NAFLD and NASH: etiology, targets and emerging therapies

Drug Discovery Today, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(3), С. 103910 - 103910

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Breaking the barriers: the role of gut homeostasis in Metabolic-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Gut Microbes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Март 21, 2024

Obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and the gut microbiome intricately interplay in Metabolic-associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), previously known as Non-Alcoholic Fatty (NAFLD), a growing health concern. The complex progression of MASLD extends beyond liver, driven by "gut-liver axis," where diet, genetics, gut-liver interactions influence disease development. pathophysiology involves excessive liver fat accumulation, hepatocyte dysfunction, inflammation, fibrosis, with subsequent risk hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). gut, tripartite barrier, mechanical, immune, microbial components, engages constant communication liver. Recent evidence links dysbiosis disrupted barriers to systemic inflammation progression. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) mediate immunological crosstalk between recognizing structures triggering immune responses. "multiple hit model" development factors like resistance, dysbiosis, genetics/environmental elements disrupting axis, leading impaired intestinal barrier function increased permeability. Clinical management strategies encompass dietary interventions, physical exercise, pharmacotherapy targeting bile acid (BA) metabolism, modulation approaches through prebiotics, probiotics, symbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). This review underscores microbiome, their impact on therapeutic prospects.

Язык: Английский

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The crucial function of gut microbiota on gut-liver repair

hLife, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Artificial intelligence applied to ‘omics data in liver disease: towards a personalised approach for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment

Gut, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. gutjnl - 331740

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2024

Advancements in omics technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies are fuelling our progress towards personalised diagnosis, prognosis treatment strategies hepatology. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current landscape AI methods used for analysis data liver diseases. We present an prevalence different levels across various diseases, as well categorise methodology studies. Specifically, we highlight predominance transcriptomic genomic profiling relatively sparse exploration other such proteome methylome, which represent untapped potential novel insights. Publicly available database initiatives The Cancer Genome Atlas International Consortium have paved way advancements diagnosis hepatocellular carcinoma. However, same availability large datasets remains limited Furthermore, application sophisticated to handle complexities multiomics requires substantial train validate models faces challenges achieving bias-free results with clinical utility. Strategies address paucity capitalise on opportunities discussed. Given global burden chronic it is imperative that multicentre collaborations be established generate large-scale early disease recognition intervention. Exploring advanced also necessary maximise these improve detection strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond the Gut: The intratumoral microbiome's influence on tumorigenesis and treatment response

Cancer Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44(10), С. 1130 - 1167

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

The intratumoral microbiome (TM) refers to the microorganisms in tumor tissues, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and so on, is distinct from gut circulating microbiota. TM strongly associated with tumorigenesis, progression, metastasis, response therapy. This paper highlights current status of TM. Tract sources, adjacent normal tissue, circulatory system, concomitant co-metastasis are main origin advanced techniques analysis comprehensively summarized. Besides, involved progression through several mechanisms, DNA damage, activation oncogenic signaling pathways (phosphoinositide 3-kinase [PI3K], signal transducer activator transcription [STAT], WNT/β-catenin, extracellular regulated protein kinases [ERK]), influence cytokines induce inflammatory responses, interaction microenvironment (anti-tumor immunity, pro-tumor microbial-derived metabolites). Moreover, promising directions therapy include immunotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, application probiotics/prebiotics/synbiotics, fecal transplantation, engineered microbiota, phage therapy, oncolytic virus inherent challenges clinical also review provides a comprehensive landscape for analyzing TM, especially TM-related mechanisms TM-based treatment cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Untargeted metabolomics reveal signatures of a healthy lifestyle

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2024

Abstract This cross-sectional study investigated differences in the plasma metabolome two groups of adults that were similar age but varied markedly body composition and dietary physical activity patterns. Study participants included 52 lifestyle group (LIFE) (28 males, 24 females) control (CON) (27 25 females). The results using an extensive untargeted ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) metabolomics analysis with 10,535 metabolite peaks identified 486 important metabolites (variable influence on projections scores VIP ≥ 1) 16 significantly enriched metabolic pathways differentiated LIFE CON groups. A novel signature positive habits emerged from this highlighted by lower levels numerous bile acids, amino acid profile characterized higher histidine glutamic acid, glutamine, β-alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, proline, elevated vitamin D status, beneficial fatty acids gut microbiome catabolism plant substrates, reduced N-glycan degradation environmental contaminants. established is strongly associated habits. robust consistent improved life expectancy a risk for chronic disease.

Язык: Английский

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Overfeeding and overweight rapidly reprogram inflammatory signaling

Clinical Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 110428 - 110428

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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From Teeth to Body: The Complex Role of Streptococcus mutans in Systemic Diseases

Molecular Oral Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025

ABSTRACT Streptococcus mutans , the principal pathogen associated with dental caries, impacts individuals across all age groups and geographic regions. Beyond its role in compromising oral health, a growing body of research has established link between S. various systemic diseases, including immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), infective endocarditis (IE), ulcerative colitis (UC), cerebral hemorrhage, tumors. The pathogenic mechanisms frequently involve collagen‐binding proteins (CBPs) protein antigens (PA) present on bacterial surface. These components facilitate intricate interactions host immune system, thereby potentially contributing to pathological processes. Specifically, CBP is implicated deposition IgA complement component C3, which exhibits characteristics reminiscent IgAN‐like lesions through animal models, recent clinical studies suggest potential involvement IgAN. In addition, binds C1q, effectively inhibiting classical activation pathway system. promotes induction cells produce interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ). Furthermore, leads direct inhibitory effects platelets matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) at sites vascular injury. Moreover, PA enhances ability invade hepatic tissue. Through utilization PAc, excessively produces kynurenine (KYNA), development progression squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This article synthesizes latest advancements understanding conditions humans, expanding our perspective beyond traditional focus caries.

Язык: Английский

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Precision Dietary Intervention: Gut Microbiome and Meta-metabolome as Functional Readouts

Phenomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1), С. 23 - 50

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Multi-omics Reveal the Effects and Regulatory Mechanism of Dietary Echinocystic Acid Supplementation on Abdominal Fat and Liver Steatosis in Broiler Chickens

Poultry Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 104(4), С. 104981 - 104981

Опубликована: Март 5, 2025

The accumulation of abdominal fat and the metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are prevalent problems in poultry industry, seriously compromise broiler health reduce economic benefits. Echinocystic acid (EA), a natural product with anti-inflammatory antioxidant effects, has been demonstrated to deposition improve intestinal inflammation mice. However, it not reported research. In this study, we employed chicken hepatocytes (Leghorn male hepatoma cells, LMHs) construct an oleic palmitic (OA/PA)-induced MAFLD model vitro 60 K90 chickens were induced by high-fat diet (HFD) examine impact EA on liver-lipid metabolism deposition. Moreover, metabolomic analysis, 16S rDNA gene sequencing, transcriptomic profiling performed determine mechanism EA. results showed that (10 μM) significantly reduced triglyceride (TG) total cholesterol (TC) levels vitro. without affecting growth performance. decreased TC, TG, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, increased high-density (HDL-C) blood. Additionally, supplementation altered composition microbiota, particularly decreasing ratio Firmicutes Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, metabolomics analysis revealed abundance metabolites related arginine mitochondrial oxidation pathways, these predicted be positively correlated gut genera enriched also expression patterns genes lipid inflammation, CYP7A1, CYP7B1, CYP3A5, ACAT, which PPAR signaling pathway steroid hormone metabolism. correlation there was close between differential metabolites, profiles. Collectively, indicated may alleviate regulating modulating microbiota. candidate feed additive prevent industry.

Язык: Английский

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