Recent Progress of Mycotoxin in Various Food Products—Human Exposure and Health Risk Assessment

Foods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(5), С. 865 - 865

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Mycotoxins, as prevalent contaminants in the food chain, exhibit diverse toxicological effects on both animals and humans. Chronic dietary exposure to mycotoxin-contaminated foods may result bioaccumulation of these toxins, posing substantial public health risks. This review systematically examines contamination patterns mycotoxins across major categories, including cereals related products, animal-derived foods, fruits, medical materials. Furthermore, we critically evaluated two methodological frameworks for assessing mycotoxin risks: (1) models integrating levels consumption data (2) human biomonitoring approaches quantifying biomarkers biological samples. A key contribution lies stratified analysis disparities among population subgroups (adults, teenagers, children, infants). Additionally, summarize current research relationship between associated impacts, with a particular emphasis vulnerable groups such pregnant women infants. By elucidating challenges inherent existing studies, this synthesis provides roadmap advancing risk characterization evidence-based safety interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Time-Dependent Changes in Performance, Biochemistry, and Histology in Dairy Calves with Acute Aflatoxicosis

Veterinary Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 12(3), С. 273 - 273

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Aflatoxins (AFs) are secondary metabolites of Aspergillus spp. They highly toxic, carcinogenic, and immunosuppressive; AFs cause nonspecific disorders in humans animals, which makes their diagnosis complex. The objective was to describe the time course toxic effects a single exposure AFs-contaminated feed. Fifteen male calves (2 weeks old) were examined over 30 days for clinical, biochemical, pathological changes resulting from ingestion AF-contaminated feed (1.0 mg/kg BW). Compared with 15 unexposed calves, exposed showed transient depression rough coat; BW gain, dry matter intake, albumin, total plasma protein, hepatic renal glutathione-S-transferase concentrations progressively decreased. However, conversion ratio (feed/BW), bilirubin, direct alkaline phosphatase, reduced glutathione, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alanine aspartate aminotransferases increased. Necropsy histology at 7 postexposure (dpe) liver multifocal hemorrhages, yellowish coloration, friable consistency, periportal fibrosis, steatosis. Kidneys hemorrhagic, brush border losses, glomerular atrophy, sclerotic glomerulonephritis, lymphocytic infiltration. dpe, pale discoloration, diffuse macrovesicular steatosis, fibrosis. kidneys had mottled appearance firm loss normal architecture, thickening Bowman’s capsule. These results suggest that identification alterations animal performance biochemical histological characteristics could be useful integrating proper bovine aflatoxicosis.

Язык: Английский

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Mycotoxins in Feed: Hazards, Toxicology, and Plant Extract-Based Remedies

Metabolites, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4), С. 219 - 219

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Background: Mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites produced by fungi, prevalent in animal feed and pose a serious risk to the healthy growth of livestock poultry. Methods: This review aims conclude current knowledge on detrimental effects mycotoxins health demonstrate potential plant extracts as means counteract mycotoxin toxicity feed. A systematic literature was conducted identify studies impact poultry health, well research into use additives mitigate effects. Studies were selected based their relevance topic, data extracted regarding mechanisms action efficacy extracts. Results: Excessive can lead reduced appetite, impaired digestion, general issues animals, resulting decreased food intake, slowed weight gain, instances acute poisoning. Plant with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic properties have shown improve production efficiency reduce toxic mycotoxins. Conclusion: comprehensive not only consolidates well-documented adverse but also introduces novel perspective highlighting promising natural solution toxicity.

Язык: Английский

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Multi-Mycotoxin Contamination of Aquaculture Feed: A Global Survey

Toxins, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(3), С. 116 - 116

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Plant-based materials are increasingly being used as ingredients of aquaculture feed. These prone to mycotoxin contamination, mycotoxigenic fungi infest crop plants in the field and agricultural products during storage. As mycotoxins can cause toxic effects aquatic animals, their occurrence feedstuffs should be monitored. To this end, we performed an extensive global survey contamination feed plant-based raw materials. We collected samples compound for fish (n = 226) shrimps 61), maize 3448), DDGS 149), wheat 1578), soybean 428), rice 65). analyzed concentrations 51 mycotoxins, emerging masked metabolites. Mycotoxins were almost ubiquitously present feed, >90% contaminated with at least one mycotoxin. Feed exhibited distinct patterns consistent known susceptibility fungal pathogens production process. Unsafe aflatoxin B1 exceeding EU maximum level detected 7.2% samples. While most complied guidance values deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins, a comparison dietary reported adverse published studies indicated that significant fractions contained potentially harmful levels these mycotoxins. In addition regulated several (e.g., enniatins, beauvericin, alternariol, moniliformin) prevalent. was frequently co-contaminated multiple indicating risk combined effects. conclusion, common exert species. Results highlight necessity targeted on mixtures shrimp.

Язык: Английский

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Review article: Recent advances in enzyme technologies for mitigating mycotoxin contamination in poultry feed

The Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100544 - 100544

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Novel functional DNA-linked immunosorbent assay for aflatoxin B1 with dual-modality based on hybrid chain reaction

Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 305, С. 123474 - 123474

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2023

Язык: Английский

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The Emergence of N. sativa L. as a Green Antifungal Agent

Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(16), С. 1521 - 1534

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024

L. has been widely used in the Unani, Ayurveda, Chinese, and Arabic medicine systems a long history of medicinal folk uses. Several phytoconstituents plant are reported to have excellent therapeutic properties.

Язык: Английский

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Rapid quantification of aflatoxin in food at the point of need: A monitoring tool for food systems dashboards

Current Research in Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6, С. 100153 - 100153

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Aflatoxins (AFs) are naturally occurring mycotoxins known to cause a considerable threat food safety and affect animal health. Rapid reliable analytical methods crucial for preventing AF contamination in the global supply chain. Many conventional detection involve complex sample preparation steps, lengthy analysis times, multiple handling stages which lead delays obtaining results, addition being unaffordable many settings with resource constraints. Herein, we demonstrate proof of concept competitive immunochromatographic (IC) strip test quantification total using commercially available antibodies low-cost portable CubeTM analyzer. We conducted preliminary testing our point-of-need (PON) method corn samples results indicated good agreement when compared gold standard HPLC method. Furthermore, range 5–50 ppb time 5 min, makes this technology suitable rapid meets regulatory requirements samples. also real-time data sharing capabilities reader proof-of-concept centralized cloud-based databank, that developed provide timely monitoring different parts systems. It is critical be easily accessible within systems dashboard enable early warning, data-driven decision-making, interventions, improve overall coordination between various stakeholders system.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanistic insights into the parental co-exposure of T-2 toxin and epoxiconazole on the F1 generation of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 361, С. 142388 - 142388

Опубликована: Май 20, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Detection of food toxins at surfactant-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 415 - 441

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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