Agricultural Greenhouses: Resource Management Technologies and Perspectives for Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Agriculture, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(7), С. 1464 - 1464

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Resource management in agriculture is considered a pivotal issue because greenhouse farming and agriculture-related activities generate about 10–29% of all global gas emissions. The problem high emissions still unresolved due to the rapid expansion arable land meet food demand. purpose this systematic literature review was new perspectives insights regarding development resource optimized environments greenhouses, thereby lowering energy requirements CO2 This sought answer what technologies inventions could be used achieve zero through efficient energy-saving mechanisms while considering their technical economic viability. synthesis findings led several themes which included techniques for systems that reduced unfavorable external conditions renewable systems. Other identified regarded storage systems, managing carbon capture storage, factors influencing performance different enhance ensure also revealed various design greenhouses including proportional–integral–derivatives (PID), fuzzy, artificial neural networks, other intelligent algorithms. Additionally, were combination these algorithms examined. use insulation panels shading Greenhouse covers by smart glass sensors, Internet Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI) Renewable PV (solar) panels, wind turbines, geothermal electricity. Some thermal widely studied recent research underground (UTES) (for seasonal storage), phase-change materials (PCMs), water tanks, are address short-term shortages peak loads. adoption above purposes constrained fact there no isolated technology enable agricultural producers energy, emissions, optimal utilization short term. Future studies should establish whether it economical large companies install infrastructure slow fertilizer release structures offset footprint.

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production through power-to-liquid (PtL): A combined techno-economic and life cycle assessment

Energy Conversion and Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 292, С. 117427 - 117427

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2023

The current research critically evaluates the technical, economic, and environmental performance of a Power-to-Liquid (PtL) system for production sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). This SAF comprises direct air capture (DAC) unit, an off-shore wind farm, alkaline electrolyser refinery plant (reverse water gas shift coupled with Fischer-Tropsch reactor). calculated carbon conversion efficiency, hydrogen Power-to-liquids efficiency are 88 %, 39.16 % 25.6 respectively. heat integration between DAC unit enhances system's energy performance, while units reduces demand fresh water. economic assessment estimates minimum jet selling price (MJSP) 5.16 £/kg. process is OPEX intensive due to electricity requirements, CAPEX dominated by unit. A Well-to-Wake (WtWa) life cycle (LCA) shows that global warming potential (GWP) equals 21.43 gCO2eq/MJSAF, highly dependent on upstream emissions electricity. Within 95 confidence interval, stochastic Monte Carlo LCA reveals GWP falls below UK mandate treshold 50 reduction compared fossil fuel. Moreover, resulting WtWa footprint 0.480 l/MJSAF, refinery's cooling requirements electricity's pose as main contributors. study concludes estimating required monetary value certificates different scenarios under guidelines.

Язык: Английский

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Life Cycle Assessment of Coastal Enhanced Weathering for Carbon Dioxide Removal from Air

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(15), С. 6169 - 6178

Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2023

Coastal enhanced weathering (CEW) is a carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approach whereby crushed silicate minerals are spread in coastal zones to be naturally weathered by waves and tidal currents, releasing alkalinity removing atmospheric (CO2). Olivine has been proposed as candidate mineral due its abundance high CO2 uptake potential. A life cycle assessment (LCA) of silt-sized (10 μm) olivine revealed that CEW's life-cycle emissions total environmental footprint, i.e., penalty, amount around 51 kg CO2eq 3.2 Ecopoint (Pt) units per tonne captured CO2, respectively, these will recaptured within few months. Smaller particle sizes dissolve even faster; however, their footprints (e.g., 223 10.6 Pt tCO2–1, for 1 μm olivine), engineering challenges comminution transportation, possible stresses airborne and/or silt pollution) might restrict applicability. Alternatively, larger exhibit lower 14.2 tCO2–1 1.6 1000 olivine) could incorporated zone management schemes, thus possibly crediting CEW with avoided emissions. However, they much slower, requiring 5 37 years before the becomes net negative, respectively. The differences between penalties highlight need using multi-issue impact methods rather than focusing on balances alone. When full profile was considered, it identified fossil fuel-dependent electricity main hotspot, followed nickel releases, which may have large marine ecotoxicity. Results were also sensitive transportation means distance. Renewable energy low-nickel can minimize profile.

Язык: Английский

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Trends in Research and Development for CO₂ Capture and Sequestration

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(13), С. 11643 - 11664

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Technological and medical advances over the past few decades epitomize human capabilities. However, increased life expectancies concomitant land-use changes have significantly contributed to release of ∼830 gigatons CO2 into atmosphere last three decades, an amount comparable prior two a half centuries emissions. The United Nations has adopted pledge achieve "net zero", i.e., yearly removing as much from emitted due activities, by year 2050. Attaining this goal will require concerted effort scientists, policy makers, industries all around globe. development novel materials on industrial scales selectively remove mixtures gases makes it possible mitigate emissions using multipronged approach. Broadly, present in can be captured processes for biological, chemical, geological technologies that sequester while also reducing our dependence fossil-fuel reserves. In review, we used curated literature available CAS Content Collection systematic analysis various approaches taken scientists industrialists restore carbon balance environment. Our highlights latest trends alongside associated challenges.

Язык: Английский

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A systemic review of hydrogen supply chain in energy transition

Frontiers in Energy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(1), С. 102 - 122

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Environmental impacts of carbon capture, transport, and storage supply chains: Status and the way forward

International journal of greenhouse gas control, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 132, С. 104039 - 104039

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Carbon capture, transport, and storage (CCTS) enables the decarbonization of industrial emitters. CCTS is regarded as crucial in reaching net-zero emission targets but currently stands far behind required scale. deployment for point sources may be accelerated by chains relying on available technology, called pioneering supply chains. In particular, transporting CO2 standard containers can implemented without new transport infrastructure. Pioneering must not cause more emissions than they store to successfully avoid emissions. Using life cycle assessment, we show that emit less permanently, demonstrating already today 50 70% source GHG This evidence proves robust against uncertainties based scarce operational experience CCTS. Our environmental assessment shows increasing capture rate above assumed 90% a main lever increase avoidance 80%. Capturing causes large shares chain's global warming impact rely fossil fuels. Reducing intensity energy switching pipeline-based reduce other impacts compared analysis accelerate infrastructure scale-up while storing from sources.

Язык: Английский

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Comparative review of Direct air capture technologies: From technical, commercial, economic, and environmental aspects

Chemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 484, С. 149411 - 149411

Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Future hydrogen economies imply environmental trade-offs and a supply-demand mismatch

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024

Abstract Hydrogen will play a key role in decarbonizing economies. Here, we quantify the costs and environmental impacts of possible large-scale hydrogen economies, using four prospective demand scenarios for 2050 ranging from 111–614 megatonne H 2 year −1 . Our findings confirm that renewable (solar photovoltaic wind) electrolytic production generates at least 50–90% fewer greenhouse gas emissions than fossil-fuel-based counterparts without carbon capture storage. However, could still result considerable burdens, which requires reassessing concept green hydrogen. global analysis highlights few salient points: (i) mismatch between economical across continents seems likely; (ii) region-specific limitations are inevitable since possibly more 60% large potentials concentrated water-scarce regions; (iii) upscaling be limited by power generation natural resource potentials.

Язык: Английский

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Prioritizing Non-Carbon Dioxide Removal Mitigation Strategies Could Reduce the Negative Impacts Associated with Large-Scale Reliance on Negative Emissions

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(8), С. 3755 - 3765

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024

Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) is necessary for reaching net zero emissions, with studies showing potential deployment at multi-GtCO2 scale by 2050. However, excessive reliance on future CDR entails serious risks, including delayed emissions cuts, lock-in of fossil infrastructure, and threats to sustainability from increased resource competition. This study highlights an alternative pathway─prioritizing near-term non-CDR mitigation minimizing dependence. We impose a 1 GtCO2 limit global novel 2050, forcing aggressive early reductions compared 8–22 in higher scenarios. Our results reveal that this low pathway significantly decreases fuel use, greenhouse gas (GHG) air pollutants pathways. Driving rapid energy transitions eases pressures land (including food cropland), water, fertilizer resources required negative emissions. these gains come costs greater low/zero-carbon technology decarbonization. Overall, work provides strong evidence maximizing strategies such as renewables, electrification, carbon neutral/negative fuels, efficiency now rather than betting uncertain scaling. Ambitious decade essential prevent offer the best chance successful deep constrained scenario offers robust achieving limited impacts.

Язык: Английский

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Assessment of technologies and economics for carbon dioxide removal from a portfolio perspective

International journal of greenhouse gas control, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 141, С. 104297 - 104297

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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