Frontiers in Environmental Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5
Опубликована: Июль 4, 2024
Limited
data
are
available
for
the
occurrence
of
more
recent
per
and
polyfluorinated
alkyl
substances
(PFAS)
in
marine
mammals,
especially
from
St.
Lawrence
Estuary
Gulf.
This
study
investigates
PFAS
liver
muscle
tissues
various
including
harbor
seal,
gray
harp
hooded
porpoise,
white-sided
dolphin,
white-beaked
True’s
beaked
whale.
Among
80
target
(including
PFCAs,
PFSAs,
Cyclic
PFSA,
FASAs/FASAAs,
FTCAs/FTUCAs,
FTSAs,
Ether-PFAS,
diPAPs,
ESI
+
ECF
precursors)
perfluorooctanoic
sulfonate
(PFOS)
dominates
all
mammal
species
several
other
long-chain
such
as
PFNA,
PFDA,
PFUnA,
PFTrDA,
PFHxDA,
were
detected
at
100%
frequency
both
samples.
PFDoA
7:3
fluorotelomer
carboxylic
acid
(7:3
acid)
also
showed
a
detection
Harp
seal
displayed
notably
low
concentrations,
with
average
total
concentrations
7
ng/g
(ww:
wet
weight)
44
(ww)
liver.
In
contrast,
dolphin
exhibited
highest
reaching
39
334
The
Pearson
correlation
analysis
reveals
strong
between
concentration
PFOS,
perfluoroalkyl
acids
(PFCAs),
electrochemical
fluorination
(ECF)
precursors.
Species
top
food
chain
(harbor
white
sided
dolphin)
presented
PFAS,
particularly
PFOS
highlighting
need
an
increased
regulation
these
persistent
molecules
order
to
protect
mammal’s
health.
Chemosphere,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
357, С. 142088 - 142088
Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2024
Per-
and
poly-fluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
are
synthetic
chemicals
widely
used
in
everyday
products,
causing
elevated
concentrations
drinking
water
posing
a
global
challenge.
While
adsorption
methods
commonly
employed
for
PFAS
removal,
the
substantial
cost
environmental
footprint
of
commercial
adsorbents
highlight
need
more
cost-effective
alternatives.
Additionally,
existing
exhibit
limited
effectiveness,
particularly
against
diverse
types,
such
as
short-chain
PFAS,
necessitating
modifications
to
enhance
capacity.
Biochar
can
be
considered
eco-friendly
alternative
conventional
adsorbents.
With
abundant
feedstocks
favorable
physicochemical
properties,
biochar
shows
significant
potential
applied
an
adsorbent
removing
contaminants
from
water.
Despite
its
effectiveness
adsorbing
different
inorganic
organic
environments,
some
factors
restrict
effective
application
adsorption.
These
related
characteristics
well
chemistry.
Therefore,
have
been
introduced
overcome
these
limitations
improve
biochar's
This
review
explores
preparation
conditions,
including
pyrolysis
process,
activation,
modification
techniques
capacity
types
PFAS.
It
addresses
critical
questions
about
performance
composites,
mechanisms
governing
adsorption,
challenges,
future
perspectives
this
field.
The
surge
research
on
indicates
growing
interest,
making
timely
valuable
resource
in-depth
exploration
remediation.
Since
the
acceptable
PFAS
levels
in
drinking
water
vary
among
regulatory
agencies,
treatment
plants
(DWTPs)
are
urged
to
adapt
their
processes
improve
removal.
This
study's
objective
was
assess
performance
of
powdered
and
granular
activated
carbon
(PAC
GAC)
for
removal
evaluate
applications
DWTPs.
Raw
filtered
waters
were
used
examine
different
types
PAC
GAC
batch
rapid
small-scale
column
tests,
respectively.
A
conventional
dose
(10
mg/L)
eliminated
40%
total
PFAS76
25%
long-chain
after
10
min.
It
would,
however,
transfer
24
ppb
daily
biosolids.
comparable
(equivalent
27,000
BV)
removed
43%
80%
PFAS.
Considering
a
medium-sized
DWTP
with
target
80%,
pretreatment
would
require
an
elevated
AC
29
mg/L.
will
incur
equivalent
cost
post-treatment
six
columns,
while
remarkably
increasing
mass
dry
sludge
by
46%.
Hence,
emerges
as
better
suited
instant
intervention
mitigate
contaminations
without
revoking
need
long-term
solution.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
903, С. 166559 - 166559
Опубликована: Авг. 24, 2023
This
review
paper
examines
the
drinking
water
quality
issues
in
remote
and
Indigenous
communities,
with
a
specific
emphasis
on
Australia.
Access
to
clean
safe
is
vital
for
well-being
of
communities
worldwide,
yet
numerous
challenges
hinder
their
ability
obtain
maintain
security.
focuses
water-related
faced
by
populations
countries
such
as
United
States,
Canada,
New
Zealand,
In
Australian
context,
encounter
complex
related
quality,
including
microbial
chemical
contamination,
exacerbated
climate
change
effects.
Analysis
trends
Queensland,
South
Wales,
Western
Australia,
Northern
Territory
reveals
concerns
regarding
various
pollutants
very
high
concentrations
source
leading
levels
exceeding
recommended
limits
hardness,
turbidity,
fluoride,
iron,
manganese
after
limited
treatment
facilities
available
these
communities.
Inadequate
quantity
contribute
adverse
health
effects,
particularly
among
who
may
resort
sugary
beverages.
Addressing
requires
comprehensive
approaches
encompassing
testing,
funding,
governance,
appropriate
sustainable
technologies,
cultural
considerations.
Collaborative
efforts,
risk-based
approaches,
improved
infrastructure
are
essential
ensure
equitable
access
ultimately
improving
outcomes
promoting
social
equity.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(5), С. 2446 - 2457
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024
The
6:2
fluorotelomer
sulfonamide
(6:2
FTSAm)-based
compounds
signify
a
prominent
group
of
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
widely
used
in
contemporary
aqueous
film-forming
foam
(AFFF)
formulations.
Despite
their
widespread
presence,
the
biotransformation
behavior
these
wastewater
treatment
plants
remains
uncertain.
This
study
investigated
FTSAm-based
amine
oxide
FTNO),
alkylbetaine
FTAB),
sulfonic
acid
FTSA)
aerobic
sludge
over
100-day
incubation
period.
alkylamine
FTAA),
primary
intermediate
product
FTNO,
was
indirectly
assessed.
Their
stability
ranked
based
on
estimated
half-lives
(t1/2):
FTAB
(no
obvious
products
were
detected)
≫
FTSA
(t1/2
≈28.8
days)
>
FTAA
≈11.5
FTNO
≈1.2
days).
Seven
transformation
15
identified
through
nontarget
suspect
screening
using
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry.
pathways
proposed.
Interestingly,
FTSAm
hardly
hydrolyzed
to
further
biotransformed
perfluoroalkyl
carboxylic
acids
(PFCAs).
Furthermore,
novel
for
generation
perfluoroheptanoic
(PFHpA)
from
revealed.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
943, С. 173682 - 173682
Опубликована: Май 31, 2024
A
rapid
on-line
solid-phase
extraction
liquid
chromatography
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
(on-line
SPE-LC-HRMS)
method
was
developed
to
analyze
11
ultra-short
and
short-chain
PFAS
in
surface
water.
Analytical
optimization
involved
screening
7
chromatographic
columns
5
SPE
columns,
as
well
evaluating
loading
conditions,
filters,
sample
acidification,
mobile
phases,
phases.
The
optimized
then
applied
44
river
water
samples
collected
Eastern
Canada,
including
sites
near
airports
with
fire-training
areas.
Among
the
targeted
PFAS,
most
frequently
detected
were
trifluoroacetic
acid
(TFA,
4.6-220
ng/L),
perfluorobutanoic
(PFBA,
0.85-33
perfluoropentanoic
(PFPeA,
1.2-2100
trifluoromethane
sulfonic
(TMS,
0.01-4.3
perfluorobutane
(PFBS,
0.07-450
ng/L).
Levels
of
C3-C5
perfluoroalkyl
carboxylic
acids
(PFCAs),
C2-C4
sulfonates
(PFSAs)
n:3
polyfluoroalkyl
(n
=
2,3;
acids)
significantly
higher
bodies
area
compared
rivers
urban
In
contrast,
TFA,
TMS,
1:3
not
elevated,
likely
reflecting
atmospheric
deposition
or
other
diffuse
sources
for
these
compounds.
Nontarget
suspect
analysis
revealed
an
abundance
AFFF-impacted
bodies.
Perfluoroalkyl
sulfonamides
(FASA,
C2,
C3,
C5),
sulfonamide
propanoic
(FASA-PrA,
C1-C2)
1,
4,
5)
first
time
environmental
waters.
Environment International,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
195, С. 109250 - 109250
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
This
study
investigated
the
occurrence
of
perfluoroalkyl
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS),
including
anionic,
cationic,
zwitterionic
compounds,
in
drinking
water.
Between
2021-2023,
an
expanded
list
76
target
PFAS
was
screened
tap
water
samples
mainly
from
Canada,
but
also
Eastern
United
States,
Mexico,
South
America
(Argentina),
Caribbean
(Dominican
Republic,
Cuba),
Africa
(Algeria,
Cameroon,
Central
African
Morocco,
Rwanda,
Tunisia),
Europe
(France,
Greece,
Italy,
Spain,
Kingdom)
Asia
(Japan,
Vietnam,
Iran,
Türkiye).
An
additional
∼
200
suspect-target
were
using
high-resolution
Orbitrap
mass
spectrometry.
The
results
revealed
widespread
contamination
most
frequent
perfluorobutane
sulfonate
(PFBS),
perfluorooctane
(PFOS),
perfluorobutanoic
acid
(PFBA)
with
detection
rates
≥
79
%.
Several
not
currently
included
EPA
methods
for
region-specific
trends.
For
instance,
emerging
6:2
fluorotelomer
sulfonamidopropyl
betaine
(6:2
FTAB)
found
at
highest
levels
cities
France,
British
Columbia
(Canada),
UK.
FTAB
likely
reflects
shifts
PFOS-based
aqueous
film-forming
foams
(AFFF)
past
decades,
possibly
other
uses.
Short-chain
sulfonamides
(FBSA,
FHxSA)
globally
recurrent.
Bistriflimide,
a
counterion
often
used
composition
ionic
liquids
production
lithium-ion
batteries,
detected
46
%
samples.
total
linked
to
fluorochemical
industries
(surface
water),
AFFF
use
(groundwater),
landfills
(groundwater).
database
275
x
153
provides
valuable
insights
toward
refining
lists
relevant
be
monitored
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025
Humans
experience
widespread
exposure
to
anthropogenic
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS)
through
various
media,
which
can
lead
a
wide
range
of
negative
health
impacts.
Tap
water
is
an
important
source
in
communities
with
any
degree
contamination
but
routine
or
large-scale
PFAS
monitoring
often
depends
on
targeted
analytical
methods
limited
measuring
specific
PFAS.
We
analyzed
680
tap
samples
from
the
American
Healthy
Homes
Survey
II
for
using
non-targeted
analysis
(NTA)
expand
detectable
Based
detection
frequency
relative
abundance,
about
half
identified
were
found
only
by
NTA.
(with
varying
degrees
confidence)
75
distinct
PFAS,
including
57
exclusively
detected
The
are
members
seven
structural
subclasses
differentiated
their
head
groups
fluorination.
Clustering
categorized
into
four
coabundance
dominated
subclasses.
One
group
uniquely
NTA
contains
zwitterionic
other
transformation
products
likely
associated
aqueous
firefighting
foam
contaminants
small
number
spatially
correlated
samples.
These
results
help
further
characterize
scope
emerging
experienced
U.S.
population
via
augment
nationwide
targeted-PFAS
programs.
Environmental Science & Technology Letters,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
12(3), С. 327 - 333
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
Lyon,
a
major
hub
for
chemical
industries
in
France,
has
been
identified
as
contamination
hotspot
of
per-
and
polyfluoroalkyl
substances
(PFAS).
Major
companies
the
Pierre-Bénite
area
have
used
PFAS
production
fluoropolymers
fluorotelomers,
with
effluents
discharged
into
Rhône
River.
This
together
other
sources,
such
firefighting
foam
use
at
vicinal
harbor
oil
depot,
likely
resulted
complex
signature.
study
investigated
various
water
sources
southern
including
ponds,
rivers,
factory
channels,
wells,
springs,
tap
water.
Out
47
samples,
22
had
Σ77PFAS
above
100
ng/L
(maximum:
∼700
ng/L),
67%
samples
exceeded
European
guideline
Σ20PFAS.
Target
profiles
were
dominated
by
perfluoroalkyl
carboxylates
(particularly
C4
to
C8),
agreement
their
historical
or
current
industrial
usage.
Suspect
screening
also
revealed
occurrence
electrochemical
fluorination
precursors
N-sulfopropyldimethylammoniopropyl
perfluorohexanesulfonamido
acetic
acid
(N-SPAmP-FHxSAA)
bistriflimide
(used
composition
ionic
liquids).
Certain
ESI+
(e.g.,
6:2
fluorotelomer
sulfonamidopropyl
betaine
(6:2
FTAB))
ESI-
FTS,
FTSAS-sulfone)
compounds,
more
prevalent
surface
than
groundwater.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(40), С. 15288 - 15297
Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2023
C7
HFPO-TA
is
a
newly
identified
alternative
to
PFOA,
which
possesses
unique
structure
fragment
(CF3O-CF(CF3)-).
In
this
study,
we
evaluated
the
chemical
reactivity
of
in
advanced
oxidation
and
reduction
processes
for
first
time,
revealed
series
unexpected
transformation
mechanisms.
The
results
showed
that
reductive
degradation
based
on
hydrated
electrons
(eaq-)
was
more
feasible
HFPO-TA.
For
oxidative
degradation,
branched
-CF3
at
α-position
carbon
posed
as
spatial
hindrance,
shielding
attack
SO4•-
-COO-.
synergistic
effects
HO•/eaq-
direct
photolysis
led
deeper
defluorination
mineralization
vacuum
UV/sulfite
(VUV/SF)
process.
We
H/OCF3
exchange
converted
CF3O-CF(CF3)-
into
H-CF(CF3)-
directly,
SO3•-
involved
mechanism
time.
connected
same
next
CF3O-
group
affected
C-O
bond
cleavage
site,
preferring
pathway.
compared
with
PFOA
three
PFECAs
VUV/SF
process,
highly
dependent
structures.
Degradation
kinetics,
theoretical
calculations,
products'
analysis
provided
an
in-depth
perspective
mechanisms
pathways