Nobiletin and Eriodictyol Suppress Release of IL-1β, CXCL8, IL-6, and MMP-9 from LPS, SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein, and Ochratoxin A-Stimulated Human Microglia
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(2), С. 636 - 636
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025
Neuroinflammation
is
involved
in
various
neurological
and
neurodegenerative
disorders
which
the
activation
of
microglia
one
key
factors.
In
this
study,
we
examined
anti-inflammatory
effects
flavonoids
nobiletin
(5,6,7,8,3′,4′-hexamethoxyflavone)
eriodictyol
(3′,4′,5,7-tetraxydroxyflavanone)
on
human
cell
line
stimulated
by
either
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS),
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
full-length
Spike
protein
(FL-Spike),
or
mycotoxin
ochratoxin
A
(OTA).
Human
were
preincubated
with
(10,
50,
100
µM)
for
h,
following
which,
they
24
h.
The
inflammatory
mediators
interleukin-1
beta
(IL-1β),
chemokine
(C-X-C
motif)
ligand
8
(CXCL8),
IL-6,
matrix
metalloproteinase-9
(MMP-9)
quantified
culture
supernatant
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA).
Both
significantly
inhibited
LPS,
FL-Spike,
OTA-stimulated
release
IL-1β,
CXCL8,
MMP-9
at
50
µM,
while,
most
cases,
was
also
effective
10
pronounced
reductions
µM.
These
findings
suggest
that
both
are
potent
inhibitors
pathogen-stimulated
microglial
mediators,
highlighting
their
potential
therapeutic
application
neuroinflammatory
diseases,
such
as
long
COVID.
Язык: Английский
The Novel Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Mycotoxin-Induced Toxicological Mechanisms
Veterinary Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(7), С. 291 - 291
Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024
Mycotoxins
are
secondary
metabolites
produced
by
several
fungi
and
moulds
that
exert
toxicological
effects
on
animals
including
immunotoxicity,
genotoxicity,
hepatotoxicity,
teratogenicity,
neurotoxicity.
However,
the
mechanisms
of
mycotoxins
complex
unclear.
The
nucleotide-binding
oligomerization
domain
(NOD)-like
receptor
(NLR)
family
pyrin
containing
3
(NLRP3)
inflammasome
is
a
multimeric
cytosolic
protein
composed
NLRP3
sensor,
ASC
adapter
protein,
caspase-1
effector.
Activation
plays
crucial
role
in
innate
immune
defence
homeostatic
maintenance.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
activation
linked
to
tissue
damage
inflammation
induced
mycotoxin
exposure.
Thus,
this
review
summarises
latest
advancements
research
roles
pathogenesis
exposure
multiple
mycotoxins,
deoxynivalenol,
aflatoxin
B1,
zearalenone,
T-2
toxin,
ochratoxin
A,
fumonisim
pyroptosis-related
factors
inflammation-related
vitro
vivo
pharmacological
inhibition
specific
nonspecific
inhibitors
summarized
examined.
This
comprehensive
contributes
better
understanding
toxicity
provides
novel
insights
for
pharmacologically
targeting
as
anti-inflammatory
agent
against
Язык: Английский
A Smartphone Operated Intelligent Stochastic Miniplatform for On-Site Screening of Milk for Fast Determination of Ochratoxin A
Journal of The Electrochemical Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
171(9), С. 097505 - 097505
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024
Ochratoxine
A
is
a
very
stable
mycotoxin
which
cannot
be
destroyed
below
250°C.
Found
in
grains,
coffee,
grapes,
wine,
milk,
and
meat,
it
can
produce
kidney
damage
cancer.
Therefore,
smartphone
operated
intellingent
stochastic
miniplatform
was
designed,
characterised,
validated
for
the
on-site
screening
of
milk
fast
determination
ochratoxine
A.
(Z)-N-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)
ethyl]octadec-9-enamide
used
as
modifier
gold
matrix
screen
printed
sensor
sensing
tool
design
miniplatform.
wide
linear
concentration
range
(1.0
×
10
−15
−
1.0
−7
mol
l
‒1
)
low
limit
quantification
1
fmol
were
achieved
assay
ochratoxin
Recovery
values
higher
than
99.00%
obtained
A,
when
cow’s
vegetarian
milk.
Язык: Английский
Insights into Toxicity: Molecular Mechanisms of Aflatoxin B1 and Ochratoxin A in Spices
Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024
The
European
Rapid
Alert
System
for
Food
and
Feed
(RASFF)
has
shown
1133
notifications
spices
herbs
in
the
last
10
years
(2013–2023).
analysis
of
these
indicated
that
58.7%
(665
alerts)
alerts
corresponded
to
chemical
hazards.
Mycotoxins
corresponding
aflatoxin
B1
(24
ochratoxin
A
(39
were
found
19.4%
samples.
Due
presence
biological
hazards
foodstuffs,
comprehensive
knowledge
their
molecular
mechanisms
action
is
required
as
part
risk
assessment
strategy.
Aflatoxin
(AFB1)
a
known
potent
carcinogen
been
linked
liver
cancer
humans
animals.
Its
toxic
effects
consist
forming
DNA
adducts,
causing
mutations,
interfering
with
cellular
processes.
On
other
hand,
(OTA)
be
nephrotoxic,
hepatotoxic,
carcinogenic,
immunosuppressive
both
OTA
targets
kidneys
liver,
exerting
its
similarly
AFB1,
i.e.,
through
damage,
oxidative
stress,
interference
This
communication
reviews
mechanism
underlying
toxicity
AFB1
Europe,
focusing
on
biosynthesis,
toxicodynamics,
interaction
components,
resulting
biochemical
pathways
leading
adverse
health
effects.
Moreover,
it
discusses
potential
strategies
mitigating
spices,
emphasizing
importance
hazard
characterization
effective
management
regulation.
Язык: Английский