Molecular insights into the composition, sources, and aging of atmospheric brown carbon

Chemical Society Reviews, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The light-absorbing chemical components of atmospheric organic aerosols are commonly referred to as Brown Carbon (BrC), reflecting the characteristic yellowish brown appearance aerosol.

Язык: Английский

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Enhanced Light Absorption and Elevated Viscosity of Atmospheric Brown Carbon through Evaporation of Volatile Components

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(17), С. 7493 - 7504

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

Samples of brown carbon (BrC) material were collected from smoke emissions originating wood pyrolysis experiments, serving as a proxy for BrC representative biomass burning emissions. The acquired samples, referred to "pyrolysis oil (PO

Язык: Английский

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Secondary Organic Aerosol Generated from Biomass Burning Emitted Phenolic Compounds: Oxidative Potential, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Cytotoxicity

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(19), С. 8194 - 8206

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2024

Phenolic compounds are largely emitted from biomass burning (BB) and have a significant potential to form SOA (Phc-SOA). However, the toxicological properties of Phc-SOA remain unclear. In this study, phenol guaiacol were chosen as two representative phenolic gases in BB plumes, water-soluble components their generated under different photochemical ages NOx levels investigated. contribute greatly oxidative (OP) biomass-burning SOA. OH-adducts (e.g., 2-methoxyhydroquinone) identified (GSOA) with high OP. The addition nitro groups 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, surrogate quinone compound Phc-SOA, increased its toxicity both (PSOA) GSOA vitro human alveolar epithelial cells decreased aging terms cell death cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), possibly due more ring-opening products relatively low toxicity. influence was consistent between ROS for but not PSOA, indicating that production does necessarily represent all processes contributing caused by PSOA. Combining acellular assays can provide comprehensive understanding aerosol properties.

Язык: Английский

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Optical properties and simple forcing efficiency of the organic aerosols and black carbon emitted by residential wood burning in rural central Europe

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(4), С. 2583 - 2605

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Abstract. Recent years have seen an increase in the use of wood for energy production over 30 %, and this trend is expected to continue due current crisis geopolitical instability. At present, residential burning (RWB) one most important sources organic aerosols (OAs) black carbon (BC), posing a significant risk air quality health. Simultaneously, as substantial aerosol source, RWB also holds relevance context radiative effects climate. While BC recognized its large light absorption cross-section, role OAs still under evaluation their heterogeneous composition source-dependent optical properties. Existing studies that characterize wood-burning emissions Europe primarily concentrate on urban background sites focus Despite rural areas, these locations received comparatively less attention. The present scenario underscores imperative improved understanding pollution, properties, subsequent connection climate impacts, particularly areas. We characterized atmospheric particles from central European site during wintertime village Retje Loški Potok, Slovenia, 1 December 2017 7 March 2018. experienced extremely high concentrations produced by near-ground temperature inversion. isolated location local made it ideal laboratory-like place characterizing with low influence non-RWB ambient conditions. mean mass OA were 35 µg m−3 (max⁡=270 m−3) 3.1 (max⁡=24 m−3), respectively. total particle number concentration (10–600 nm) was 9.9×103 cm−3 (max⁡=59×103 cm−3). coefficients at 370 880 nm measured AE33 Aethalometer 120 22 Mm−1 had maximum values 1100 180 Mm−1, campaign Potok significantly larger than reported several areas region populations extent sources. Here, considerable contributions brown (BrC) identified, reaching up 60 % 48 near-UV (370 blue (470 wavelengths. These are 3 times higher other impacted emissions. calculated cross-section Ångström exponent MACOA,370nm=2.4 m2 g−1, AAEBrC,370-590nm=3.9, Simple-forcing-efficiency (SFE) calculations performed sensitivity analysis evaluate impact study integrating properties campaign. SFE results show forcing capacity aerosols, more bright surfaces like snow, typical coldest season RWB. Our study's highly regarding impact. findings suggest there may be underestimation further investigation necessary.

Язык: Английский

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Effect of relative humidity, NO_x, and ammonia on the physical properties of naphthalene secondary organic aerosols

Environmental Science Atmospheres, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(6), С. 991 - 1007

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Relative humidity, NO x , and NH 3 can all alter the molecular, optical, hygroscopic properties of naphthalene SOAs, with a complex synergy between these factors.

Язык: Английский

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Light absorption and scattering properties of indole secondary organic aerosol prepared under various oxidant and relative humidity conditions

Aerosol Science and Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(6), С. 532 - 545

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from indole was produced in a smog chamber under different relative humidity (RH = <2%, 25% and 50%) with oxidants (O3, OH, OH + NOx, NO3). The mass absorption coefficients were measured by extracting SOA methanol taking spectra the 200-700 nm range. Chromophoric compounds tentatively identified liquid chromatography – spectrophotometry spectrometry. One of strongest chromophores nitroindole, high abundance both NO3 NOx oxidation. Indole also prepared an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) using same set variable RH conditions. Densities OFR-generated particles ranged 1.05 g/cm3 for O3 to 1.33 SOA. real (n) imaginary (k) refractive indices quantified broadband cavity-enhanced spectrometer (BBCES) over 360–425 spectral values k 10−2 10−1 at 405 nm, which is comparable those humic-like substances least order magnitude larger than other biogenic anthropogenic volatile compounds. had strong non-monotonic dependence on RH, suggesting two competing reaction mechanisms chromophores, highlighting complex effect water coefficient heterocyclic aromatic precursors. Strong may contribute degradation visibility near its emission sources, include animal husbandry facilities stressed plants.Copyright © 2023 American Association Aerosol Research

Язык: Английский

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A Review on Brown Carbon Aerosol in China: From Molecular Composition to Climate Impact

Current Pollution Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(2), С. 326 - 343

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Research progress on secondary formation, photosensitive reaction mechanism and human health effects of chromophoric brown carbon

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 151, С. 310 - 330

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Molecular analysis of secondary organic aerosol and brown carbon from the oxidation of indole

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(4), С. 2639 - 2649

Опубликована: Фев. 29, 2024

Abstract. Indole (ind) is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic volatile organic compound commonly emitted from animal husbandry and different plants like maize with global emissions of 0.1 Tg yr−1. The chemical composition optical properties indole secondary aerosol (SOA) brown carbon (BrC) are still not well understood. To address this, environmental chamber experiments were conducted to investigate the oxidation at atmospherically relevant concentrations selected oxidants (OH radicals O3) or without NO2. In presence NO2, SOA yields decreased by more than factor 2, but mass absorption coefficient 365 nm (MAC365) ind-SOA was 4.3 ± 0.4 m2 g−1, which 5 times higher that in C8H6N2O2 (identified as 3-nitroindole) contributed 76 % all compounds detected ionization spectrometer, contributing ∼ 50 light (Abs365). absence dominating chromophore C8H7O3N, 20 %–30 Abs365. contributes substantially formation BrC its potential impact on atmospheric radiative transfer further enhanced it significantly increases specific facilitating 3-nitroindole. This work provides new insights into an important process interaction two pollutants, NO2 indole, mainly anthropogenic activities.

Язык: Английский

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Predictions of the Optical Properties of Brown Carbon Aerosol by Machine Learning with Typical Chromophores

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(46), С. 20588 - 20597

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

The linkages between BrC optical properties and chemical composition remain inadequately understood, with quantified chromophores explaining less than 25% of ambient aerosol light absorption. This study characterized 38 typical in aerosols collected Xi'an, absorption contributions to ranging from 1.6 ± 0.3 5.8 2.6% at 365 nm. Based on these chromophores, an interpretable machine learning model the Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) method were employed explore relationships composition. attained high accuracy Pearson correlation coefficients (

Язык: Английский

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