hospital or tertiary referral center spine program. Results There were no significant differences any background characteristics male female patients, including age, BMI, number levels fused, preoperative degree scoliosis, length anesthesia (p>0.05). amount given intraoperative medications, nor scheduled analgesics Female demonstrated higher average scores on Visual Analogue Scale evaluations during first 24 hours postoperatively (5.0 vs 3.6, p<0.0001), 24-48 (4.9 4.0, p=0.03), physical therapy evaluation (5.3 3.8, p<0.001). These significantly greater amounts morphine milligram equivalents (42.2 31.5, p=0.01) hospitalization total (63.8 51.3, p=0.048). was difference until discharge (44.3 42.6, p=0.62) ambulation (20.1 21.3, p=0.24) patients. Conclusion The influence biopsychosocial factors adolescents complex. adds existing pool literature suggesting perception undergoing may benefit from increased counseling more aggressive intra- regimens.

Язык: Английский

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The role of androgens in migraine pathophysiology

Neurobiology of Pain, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16, С. 100171 - 100171

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024

Migraine affects ∼12 % of the worldwide population and is more prevalent in females, which suggests a role sex hormones migraine pathophysiology. Most studies have focused on estrogen progesterone, involvement androgens has been less studied. However, due to recent advances androgen interventions, could advance new androgen-based treatments, it critical better understand migraine. Testosterone, most studied androgen, was found an antinociceptive effect various animal human pain studies. Thus, also protective related lower severity prevalence. In this review, we discuss examining migraine-related symptoms models. Additionally, summarize results comparing levels between patients with healthy controls, assessing relationships severity, intervention impact testosterone treatment severity. Many limitations, however, suggest that may minor Still, possible are involved pathophysiology sub-group such as adolescents or postmenopausal women. We potential mechanisms testosterone, main tested, can These range from cellular level systems behavior include sensory neurons, immune vascular systems, stress response, brain function, mood. Lastly, future directions line research.

Язык: Английский

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Reference values for the adolescent post version of the Postconcussion Symptom Inventory from the German general population

European Journal of Pediatrics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 184(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024

Abstract The present study aims at providing reference values from the general pediatric population for German version of 21-item self-report post Postconcussion Symptom Inventory adolescents aged 13–17 years (PCSI-SR13) following traumatic brain injury (pTBI). A total N = 950 completed an adapted PCSI-SR13. Prior to establishing using percentiles, psychometric properties (i.e., reliability and factorial validity) regression analyses were examined identify factors contributing PCSI-SR13 scores. In addition, construct assessment in sample was compared that pTBI ( 234) measurement invariance direct comparisons score levels. results indicate good (Cronbach’s α McDonald’s ω 0.97 each). four-factor structure covering physical, emotional, cognitive, fatigue symptom groups could be replicated with χ 2 (183) 995.96, p < 0.001, /df 5.44, CFI 0.99, TLI 0.98, RMSEA (90% CI) 0.068 (0.064, 0.073), SRMR 0.03. With minor restrictions, symptoms comparable between samples. Participants reported a significantly higher burden than those sample. Reference provided without further stratification. Conclusion: For PCSI-SR13, are now available drawing conclusions about clinical relevance symptoms, while considering prevalence history pTBI. Trial registration: is retrospectively registered Clinical Trials Register International Registry Platform (ID DRKS00032854). What Known: • Pediatric (pTBI) major cause death disability, wide range incidence rates interfere daily functioning recovery. (PCSI), including recently translated validated versions, recommended tool measuring self-reported affected children adolescents. New: This provides German-specific allowing health care professionals better differentiate may occur adolescent chronic conditions caused by It highlights but often report levels emotional fatigue, emphasizing importance nuanced assessment, medical history.

Язык: Английский

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