Cost-effectiveness of 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in US infants

Vaccine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 42(3), С. 573 - 582

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

As of June 2023, two pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, 20- (PCV20) and 15- (PCV15) valent formulations, are recommended for US infants under a 3 + 1 schedule. This study evaluated the health economic impact vaccinating with new expanded valency PCV20 formulation. A population-based, multi cohort, decision-analytic Markov model was developed to estimate public cost-effectiveness from both societal healthcare system perspectives over 10 years. Epidemiological data were based on published studies unpublished Active Bacterial Core Surveillance System (ABCs) data. Vaccine effectiveness PCV13 PCV7 efficacy studies. Indirect observational Costs disutilities compared PCV15 in separate scenarios. Replacing has potential avert 55,000 invasive disease (IPD) cases, 2.5 million pneumonia 5.4 otitis media (OM) 19,000 deaths across all ages 10-year time horizon, corresponding net gains 515,000 life years 271,000 QALYs. Acquisition costs offset by monetary savings averted cases resulting $20.6 billion. The same trend observed when comparing versus PCV15, gain 146,000 QALYs $9.9 billion savings. large proportion avoided attributable indirect effects unvaccinated adults elderly. From health-care perspective, also dominant strategy PCV15. Infant vaccination is estimated further reduce associated

Язык: Английский

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Outpatient Visits and Antibiotic Use Due to Higher-Valency Pneumococcal Vaccine Serotypes

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Abstract Background In 2022–2023, 15- and 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV15/PCV20) were recommended for infants. We aimed to estimate the incidence of outpatient visits antibiotic prescriptions in US children (≤17 years) from 2016–2019 acute otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis associated with PCV15- PCV20-additional (non-PCV13) serotypes quantify PCV15/20 potential impacts. Methods estimated PCV15/20-additional serotype-attributable as product all-cause rates, derived national health care surveys MarketScan databases, fractions. serotype-specific attributable fractions using modified vaccine-probe approaches incorporating changes post-PCV13 ratios PCV13 versus serotype frequencies, through meta-analyses. Results Per 1000 annually, PCV15-additional accounted an 2.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.8–3.9) 2.4 CI, 1.6–3.4) prescriptions. resulted 15.0 11.2–20.4) 13.2 9.9–18.0) annually per children. account 0.4% 0.2%–0.6%) 2.1% 1.5%–3.0%) pediatric use. Conclusions Compared serotypes, > 5 times burden Higher-valency PCVs, especially PCV20, may contribute preventing respiratory infections

Язык: Английский

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PCV20 for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease in the Mexican pediatric population: A cost-effectiveness analysis

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2025

The introduction of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) covering 13 serotypes (PCV13) into the Mexican pediatric national immunization program (NIP) has substantially reduced burden disease (PD) since 2010. This study aimed to estimate impact replacing either PCV13 or 15valent PCV (PCV15) with 20-valent (PCV20) in NIP. A decision-analytic Markov model was developed compare cost-effectiveness PCV20 versus lower-valent vaccines from public health sector (payer) perspective over 10 years. Epidemiological and cost inputs were sourced data. Direct indirect effects estimated using clinical effectiveness, 7-valent efficacy studies, data Mexico. compared PCV15, all under 2 + 1 dosing schedule. discount rate 5% per annum applied costs outcomes. Model robustness evaluated through sensitivity analyses, including deterministic analysis (DSA), probabilistic (PSA), additional scenario assessments. provide considerably more benefits than both comparators by averting cases PD as well total saving billion pesos. DSA, PSA, assessments confirmed minimal deviation base case. Therefore, (2 1) NIP is expected reduce medical alternatives.

Язык: Английский

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Cost-effectiveness analysis of implementing 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine into the Romanian pediatric national immunization program

Journal of Medical Economics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 20

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2025

Despite the inclusion of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) in pediatric national immunization program (NIP) since 2017, Romania continues to face a substantial clinical, economic, and societal burden disease. Higher-valent vaccines, such as 20-valent PCV (PCV20), offer broader serotype coverage versus current standard care (13-valent PCV; PCV13) with potential reduce disease burden. To test this, we conducted cost-effectiveness analysis switching from PCV13 or future comparator (15-valent PCV15), both under 2 + 1 schedule, PCV20 3 schedule Romanian NIP. A population-based, multi-cohort Markov model target population children aged <2 years was utilized estimate cost health impact lower-valent comparators over 10 years. The adopted perspective, encompassing direct indirect costs, an annual cycle. Sensitivity scenario analyses were assess robustness its assumptions. In base-case analysis, demonstrated dominance PCV15 (i.e., more effective less costly), total predicted cost-savings 79,123,267 206,623,098 Leu, respectively, plus reduction cases by 246,245 223,914, respectively. majority sensitivity pairwise comparisons aligned base case. results this indicate that implementation into NIP would greatly be cost-effective approach perspective

Язык: Английский

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Global Assessment of Health Utilities Associated with Pneumococcal Disease in Children—Targeted Literature Reviews

PharmacoEconomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 23, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Pneumococcal Transmission Dynamics During the Use of a Pediatric 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Canada

SSRN Electronic Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae is a bacterium that causes wide range of diseases, including invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), community acquired pneumonia, and acute otitis media. The vaccine landscape in Canada has changed substantially over the past several years, with recent recommendations to replace 13-valent conjugate (PCV-13) 15-valent (PCV-15) 20-valent (PCV-20) vaccines among Canadian children, use PCV-20 older adults. objective this study was create transmission model quantify impact using PCV-13 pediatric population.Methods: We developed an age-structured compartmental describes dynamics population. fit our annual incidence cumulative IPD by age serotype group between 2010 2019 Canada, time when recommended for compared fitted counterfactual scenario which not used.Results: Our replicates observed trends group. estimated populations averted 1,275 (95% CrI: 949, 1,601) cases across population 2019. This effect most pronounced adults, where prevented 6.0 3.6, 10.5) cases/100,000 10-year period.Conclusions: Using epidemiology we showed decreased overall incidence. benefits immunizing children have beenaccrued predominately via indirect (herd) effects Canadians. can be used project newly approved higher valency vaccines.

Язык: Английский

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Cost-effectiveness analysis of pediatric immunization program with 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Japan

Journal of Medical Economics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(1), С. 1034 - 1046

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2023

The 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV15 or V114) has recently been approved for pediatric vaccination against diseases (PDs) in Japan. study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of with V114 versus 13-valent PCV (PCV13) Japan.The used a decision analytical Markov model estimate cost and effectiveness outcomes birth cohort Japan over 10-year time horizon. tracked occurrences acute PD events, including invasive (IPD), non-bacteremic pneumonia (NBPP) otitis media (AOM) long-term impact post-meningitis sequalae. Vaccine was estimated based on literature assumptions, accounted indirect effects waning. base case took societal perspective, both direct costs, while healthcare payer perspective modeled scenario analysis. Additional analyses sensitivity were conducted.In case, associated an incremental gain 24 quality-adjusted life years reduction ¥365,610,955 total costs compared PCV13. It expected reduce number AOM, NBPP, IPD cases by 1,832, 1,333 25, respectively. All most showed that dominant strategy PCV13.Pediatric is lead savings more health benefits PCV13 from perspectives. findings are robust under plausible assumptions inputs.

Язык: Английский

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Pediatric outpatient visits and antibiotic use attributable to higher valency pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2023

Abstract Importance Streptococcus pneumoniae is a known etiology of acute respiratory infections (ARIs), which account for large proportions outpatient visits and antibiotic use in children. In 2023, 15- 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV15, PCV20) were recommended routine infants. However, the burden healthcare utilization among U.S. children attributable to additional, non-PCV13 serotypes PCV15/20 unknown. Objective To estimate incidence prescriptions otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis associated with PCV15- PCV20-additional (non-PCV13 serotypes) quantify potential impacts on these conditions. Design Multi-component study including descriptive analyses cross-sectional cohort data from 2016–2019 meta-analyses serotype distribution non-invasive infections. Setting Outpatient Participants Pediatric captured National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), Hospital Medicare (NHAMCS), Merative MarketScan, collectively representing delivery across all settings. Incidence denominators estimated using census (NAMCS/NHAMCS) enrollment (MarketScan) data. Main outcome(s) measure(s) visit prescription PCV15/20-additional serotypes. Results We that per 1000 annually, PCV15-additional accounted 2.7 (95% confidence interval 1.8–3.9) 2.4 (1.6–3.4) prescriptions. resulted 15.0 (11.2–20.4) 13.2 (9.9–18.0) annually 1,000 Projected national counts, 173,000 (118,000–252,000) 968,000 (722,000–1,318,000) each year, translating 0.4% (0.2–0.6%) 2.1% (1.5–3.0%) Conclusions relevance pediatric utilization. Compared serotypes, >5 times These higher-valency PCVs, especially PCV20, may contribute preventing ARIs Key points Question: What tract additional (non-13-valent vaccine) PCV20)? Findings: an 197,000 1,098,000 prescriptions, respectively, annually. Visit burdens concentrated aged <5 years. Meaning: Respiratory caused by PCV15/20, be important contributors

Язык: Английский

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Pneumococcal serotype distribution and coverage of existing and pipeline pneumococcal vaccines

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2024

ABSTRACT Background Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) causes invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-invasive acute respiratory infections (ARIs). Three conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are recommended in the United States with additional products clinical trials. We aimed to estimate 1) proportions of IPD cases ARIs caused by serotypes targeted existing pipeline PCVs 2) annual U.S. burdens potentially preventable PCVs. Methods estimated serotype distribution (AOM [children only], sinusitis, non-bacteremic pneumonia) attributable each PCV using Markov chain Monte Carlo approaches incorporating data from studies Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) data. then numbers outpatient-managed ARIs, pneumonia hospitalizations, multiplying incidence rates PCV-targeted vaccine effectiveness estimates. Results In children, PCV15, PCV20, PCV24, PCV25, PCV31 account for 16% (95% confidence interval: 15–17%), 31% (30–32%), 34% (32–35%), 43% (42–44%), 68% (67–69%) otitis media cases, respectively. adults, PCV21, (38–47%), 52% (47–57%), 69% (64–73%), 65% (61–70%), 62% (57–67%), 87% (83–90%) cases. For IPD, 42–85% pediatric 42–94% adult were due serotypes. PCV-preventable encompassed 270 thousand–3.3 million 2–17 thousand 3–14 annually. Conclusions Across conditions, coverage lowest PCV15 highest PCV31, PCV21 also targeting sizeable disease. Serotype across syndromes may inform formulations policy.

Язык: Английский

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Health economic burden attributable to novel serotypes in candidate 24- and 31-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2024

ABSTRACT Background Next-generation pneumococcal vaccines currently in clinical trials include 24- and 31-valent conjugate (PCV24, PCV31), which aim to prevent upper-respiratory carriage disease involving the targeted serotypes. We aimed estimate comprehensive health-economic burden associated with acute respiratory infections (ARIs) invasive (IPD) attributable PCV24- PCV31-additional (non-PCV20) serotypes United States. Methods multiplied all-cause incidence rate estimates for otitis media (AOM), sinusitis, non-bacteremic pneumonia by of proportions each these conditions pneumococci obtained serotype-specific IPD rates from US Active Bacterial Core surveillance data. accounted direct medical non-medical costs condition resulting burden. Non-medical included missed work lost quality-adjusted life years due death disability. Results The PCV24-additional totaled $1.3 billion ($1.1-1.7b) annually costs, comprised $0.9b ($0.7-1.2b) ARIs $0.4b ($0.3-0.5b) IPD. For serotypes, $7.5b ($6.6-8.6b) annually, $5.5b ($4.7-6.6b) $1.9b ($1.8-2.1b) largest single driver was pneumonia, particularly adults aged 50-64 ≥65 years. Conclusions Additional PCV24 PCV31, especially those account substantial Summary Novel vaccines, trials, burdens States, ≥50 Vaccines targeting may reduce costs.

Язык: Английский

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