Constructed Rice Tracers Identify the Major Virulent Transcription Activator-Like Effectors of the Bacterial Leaf Blight Pathogen

Rice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2024

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. (Xoo) injects major transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) into plant cells to activate susceptibility (S) genes for promoting bacterial leaf blight in rice. Numerous resistance (R) have been used construct differential cultivars of rice identify races Xoo, but the S were rarely considered. Different edited lines cv. Kitaake constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing, including single, double and triple edits effector-binding elements (EBEs) located promoters OsSWEET11a, OsSWEET13 OsSWEET14. The near-isogenic (NILs) as tracers detect TALEs (PthXo1, PthXo2, PthXo3 their variants) 50 Xoo strains. pathotypes produced on determined six TALE types presence strains was consistent with expression tracers, it also by known genome sequences. EBE editing had little effect agronomic traits, which conducive balancing yield resistance. rice-tracers generated here provide a valuable tool track Asia then shows what are needed combat field.

Язык: Английский

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Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola effector Tal10a directly activates rice OsHXK5 expression to facilitate pathogenesis

The Plant Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 119(5), С. 2423 - 2436

Опубликована: Июль 12, 2024

SUMMARY Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola ( Xoc ), is a major bacterial disease in rice. Transcription activator‐like effectors (TALEs) from can induce host susceptibility S ) genes and facilitate infection. However, knowledge of the function TALEs promoting virulence limited. In this study, we demonstrated importance Tal10a for full . Through computational prediction gene expression analysis, identified hexokinase OsHXK5 as target Tal10a. directly binds to promoter region activates CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated editing effector binding element (EBE) significantly increases rice resistance , while overexpression enhances plants impairs defense responses. Moreover, simultaneous promoters OsSULTR3;6 confers robust Taken together, our findings highlight role targeting promote infection suggest that represents potential engineering

Язык: Английский

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Rice Promoter Editing: An Efficient Genetic Improvement Strategy

Rice, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2024

Gene expression levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and other plant species are determined by the promoters, which directly control phenotypic characteristics. As essential components of genes, promoters regulate intensity, location, timing gene expression. They contain numerous regulatory elements serve as binding sites for proteins that modulate transcription, including transcription factors RNA polymerases. Genome editing can alter promoter sequences, thereby precisely modifying patterns specific ultimately affecting morphology, quality, resistance rice. This paper summarizes research on conducted recent years, focusing improvements yield, heading date, disease resistance. It is expected to inform application encourage further development crop genetic improvement with promote.

Язык: Английский

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TALome and phenotypic analysis of Pakistani Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae population revealed novel virulent TALEs contributing to bacterial blight of rice

Phytopathology Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Abstract Bacterial blight (BB) of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. ( Xoo ), is an important disease in rice-growing countries, including Pakistan, where it was first reported the mid-1970s. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) play vital roles many plant diseases spp.; however, Pakistani TALome diversity and their contribution to pathogenicity largely unknown. In this study, 101 strains were screened using specific PCR primers. The genomic DNA from these underwent Bam HI digestion hybridized with internal Sph I fragment PthXo1 . Southern blot analysis revealed 16 20 putative tale fragments among tested strains. These further classified into 11 genotypes based on number size hybridizing bands. Genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4 represented 24, 51, 17 strains, respectively. Pathogenicity assays near-isogenic lines (NILs) containing different resistance R ) genes exhibited that CBB23 incompatible all Pakistani- genotypes, whereas IRBB5 IRBB4 showed against genotypes. contrast, paddy trails NILs single, double, triple mutants OsSWEET11a , OsSWEET13 OsSWEET14 effector binding elements (EBEs) cv. Kitaake KP-22 LD-5 harbor novel virulent TAL effector/s. Interestingly, expression six clade-III OsSWEET suggests TALE/s targeting unidentified susceptibility gene/s. Altogether, study highlights gene-for-gene relationships between This report providing TALEs relationship S (susceptibility) genes. Further identification cognate target/s warranted precisely elucidate role BB.

Язык: Английский

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Two TAL Effectors of Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum Induce Water Soaking by Activating GhSWEET14 Genes in Cotton

Molecular Plant Pathology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Bacterial blight of cotton (BBC) caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. malvacearum (Xcm) is an important and destructive disease affecting plants. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) released the pathogen regulate resistance to susceptibility. In this study, we sequenced whole genome Xcm Xss-V2-18 identified eight tal genes: seven on plasmids one chromosome. Deletion complementation experiments genes demonstrated that Tal1b required for full virulence cotton. Transcriptome profiling coupled with TALE-binding element prediction revealed targets GhSWEET14A04/D04 GhSWEET14D02 simultaneously. Expression analysis confirmed independent inducibility Tal1b, whereas additionally targeted Tal1. Moreover, β-glucuronidase Xa10-mediated hypersensitive response assays indicated effector-binding (EBEs) are direct specific activation candidate Tal1 Ta1b. These insights enhance our understanding underlying mechanisms bacterial in might lead improved through EBEs disruption or a TALE-trap strategy.

Язык: Английский

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WRKY36–PIL15 Transcription Factor Complex Negatively Regulates Sheath Blight Resistance and Seed Development in Rice

Plants, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 518 - 518

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025

Sheath blight (ShB) causes severe yield loss in rice. Previously, we demonstrated that the sugar will eventually be exported and transporter 11 (SWEET11) mutation significantly improved rice resistance to ShB, but it caused defects seed development. The present study found WRKY36 PIL15 directly activate SWEET11 negatively regulate ShB. Interestingly, interacted with PIL15, activates miR530 a key BR signaling transcription factor WRKY53. AOS2 is an effector protein from Rhizoctonia solani (R. solani) interacts also for nutrition R. solani. These data collectively suggest WRKY36–PIL15 regulates ShB development via activation of miR530, respectively. In addition, are partners by which hijacks

Язык: Английский

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Xoo Effector TalAE73-Targeted OsLTPL23 Mediates Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) secreted from Xanthomonas oryzae pv (Xoo) function as a pathogenicity factor to activate rice bacterial blight (BB) susceptibility, conforming the gene-for-gene paradigm well resistance. Xoo pathotypes generally harbor one three major TALEs targeting OsSWEET genes determine pathogenicity; conversely, immunity events mediated by minor have not been taken seriously. Here, we demonstrated that lipid transfer protein encoding gene OsLTPL23 positively regulates resistance pathotype PXO61, and TalAE73PXO61, representative member of most widely distributed TALE family in 135 isolates, transcriptionally activates expression. Further, TalAE73PXO61 is an avirulence protein, causing effector-triggered compatible rice-Xoo interaction. In addition, reactive oxygen species accumulation, nitrate uptake, salicylic acid homeostasis are physiologically associated with OsLTPL23-dependent BB

Язык: Английский

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Two TAL effectors of Xanthomonas citri promote pustule formation by directly repressing the expression of GRAS transcription factor in citrus

Molecular Horticulture, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Abstract Citrus bacterial canker (CBC), caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. ( Xcc ), poses a significant threat to the citrus industry. employs transcription activator-like effector (TALE) PthA4 target major susceptibility S ) gene CsLOB1 in citrus, promoting host canker. However, contribution of other TALEs, aside from PthA4, virulence remains underexplored. In this study, we characterized two PthA1 variants, designated PthA5 and PthA6, which facilitate infection susceptible species formation hypertrophy hyperplasia symptoms. Both PthA6 bind directly effector-binding elements (EBEs) promoter CsGRAS9 , suppressing its expression. negatively regulates growth contributes CBC resistance. Notably, natural variations EBEs FhGRAS9 promoter, homolog Hong Kong kumquat, prevent affecting Using PTG/Cas9 system, generated proCsGRAS9 -edited sweet orange lines #18–2 #23, contain 86-bp 62-bp deletions EBE regions promoter. These mutant showed enhanced expression increased resistance during infection. Several GA-related genes CsTAC1 regulated were also identified. This is first report that TALEs act as repressors confer susceptibility.

Язык: Английский

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Sugar transporters: mediators of carbon flow between plants and microbes

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Pathogens and symbiotic microorganisms significantly influence plant growth crop productivity. Enhancing disease resistance maximizing the beneficial role of in agriculture constitute critical areas scientific investigation. A fundamental aspect plant-microorganisms interactions revolves around nutritional dynamics, characterized by either "food shortage" or supply" scenarios. Notably, pathogenic predominantly utilize photosynthetic sugars as their primary carbon source during host colonization. This phenomenon has generated substantial interest regulatory mechanisms governing sugar transport redistribution at plant-microorganism interface. Sugar transporters, which primarily mediate allocation to various sink organs, have emerged crucial players plant-pathogen establishment associations. review systematically categorized transporters highlighted functional significance mediating with microorganisms. Furthermore, we synthesized recent advancements understanding molecular these identified key questions warranting further Elucidating roles offers novel strategies for enhancing health productivity, thereby contributing agricultural sustainability global food security.

Язык: Английский

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The Battle Within: Discovering new insights into Phytopathogen Interactions and Effector Dynamics

Microbiological Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 298, С. 128220 - 128220

Опубликована: Май 15, 2025

Язык: Английский

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