Does knowledge of liver fibrosis affect high-risk drinking behaviour (KLIFAD): an open-label pragmatic feasibility randomised controlled trial

EClinicalMedicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 61, С. 102069 - 102069

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2023

BackgroundEarly identification followed by effective behaviour interventions is pivotal to changing the natural history of alcohol-related liver disease. We examined feasibility using transient elastography based advice and alcohol recovery video stories (ARVS) change drinking in community services.MethodsA randomised control trial (RCT) was conducted three services. Adults 18+ years presenting with a primary problem were (1:1) receive either usual care (control group) or KLIFAD Intervention, consisting tailored stiffness measure access ARVS (intervention group). Data collected at baseline six months. To establish definitive feasibility, recruitment retention rates, study procedure safety extent effectiveness measured (Start date: 02.10.2019, End 30.11.2022, ISRCTN.com: 16922410).Findings382 service users screened, 184 (intervention: 93, control: 91), data for 128 71, 59). Six months follow-up available 87 53, 34). Intervention compared group had longer duration engagement services (mean difference 8.6 days SD = 18.4), more likely complete allocated treatment program reduced stop (54.9% vs 43.9%) reduce AUDIT category (71.7% 61.8%). There no reported serious adverse reactions, one intervention participant an increase category.InterpretationIntegration feasible. It may improve services, clinical trials supplement reduction self-reported consumption. A RCT supported.FundingNational Institute Health Care Research (NIHR201146).

Язык: Английский

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The World Health Organization Risk Drinking Levels Measure of Alcohol Consumption: Prevalence and Health Correlates in Nationally Representative Surveys of U.S. Adults, 2001–2002 and 2012–2013

American Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 178(6), С. 548 - 559

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2021

Little is known about change over time in the prevalence of World Health Organization (WHO) risk drinking levels (very high, moderate, low) and their association with health conditions, overall by gender. The authors used two sets nationally representative U.S. survey data to determine whether changes varied gender examine conditions related alcohol were associated WHO level within each survey, these associations differed gender.Data on current drinkers from 2001-2002 National Epidemiologic Survey Alcohol Related Conditions (NESARC; N=26,655) 2012-2013 NESARC-III (N=25,659) analyzed using logistic regression. Prevalence differences between surveys estimated for Within use disorder (AUD), drug disorders, functional impairment, liver disease, depressive anxiety disorders.In prevalences very high 5.9%, 3.2%, 3.5%, respectively, representing significant increases which 1.0%, 0.6%, 0.9%, respectively. increase among men (0.5%) was smaller than women (1.4%). both surveys, compared low risk, significantly (range differences, 2.2%-57.8%), (2.6%-41.3%), moderate (0.6%-29.8%) drinking. Associations similar gender, except that there stronger effects AUD impairment disorders women.The potentially problematic adults emphasizes need better prevention treatment strategies. study results support validity levels, show clinical utility as nonabstinent reduction goals. Such goals could engage more people treatment, improving public decreasing personal societal consequences

Язык: Английский

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Chromatin architecture in addiction circuitry identifies risk genes and potential biological mechanisms underlying cigarette smoking and alcohol use traits

Molecular Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 27(7), С. 3085 - 3094

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Gender Differences in Alcohol Use: a Nationwide Study in a Multiethnic Population

International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(3), С. 1161 - 1175

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

Abstract The increase in alcohol consumption, and the greater consequences of chronic use among females, as well convergence gender gap warrants investigation. This paper aims to uncover differences individuals with disorder (AUD) Singapore. SMHS 2016 was a population-based, cross-sectional, epidemiological study. Recruitment spanned from August March 2018, where 6126 respondents were recruited. Similarly global estimates, lifetime prevalence 12-month for AUD higher males than females. However, females had obsessive–compulsive (OCD) co-morbidity males. Women also an earlier onset age recovery men. Alarmingly, male (94.14%) female (100%) reported low help-seeking their AUD. Gender identified Singapore population. Future research should direct its effort identify barriers disorder.

Язык: Английский

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The bidirectional relationship between anxiety disorders and alcohol use disorders in adults: Findings from a longitudinal population-based study

Journal of Affective Disorders, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 314, С. 126 - 132

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Bariatric Surgery Is Associated with Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Psychiatric Disorders Associated with AUD

Obesity Surgery, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 33(5), С. 1494 - 1505

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

Abstract Background/Aims Bariatric surgery can increase the risk of addictive disorders and nutritional deficiencies. The aim this study was to evaluate association between bariatric alcohol use disorder (AUD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), psychiatric associated with AUD. impact vitamin D deficiency in these associations also investigated. Methods A cross-sectional performed using National Inpatient Sample database its ICD-9 codes information. Diagnostic comorbidity data from hospital discharges were obtained patients other abdominal surgeries 2005 2015. two groups then compared for outcomes after propensity-score matching. Results final cohort included 537,757 surgeries. group had an increased AUD [odds ratio (OR): 1.90; 95% CI: 1.85–1.95], ALD [OR: 1.29; 1.22–1.37], cirrhosis [OR, 1.39; 1.37–1.42], 3.59; 3.37–3.84]. Vitamin did not AUD, ALD, or Conclusions is prevalence These appear be independent deficiency. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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“But I didn’t drink!”: What to do with discordant phosphatidylethanol results

Liver Transplantation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(2), С. 213 - 222

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Liver transplantation (LT) teams must be adept at detecting, evaluating, and treating patients' alcohol use, given its prominence among psychological behavioral phenomena which cause contribute to liver diseases. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a highly useful biomarker increasingly recommended for routine use in hepatology LT. PEth unique biomarkers because of wide detection window, high sensitivity specificity, the correlation numerical value with different patterns use. Alongside myriad clinical opportunities LT, also confers numerous challenges: little guidance exists about use; fearing loss LT access reactions their clinicians families, candidates recipients are incentivized conceal report lack expertise diagnosing substance-related challenges. Discordance between patient self-reported toxicology yet another common particularly difficult circumstance. This article discusses general toxicological properties PEth; explores possible scenarios concordance discordance results, history, drinking; provides detailed communication strategies explore patients, key aspect

Язык: Английский

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Trastorno por uso de sustancias: epidemiología, complicaciones médicas y tratamiento

Medicina Clínica, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 162(9), С. 431 - 438

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Discriminative functional connectivity signature of cocaine use disorder links to rTMS treatment response

Nature Mental Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 2(4), С. 388 - 400

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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The potential of 5‐methoxy‐N,N‐dimethyltryptamine in the treatment of alcohol use disorder: A first look at therapeutic mechanisms of action

Addiction Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Alcohol use disorder (AUD) remains one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders worldwide with high economic costs. Current treatment options show modest efficacy and relapse rates are high. Furthermore, there increases in gap few new medications have been approved past 20 years. Recently, psychedelic‐assisted therapy psilocybin lysergic acid diethylamide has garnered significant attention AUD. Yet, they require amounts therapist input due to prolonged subjective effects (~4–12 h) leading costs impeding implementation. Accordingly, is an increasing interest rapid short‐acting psychedelic 5‐methoxy‐ N,N ‐dimethyltryptamine (5‐MeO‐DMT). This paper offers a first look at potential therapeutic mechanisms for AUD by reviewing current literature on 5‐MeO‐DMT. Primarily, 5‐MeO‐DMT able induce mystical experiences ego‐dissolution together psychological flexibility mindfulness. could decrease symptoms through alleviation mood‐related comorbidities consistent negative reinforcement self‐medication paradigms. In addition, preliminary evidence indicates that modulates neural oscillations might subserve (increases gamma ), mindfulness theta reorganization executive control networks coherence across frequencies) improve emotion regulation inhibition. Finally, animal studies characterized neuroplasticity, anti‐inflammation, 5‐HT 2A receptor agonism, downregulation metabotropic glutamate 5 clinical implications comorbidities. The concludes several recommendations future research establish purported action.

Язык: Английский

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