Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 377, P. 144326 - 144326
Published: March 18, 2025
Language: Английский
Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 357, P. 142088 - 142088
Published: April 20, 2024
Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals widely used in everyday products, causing elevated concentrations drinking water posing a global challenge. While adsorption methods commonly employed for PFAS removal, the substantial cost environmental footprint of commercial adsorbents highlight need more cost-effective alternatives. Additionally, existing exhibit limited effectiveness, particularly against diverse types, such as short-chain PFAS, necessitating modifications to enhance capacity. Biochar can be considered eco-friendly alternative conventional adsorbents. With abundant feedstocks favorable physicochemical properties, biochar shows significant potential applied an adsorbent removing contaminants from water. Despite its effectiveness adsorbing different inorganic organic environments, some factors restrict effective application adsorption. These related characteristics well chemistry. Therefore, have been introduced overcome these limitations improve biochar's This review explores preparation conditions, including pyrolysis process, activation, modification techniques capacity types PFAS. It addresses critical questions about performance composites, mechanisms governing adsorption, challenges, future perspectives this field. The surge research on indicates growing interest, making timely valuable resource in-depth exploration remediation.
Language: Английский
Citations
18
ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 16, 2025
Since the acceptable PFAS levels in drinking water vary among regulatory agencies, treatment plants (DWTPs) are urged to adapt their processes improve removal. This study's objective was assess performance of powdered and granular activated carbon (PAC GAC) for removal evaluate applications DWTPs. Raw filtered waters were used examine different types PAC GAC batch rapid small-scale column tests, respectively. A conventional dose (10 mg/L) eliminated 40% total PFAS76 25% long-chain after 10 min. It would, however, transfer 24 ppb daily biosolids. comparable (equivalent 27,000 BV) removed 43% 80% PFAS. Considering a medium-sized DWTP with target 80%, pretreatment would require an elevated AC 29 mg/L. will incur equivalent cost post-treatment six columns, while remarkably increasing mass dry sludge by 46%. Hence, emerges as better suited instant intervention mitigate contaminations without revoking need long-term solution.
Language: Английский
Citations
3
The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 903, P. 166559 - 166559
Published: Aug. 24, 2023
This review paper examines the drinking water quality issues in remote and Indigenous communities, with a specific emphasis on Australia. Access to clean safe is vital for well-being of communities worldwide, yet numerous challenges hinder their ability obtain maintain security. focuses water-related faced by populations countries such as United States, Canada, New Zealand, In Australian context, encounter complex related quality, including microbial chemical contamination, exacerbated climate change effects. Analysis trends Queensland, South Wales, Western Australia, Northern Territory reveals concerns regarding various pollutants very high concentrations source leading levels exceeding recommended limits hardness, turbidity, fluoride, iron, manganese after limited treatment facilities available these communities. Inadequate quantity contribute adverse health effects, particularly among who may resort sugary beverages. Addressing requires comprehensive approaches encompassing testing, funding, governance, appropriate sustainable technologies, cultural considerations. Collaborative efforts, risk-based approaches, improved infrastructure are essential ensure equitable access ultimately improving outcomes promoting social equity.
Language: Английский
Citations
31
Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(5), P. 2446 - 2457
Published: Jan. 5, 2024
The 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide (6:2 FTSAm)-based compounds signify a prominent group of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) widely used in contemporary aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) formulations. Despite their widespread presence, the biotransformation behavior these wastewater treatment plants remains uncertain. This study investigated FTSAm-based amine oxide FTNO), alkylbetaine FTAB), sulfonic acid FTSA) aerobic sludge over 100-day incubation period. alkylamine FTAA), primary intermediate product FTNO, was indirectly assessed. Their stability ranked based on estimated half-lives (t1/2): FTAB (no obvious products were detected) ≫ FTSA (t1/2 ≈28.8 days) > FTAA ≈11.5 FTNO ≈1.2 days). Seven transformation 15 identified through nontarget suspect screening using high-resolution mass spectrometry. pathways proposed. Interestingly, FTSAm hardly hydrolyzed to further biotransformed perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs). Furthermore, novel for generation perfluoroheptanoic (PFHpA) from revealed.
Language: Английский
Citations
12
The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 943, P. 173682 - 173682
Published: May 31, 2024
A rapid on-line solid-phase extraction liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (on-line SPE-LC-HRMS) method was developed to analyze 11 ultra-short and short-chain PFAS in surface water. Analytical optimization involved screening 7 chromatographic columns 5 SPE columns, as well evaluating loading conditions, filters, sample acidification, mobile phases, phases. The optimized then applied 44 river water samples collected Eastern Canada, including sites near airports with fire-training areas. Among the targeted PFAS, most frequently detected were trifluoroacetic acid (TFA, 4.6-220 ng/L), perfluorobutanoic (PFBA, 0.85-33 perfluoropentanoic (PFPeA, 1.2-2100 trifluoromethane sulfonic (TMS, 0.01-4.3 perfluorobutane (PFBS, 0.07-450 ng/L). Levels of C3-C5 perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs), C2-C4 sulfonates (PFSAs) n:3 polyfluoroalkyl (n = 2,3; acids) significantly higher bodies area compared rivers urban In contrast, TFA, TMS, 1:3 not elevated, likely reflecting atmospheric deposition or other diffuse sources for these compounds. Nontarget suspect analysis revealed an abundance AFFF-impacted bodies. Perfluoroalkyl sulfonamides (FASA, C2, C3, C5), sulfonamide propanoic (FASA-PrA, C1-C2) 1, 4, 5) first time environmental waters.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 113923 - 113923
Published: Aug. 23, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Environment International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 195, P. 109250 - 109250
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
This study investigated the occurrence of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), including anionic, cationic, zwitterionic compounds, in drinking water. Between 2021-2023, an expanded list 76 target PFAS was screened tap water samples mainly from Canada, but also Eastern United States, Mexico, South America (Argentina), Caribbean (Dominican Republic, Cuba), Africa (Algeria, Cameroon, Central African Morocco, Rwanda, Tunisia), Europe (France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Kingdom) Asia (Japan, Vietnam, Iran, Türkiye). An additional ∼ 200 suspect-target were using high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The results revealed widespread contamination most frequent perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorooctane (PFOS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) with detection rates ≥ 79 %. Several not currently included EPA methods for region-specific trends. For instance, emerging 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidopropyl betaine (6:2 FTAB) found at highest levels cities France, British Columbia (Canada), UK. FTAB likely reflects shifts PFOS-based aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) past decades, possibly other uses. Short-chain sulfonamides (FBSA, FHxSA) globally recurrent. Bistriflimide, a counterion often used composition ionic liquids production lithium-ion batteries, detected 46 % samples. total linked to fluorochemical industries (surface water), AFFF use (groundwater), landfills (groundwater). database 275 x 153 provides valuable insights toward refining lists relevant be monitored
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 327 - 333
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Lyon, a major hub for chemical industries in France, has been identified as contamination hotspot of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Major companies the Pierre-Bénite area have used PFAS production fluoropolymers fluorotelomers, with effluents discharged into Rhône River. This together other sources, such firefighting foam use at vicinal harbor oil depot, likely resulted complex signature. study investigated various water sources southern including ponds, rivers, factory channels, wells, springs, tap water. Out 47 samples, 22 had Σ77PFAS above 100 ng/L (maximum: ∼700 ng/L), 67% samples exceeded European guideline Σ20PFAS. Target profiles were dominated by perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (particularly C4 to C8), agreement their historical or current industrial usage. Suspect screening also revealed occurrence electrochemical fluorination precursors N-sulfopropyldimethylammoniopropyl perfluorohexanesulfonamido acetic acid (N-SPAmP-FHxSAA) bistriflimide (used composition ionic liquids). Certain ESI+ (e.g., 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamidopropyl betaine (6:2 FTAB)) ESI- FTS, FTSAS-sulfone) compounds, more prevalent surface than groundwater.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(40), P. 15288 - 15297
Published: Sept. 25, 2023
C7 HFPO-TA is a newly identified alternative to PFOA, which possesses unique structure fragment (CF3O-CF(CF3)-). In this study, we evaluated the chemical reactivity of in advanced oxidation and reduction processes for first time, revealed series unexpected transformation mechanisms. The results showed that reductive degradation based on hydrated electrons (eaq-) was more feasible HFPO-TA. For oxidative degradation, branched -CF3 at α-position carbon posed as spatial hindrance, shielding attack SO4•- -COO-. synergistic effects HO•/eaq- direct photolysis led deeper defluorination mineralization vacuum UV/sulfite (VUV/SF) process. We H/OCF3 exchange converted CF3O-CF(CF3)- into H-CF(CF3)- directly, SO3•- involved mechanism time. connected same next CF3O- group affected C-O bond cleavage site, preferring pathway. compared with PFOA three PFECAs VUV/SF process, highly dependent structures. Degradation kinetics, theoretical calculations, products' analysis provided an in-depth perspective mechanisms pathways
Language: Английский
Citations
20
Environmental Sciences Europe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)
Published: March 25, 2024
Abstract Background Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are considered ‘contaminants of emerging concern’ due to their environmental persistence, bio-accumulative potential, adverse effects on human health. They widely employed in producing various goods used daily life, such as non-stick cookware, cleaning agents, many industrial applications aerospace, automotive, construction, electronics, military, all which ultimately end up different matrices. India’s rapid economic growth necessitates a comprehensive understanding its PFAS contamination levels potential ecological exposure. Results The present study reports the quantification one long-chain two short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids three perfluorosulfonic qualitative analysis using suspect screening waters Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Samples were collected from surface groundwater sources, including Adyar river, Buckingham canal, Chembarambakkam lake, water treatment plant. concentrations analyzed samples ranged 0.10 ng/L 136.27 ng/L. Groundwater had some highest PFAS. L-PFBS (up ng/L) PFOA 77.61 samples. target increased 5 103% range final treated compared raw This is distributed source drinking for residents Chennai. Additionally, dominance compounds (4–7 carbons) over (> 7 was observed. Suspect revealed numerous precursors other fluorinated abundantly Conclusions Our both These findings raise concerns about risks ecosystems well-being. coupled with abundant unidentified indicates an ongoing shift toward alternatives. Conventional ineffective eliminating these chemicals system; rather, increasing advanced polishing steps. Industrial emissions, untreated domestic wastewater discharge, open dump sites have been suspected significant sources contamination, highlighting need further investigation fully assess extent Graphical
Language: Английский
Citations
7