Research Square (Research Square),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 29, 2024
Abstract
CD11c-positive
(CD11c
+
)
microglia
have
attracted
considerable
attention
because
of
their
potential
implications
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
development,
homeostasis,
and
disease.
However,
the
spatiotemporal
dynamics
proportion
CD11c
individual
CNS
regions
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
investigated
six
(forebrain,
olfactory
bulb,
diencephalon/midbrain,
cerebellum,
pons/medulla,
spinal
cord)
from
developmental
to
adult
stages
by
flow
cytometry
immunohistochemical
analyses
using
a
reporter
transgenic
mouse
line,
Itgax-Venus
.
We
found
that
total
varied
between
during
postnatal
development.
Specifically,
was
high
bulb
cerebellum
at
day
P(4)
P7,
respectively,
approximately
half
were
The
declined
sharply
all
P14,
low
percentage
persisted
over
P56.
In
cord,
also
P4
but
increased
again
P21
thereafter.
Interestingly,
distribution
pattern
cord
markedly
changed
gray
matter
white
P21.
Collectively,
our
findings
reveal
differences
among
early
development
normal
mice.
These
improve
understanding
nature
microglial
heterogeneity
its
CNS.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(11), С. 5905 - 5905
Опубликована: Май 28, 2024
Substance
P
(SP)
plays
a
crucial
role
in
pain
modulation,
with
significant
implications
for
major
depressive
disorder
(MDD),
anxiety
disorders,
and
post-traumatic
stress
(PTSD).
Elevated
SP
levels
are
linked
to
heightened
sensitivity
various
psychiatric
conditions,
spurring
interest
potential
therapeutic
interventions.
In
chronic
pain,
commonly
associated
MDD
emerges
as
key
mediator
emotional
regulation.
This
review
examines
SP’s
impact
on
perception
its
contributions
MDD,
PTSD.
The
association
of
increased
conditions
underscores
importance
modulation.
Additionally,
influences
the
pathophysiology
PTSD,
highlighting
target.
Understanding
diverse
effects
provides
valuable
insights
into
mechanisms
underlying
these
disorders
their
treatment.
Further
research
is
essential
explore
modulation
develop
more
effective
treatment
strategies.
Abstract
CD11c-positive
(CD11c
+
)
microglia
have
attracted
considerable
attention
because
of
their
potential
implications
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
development,
homeostasis,
and
disease.
However,
the
spatiotemporal
dynamics
proportion
CD11c
individual
CNS
regions
are
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
investigated
six
(forebrain,
olfactory
bulb,
diencephalon/midbrain,
cerebellum,
pons/medulla,
spinal
cord)
from
developmental
to
adult
stages
by
flow
cytometry
immunohistochemical
analyses
using
a
reporter
transgenic
mouse
line,
Itgax-Venus
.
We
found
that
total
varied
between
during
postnatal
development.
Specifically,
was
high
bulb
cerebellum
at
day
P(4)
P7,
respectively,
approximately
half
were
The
declined
sharply
all
P14,
low
percentage
persisted
over
P56.
In
cord,
also
P4
but
increased
again
P21
thereafter.
Interestingly,
distribution
pattern
cord
markedly
changed
gray
matter
white
P21.
Collectively,
our
findings
reveal
differences
among
early
development
normal
mice.
These
improve
understanding
nature
microglial
heterogeneity
its
CNS.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(7), С. 487 - 487
Опубликована: Март 24, 2025
Chronic
pain
is
a
widespread
global
health
problem
with
profound
socioeconomic
implications,
affecting
millions
of
people
all
ages.
Glial
cells
(GCs)
in
pathways
play
essential
roles
the
processing
signals.
Dysregulation
GC
activity
contributes
to
chronic
states,
making
them
targets
for
therapeutic
interventions.
Non-pharmacological
approaches,
such
as
exercise,
are
strongly
recommended
effective
management.
This
review
examines
link
between
regular
physical
(PA),
and
glial
cell-mediated
processing,
highlighting
its
potential
strategy
managing
pain.
Exercise
not
only
improves
overall
quality
life
but
also
influences
function
GCs.
Recent
research
highlights
ability
exercise
mitigate
neuroinflammatory
responses
modulate
GCs
by
reducing
activation
microglia
astrocytes,
well
modulating
expression
biomarkers,
thereby
attenuating
hypersensitivity.
Here,
we
summarize
new
insights
into
role
non-pharmacological
intervention
relief
Cells,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(7), С. 484 - 484
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Recent
studies
have
revealed
marked
sex
differences
in
pathophysiological
roles
of
spinal
microglia
neuropathic
pain,
with
contributing
to
pain
exacerbation
exclusively
males.
However,
the
characteristics
pain-enhancing
microglia,
which
are
more
prominent
males,
remain
poorly
understood.
Here,
we
reanalyzed
a
previously
published
single-cell
RNA
sequencing
dataset
and
identified
microglial
subpopulation
that
significantly
increases
dorsal
horn
(SDH)
male
mice
following
peripheral
nerve
injury.
CC-chemokine
ligand
4
(CCL4)
was
highly
expressed
this
its
mRNA
levels
were
increased
SDH
after
partial
sciatic
ligation
(PSL)
only
mice.
Notably,
CCL4
expression
reduced
depletion,
indicating
primary
source
CCL4.
Intrathecal
administration
maraviroc,
an
inhibitor
CCL4–CC-chemokine
receptor
5
(CCR5)
signaling
pathway,
PSL,
suppressed
mechanical
allodynia
Furthermore,
intrathecal
induced
both
sexes,
accompanied
by
c-fos,
neuronal
excitation
marker,
SDH.
These
findings
highlight
sex-biased
difference
gene
profile
injury,
elevated
potentially
exacerbation.
Molecular Neurobiology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
61(5), С. 2672 - 2685
Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023
Neuropathic
pain
is
one
of
the
most
debilitating
forms
chronic
pain,
resulting
from
an
injury
or
disease
somatosensory
nervous
system,
which
induces
abnormal
painful
sensations
including
allodynia
and
hyperalgesia.
Available
treatments
are
limited
by
severe
side-effects
reduced
efficacy
in
phase
disease.
Sigma-1
receptor
(σ1R)
has
been
identified
as
a
chaperone
protein,
modulate
opioid
receptors
activities
functioning
several
ion
channels,
exerting
role
transmission.
As
such,
it
represents
druggable
target
to
treat
neuropathic
pain.
This
study
aims
at
investigating
therapeutic
potential
novel
compound
(+)-2R/S-LP2,
σ1R
antagonist,
reducing
behaviour
modulating
neuroinflammatory
environment.
We
showed
that
repeated
administration
significantly
inhibited
mechanical
rats,
increasing
withdrawal
threshold
compared
CCI-vehicle
rats.
Moreover,
we
found
(+)-2R/S-LP2-mediated
effects
resolve
microenvironment
central
gliosis
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
expression
levels.
effect
was
coupled
with
significant
reduction
connexin
43
(Cx43)
levels
gap
junctions/hemichannels
mediated
microglia-to-astrocyte
communication.
These
results
suggest
inhibition
attenuates
chronicization,
thus
representing
viable
effective
strategy.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(7), С. 566 - 566
Опубликована: Март 23, 2024
Satellite
glial
cells
(SGCs)
are
the
main
type
of
in
sensory
ganglia.
Animal
studies
have
shown
that
these
play
essential
roles
both
normal
and
disease
states.
In
a
large
number
pain
models,
SGCs
were
activated
contributed
to
behavior.
Much
less
is
known
about
humans,
but
there
emerging
recognition
humans
altered
variety
clinical
The
available
data
show
human
share
some
features
with
rodents,
many
differences
do
exist.
DRG
from
patients
suffering
common
painful
diseases,
such
as
rheumatoid
arthritis
fibromyalgia,
may
contribute
phenotype.
It
was
found
immunoglobulins
G
(IgG)
fibromyalgia
can
induce
pain-like
behavior
mice.
Moreover,
IgGs
bind
preferentially
activate
them,
which
sensitize
neurons,
causing
nociception.
other
evidence
not
direct
it
has
been
an
antibody
patient
binds
mouse
SGCs,
leads
release
pronociceptive
factors
them.
Herpes
zoster
another
disease,
appears
virus
resides
acquire
abnormal
morphology
participate
infection
generation.
More
work
needs
be
undertaken
on
this
review
points
several
promising
avenues
for
better
understanding
mechanisms
developing
effective
therapies.
Frontiers in Neurology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
Neuropathic
pain
is
a
chronic
pathological
caused
by
nervous
system
damage,
characterized
complex
mechanisms
and
limited
treatment
efficacy.
Glial
cells
play
pivotal
role
in
the
initiation
maintenance
of
neuropathic
pain.
This
study
employs
bibliometric
analysis
to
explore
trends
emerging
hotspots
research
on
relationship
between
glial
Based
literature
data
from
Web
Science
Core
Collection
spanning
2003
2022,
identifies
key
contributors
field,
including
leading
countries
such
as
China,
United
States,
Japan,
well
influential
institutions
journals,
University
California
Pain.
Keyword
highlights
focusing
cell
activation,
spinal
cord
injury,
satellite
cells,
oxidative
stress,
neuroinflammation.
The
findings
suggest
that
these
themes
may
shape
future
directions
field.
provides
researchers
with
comprehensive
overview
hotspot
analysis,
offering
valuable
insights
for
further
investigation
into
It
is
known
that
stress
powerfully
alters
pain,
but
its
underlying
mechanisms
remain
elusive.
Here,
we
identified
a
circuit,
locus
coeruleus
descending
noradrenergic
neurons
projecting
to
the
spinal
dorsal
horn
(LC
→SDH
-NA
neurons),
activated
by
acute
exposure
restraint
and
required
for
stress-induced
mechanical
pain
hypersensitivity
in
mice.
Interestingly,
primary
target
of
NA
released
from
LC
-NAergic
terminals
causing
was
α
1A
-adrenaline
receptors
(α
Rs)
Hes5-positive
(Hes5
+
)
astrocytes
located
SDH,
an
astrocyte
subset
has
ability
induce
sensitization.
Furthermore,
activation
Hes5
reduced
activity
SDH-inhibitory
(SDH-INs)
have
inhibitory
role
processing.
This
astrocytic
reduction
IN
canceled
A
1
-adenosine
receptor
(A
R)-knockdown
SDH-INs,
R-knockdown
suppressed
caused
stress.
Therefore,
our
findings
suggest
neuronal
signaling
SDH
subsequent
SDH-IN
are
essential
facilitation
