Polysaccharides in fruits: Biological activities, structures, and structure-activity relationships and influencing factors-A review

Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 451, С. 139408 - 139408

Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Structure and mechanism of biosynthesis of Streptococcus mutans cell wall polysaccharide

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

Abstract Streptococcus mutans , the causative agent of human dental caries, expresses a cell wall attached Serotype c- specific Carbohydrate (SCC) that is critical for viability. SCC consists polyrhamnose backbone →3)α-Rha(1 → 2)α-Rha(1→ repeats with glucose (Glc) side-chains and glycerol phosphate (GroP) decorations. This study reveals has one predominant two more minor Glc modifications. The modification, α-Glc, to position 2 3-rhamnose, installed by SccN SccM glycosyltransferases site GroP addition. modifications are β-Glc linked 4 3-rhamnose SccP SccQ glycosyltransferases, α-Glc 2-rhamnose working in tandem an unknown enzyme. Both major control bacterial morphology, but only biofilm formation.

Язык: Английский

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Towards glycan foldamers and programmable assemblies

Nature Reviews Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(3), С. 190 - 201

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Glycan Shape, Motions, and Interactions Explored by NMR Spectroscopy

JACS Au, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1), С. 20 - 39

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024

Glycans in the form of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycoconjugates are ubiquitous nature, their structures range from linear assemblies to highly branched decorated constructs. Solution state NMR spectroscopy facilitates elucidation preferred conformations shapes saccharides, motions, dynamic aspects related processes over time as well study transient interactions with proteins. Identification intermolecular networks at atomic level detail recognition events by carbohydrate-binding proteins known lectins, unraveling antibodies, revealing substrate scope action glycosyl transferases employed for synthesis oligo- polysaccharides may efficiently be analyzed spectroscopy. By utilizing active nuclei present glycans derivatives thereof, including isotopically enriched compounds, detailed information can obtained experiments. Subsequent analysis aided quantum chemical calculations parameters, machine learning-based methodologies artificial intelligence. Interpretation results experiments complemented extensive molecular dynamics simulations obtain three-dimensional models, thereby clarifying involving glycans.

Язык: Английский

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Direct Identification of Complex Glycans via a Highly Sensitive Engineered Nanopore

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 146(19), С. 13356 - 13366

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

The crucial roles that glycans play in biological systems are determined by their structures. However, the analysis of glycan structures still has numerous bottlenecks due to inherent complexities. nanopore technology emerged as a powerful sensor for DNA sequencing and peptide detection. This significant impact on development related research area. Currently, nanopores beginning be applied detection simple glycans, but complex this is challenging. Here, we designed an engineered α-hemolysin M113R/T115A achieve sensing at micromolar concentrations under label-free conditions. By extracting characteristic features depict three-dimensional (3D) scatter plot, with different numbers functional groups, various chain lengths ranging from disaccharide decasaccharide, distinct glycosidic linkages could distinguished. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations show behaviors β1,3- or β1,4-glycosidic bonds nanopores. More importantly, system permitted discrimination each isomer mixture separation ratio over 0.9. work represents proof-of-concept demonstration can analyzed using technology.

Язык: Английский

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Exopolysaccharide production by salt-tolerant bacteria: Recent advances, current challenges, and future prospects

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 264, С. 130731 - 130731

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Nanopore-based glycan sequencing: state of the art and future prospects

Chemical Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(17), С. 6229 - 6243

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

This perspective outlines three potential routes for nanopore-based glycan sequencing, highlighting their applications and offering insights to meet associated challenges. It also introduces the concept of sequencer.

Язык: Английский

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Uncovering the Molecular Composition and Architecture of the Bacillus subtilis Biofilm via Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 146(17), С. 11906 - 11923

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2024

The complex and dynamic compositions of biofilms, along with their sophisticated structural assembly mechanisms, endow them exceptional capabilities to thrive in diverse conditions that are typically unfavorable for individual cells. Characterizing biofilms native state is significantly challenging due intrinsic complexities the limited availability noninvasive techniques. Here, we utilized solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy analyze Bacillus subtilis in-depth. Our data uncover a dynamically distinct organization within biofilm: dominant, hydrophilic, mobile framework interspersed minor, rigid cores water accessibility. In these heterogeneous cores, major components largely self-assembled. TasA fibers, most robust elements, further provide degree mechanical support cell aggregates some lipid vesicles. Notably, can persist even without extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) polymers, although this leads slight variations rigidity Exopolysaccharides exclusively present domain, playing pivotal role its retention property. Specifically, all molecules tightly bound biofilm matrix. These findings reveal dual-layered defensive strategy diffusion barrier through mobility phase physical posed by accessibility phase. Complementing discoveries, our comprehensive, situ compositional analysis not only essential delineating architecture but also reveals presence alternative genetic mechanisms synthesizing exopolysaccharides beyond known pathway.

Язык: Английский

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Mapping the Acetylamino and Carboxyl Groups on Glycans by Engineered α-Hemolysin Nanopores

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 145(34), С. 18812 - 18824

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023

Glycan is a crucial class of biological macromolecules with important functions. Functional groups determine the chemical properties glycans, which further affect their activities. However, structural complexity glycans has set technical hurdle for direct identification. Nanopores have emerged as highly sensitive biosensors that are capable detecting and characterizing various analytes. Here, we identified functional on designed α-hemolysin nanopore containing arginine mutations (M113R), specifically to acetamido carboxyl groups. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated produce unique electrical signatures by forming polar electrostatic interactions M113R nanopores. Using these features fingerprints, mapped length at monosaccharide, disaccharide, trisaccharide levels. This proof-of-concept study provides promising foundation developing single-molecule glycan fingerprinting libraries demonstrates capability nanopores in sequencing.

Язык: Английский

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Diversity of Bioinspired Hydrogels: From Structure to Applications

Gels, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(5), С. 376 - 376

Опубликована: Май 2, 2023

Hydrogels are three-dimensional networks with a variety of structures and functions that have remarkable ability to absorb huge amounts water or biological fluids. They can incorporate active compounds release them in controlled manner. also be designed sensitive external stimuli: temperature, pH, ionic strength, electrical magnetic stimuli, specific molecules, etc. Alternative methods for the development various hydrogels been outlined literature over time. Some toxic therefore avoided when obtaining biomaterials, pharmaceuticals, therapeutic products. Nature is permanent source inspiration new functionalities more competitive materials. Natural present series physico-chemical characteristics suitable such as biocompatibility, antimicrobial properties, biodegradability, nontoxicity. Thus, they generate microenvironments comparable intracellular extracellular matrices human body. This paper discusses main advantages presence biomolecules (polysaccharides, proteins, polypeptides) hydrogels. Structural aspects induced by natural their properties emphasized. The most applications will highlighted, including drug delivery, self-healing materials regenerative medicine, cell culture, wound dressings, 3D bioprinting, foods,

Язык: Английский

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