Plant Stress,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12, С. 100439 - 100439
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
In
the
last
years,
heavy
metal
(HM)
pollution
has
spread
across
natural
and
anthropic
ecosystems
posing
inevitable,
serious
health
risks.
Commitments
to
resolve
this
issue
resulted
in
tightening
regulations
calls
action.
The
use
of
plants
their
symbionts
for
remediation
enjoys
support.
Nonetheless,
keystones
between
mycorrhizal
research
application
have
still
be
identified.
aim
work
was
provide
an
updated
outlook
on
current
HM
contexts,
with
particular
focus
relevance
arbuscular
(AM)
symbiosis
as
part
plant-soil
system.
AM
potential
implication
enhancing
plant
survival
performance
presence
stress
could
translate
into
efficient
mitigation
environmental
risks
associated
increasing
contamination
human-managed
ecosystems.
Dust
lift-up
leaching
HMs
are
main
routes
exposure
pollution.
system
can
reduce
these
Moreover,
growing
HM-contaminated
lands
display
chlorosis
common
toxicity
symptom.
Therefore,
changes
occurring
chlorophyll
content
and/or
chlorophyll-associated
parameters
used
indicators
revealing
physiological
phytoremediation
contexts.
Available
scientific
information
suggests
that
inoculation
fungi
(AMF)
increases
levels
most
cases.
Such
response
likely
occurs
burden
is
sustained
by
symbiotic
partners
together,
so
each
partner
a
role
mitigating
negative
effects.
Contaminated
agricultural
land
urban
come
challenges.
Feasibility
decontaminating
them
strictly
relies
achievement
long-term
desired
outcomes.
Hence,
perennial
energy
crops
establish
successful
represent
best
candidate
species
further
approaches.
Journal of Molecular Biology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 169137 - 169137
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Relative
rates
of
protein
synthesis
in
bacteria
generally
depend
on
the
number
copies
a
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
and
efficiency
their
loading
with
ribosomes.
Translation
initiation
involves
multi-stage
assembly
ribosome
mRNA
to
begin
synthesis.
In
bacteria,
small
ribosomal
subunit
(30S)
form
complex
that
can
be
supported
by
RNA-protein
RNA-RNA
interactions
is
extensively
modulated
folding.
The
initiator
transfer
(tRNA)
large
(50S)
are
recruited
aid
three
factors
(IFs).
Equivalent
translation
processes
occur
chloroplasts
due
endosymbiotic
origin
from
photosynthetic
bacteria.
This
review
first
summarizes
molecular
basis
highlighting
recent
insight
into
initial,
intermediate
late
stages
pathway
obtained
structural
analyses.
chloroplast
then
reviewed,
integrating
our
mechanistic
understanding
bacterial
gene
expression
detailed
vitro
experiments
data
derived
primarily
genetic
studies.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2024
The
genus
Gleditsia
has
significant
medicinal
and
economic
value,
but
information
about
the
chloroplast
genomic
characteristics
of
species
been
limited.
Using
Illumina
sequencing,
we
assembled
annotated
whole
genomes
seven
(Gleditsia
sinensis,
japonica
var.
delavayi
(G.
delavayi),
G.
fera,
japonica,
microphylla,
Fructus
Gleditsiae
Abnormalis
(Zhū
Yá
Zào),
microphylla
mutant).
revealed
that
have
a
typical
circular
tetrad
structure,
with
genome
sizes
ranging
from
162,746
to
170,907
bp.
Comparative
analysis
showed
most
(65.8-75.8%)
abundant
simple
sequence
repeats
in
Gymnocladus
were
located
large
single
copy
region.
prefer
T/A-ending
codons
avoid
C/G-ending
codons,
positive
selection
was
acting
on
rpoA,
rpl20,
atpB,
ndhA
ycf4
genes,
genes
underwent
purifying
selection.
Expansion
contraction
inverted
repeat
(IR)/single
(SC)
region
similar
patterns
within
genus.
Polymorphism
coding
regions
more
conserved
than
non-coding
regions,
IR
SC
Mutational
hotspots
mostly
found
intergenic
such
as
"rps16-trnQ",
"trnT-trnL",
"ndhG-ndhI",
"rpl32-trnL"
Gleditsia.
Phylogenetic
fera
is
closely
related
sinensis,G.
are
relatively
related.
Zhū
Zào
can
be
considered
bud
mutation
sinensis.
albino
phenotype
mutant
not
caused
by
variations
genome,
occurrence
may
due
mutations
chloroplast-related
involved
splicing
or
localization
functions.
This
study
will
help
us
enhance
our
exploration
genetic
evolution
geographical
origins
The Plant Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(10), С. 3974 - 3996
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
F-type
ATP
synthases
are
extensively
researched
protein
complexes
because
of
their
widespread
and
central
role
in
energy
metabolism.
Progress
structural
biology,
proteomics,
molecular
biology
has
also
greatly
advanced
our
understanding
the
catalytic
mechanism,
post-translational
modifications,
biogenesis
chloroplast
synthases.
Given
critical
light-driven
generation,
tailoring
activity
modeling
approaches
can
be
applied
to
modulate
photosynthesis.
In
future,
advances
genetic
manipulation
design
tools
will
significantly
expand
scope
for
testing
new
strategies
engineering
nanomotors.
Plants,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(2), С. 247 - 247
Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025
Thioredoxin
z
(TRX
z)
plays
a
significant
role
in
chloroplast
development
by
regulating
the
transcription
of
genes.
In
this
study,
we
identified
pentatricopeptide
repeat
(PPR)
protein,
rice
albino
seedling-lethal
(RAS),
that
interacts
with
OsTRX
z.
This
interaction
was
initially
discovered
using
yeast
two-hybrid
(Y2H)
screening
technique
and
further
validated
through
Y2H
bimolecular
fluorescence
complementation
(BiFC)
experiments.
RAS
contains
16
PPR
motifs
features
small
MutS-related
(SMR)
domain
at
its
C-terminus.
CRISPR/Cas9-generated
ras
mutants
exhibited
an
phenotype
characterized
abnormal
structures
significantly
reduced
chlorophyll
content.
localizes
to
is
predominantly
expressed
young
leaves.
Mutations
affect
RNA
editing
rpl2,
rps14,
ndhA
sites,
as
well
splicing
atpF,
transcripts
within
chloroplast.
Furthermore,
expression
levels
genes
associated
formation
are
altered
mutant.
Both
were
found
interact
signal
recognition
particle
(cpSRP)
proteins,
indicating
their
proper
localization
may
be
dependent
on
SRP
pathway.
Collectively,
our
findings
highlight
critical
development,
it
involved
processing
regulation
gene
expression.
