Aerosol Science and Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 18
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2024
Sub-arctic
cities
can
face
episodes
of
high
air
pollution
during
wintertime
that
lead
to
human
exposure
concentrations
particulate
matter.
During
the
ALPACA
campaign
in
Fairbanks,
Alaska
January
–
February
2022,
we
conducted
sampling
outdoor
fine
matter
(PM2.5)
using
a
high-volume
sampler
and
indoor
PM
size-segregated
cascade
impactor
house
activities
including
cooking
residential
heating
pellet
stove.
We
aimed
characterize
health-related
properties
by
measuring
environmentally
persistent
free
radicals
(EPFRs)
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
electron
paramagnetic
resonance
(EPR)
spectroscopy.
also
quantified
oxidative
potential
(OP)
dithiothreitol
(OP-DTT)
OH
(OP-OH)
assays.
found
generates
•OH
(67%)
carbon-centered
(33%),
while
predominantly
forms
(93%)
water.
Indoor
stove
burning
generated
substantial
amounts
EPFRs
submicron
PM.
Both
ROS
exhibit
little
correlations
with
OP-DTT.
Outdoor
correlates
well
water-soluble
iron
(R2
=
0.51),
indicating
role
Fenton(-like)
reactions
generating
aqueous
phase.
OP-OH
modeled
production
rate
lung
lining
fluid
correlate
strongly
EPFRs,
are
redox
active
generate
•OH.
observe
show
weak
correlation
measured
formation
water
but
much
stronger
surrogate
fluid,
emphasizing
importance
antioxidants
for
cycling
generation
Atmospheric chemistry and physics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
23(17), С. 9765 - 9785
Опубликована: Сен. 4, 2023
Abstract.
Multiphase
chemistry
occurs
between
chemicals
in
different
atmospheric
phases,
typically
involving
gas–solid
and
gas–liquid
interactions.
The
importance
of
multiphase
has
long
been
recognized.
Its
central
role
extends
from
acid
precipitation
stratospheric
ozone
depletion
to
its
impact
on
the
oxidizing
capacity
troposphere
roles
that
aerosol
particles
play
driving
chemistry–climate
interactions
affecting
human
health.
This
opinion
article
briefly
introduces
subject
tracks
development
before
after
start
Atmospheric
Chemistry
Physics.
Most
focuses
research
opportunities
challenges
field.
Central
themes
are
a
fundamental
understanding
at
molecular
level
underpins
ability
accurately
predict
environmental
change
discipline
is
strongest
when
tightly
connected
modeling
field
observations.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(10), С. 4716 - 4726
Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2024
The
mechanism
and
kinetics
of
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
formation
when
atmospheric
secondary
organic
aerosol
(SOA)
is
exposed
to
solar
radiation
are
poorly
understood.
In
this
study,
we
combined
an
in
situ
UV–vis
irradiation
system
with
electron
paramagnetic
resonance
(EPR)
spectroscopy
characterize
the
photolytic
ROS
aqueous
extracts
SOA
formed
by
oxidation
isoprene,
α-pinene,
α-terpineol,
toluene.
We
observed
substantial
free
radicals,
including
•OH,
superoxide
(HO2•),
radicals
(R•/RO•)
upon
irradiation.
Compared
dark
conditions,
radical
yield
was
enhanced
a
factor
∼30
for
•OH
2–10
emergence
radicals.
Total
peroxide
measurements
showed
decreases
contents
after
photoirradiation,
indicating
that
peroxides
can
be
important
source
A
liquid
chromatography
interfaced
high-resolution
mass
spectrometry
used
detect
number
form
adducts
spin
trap,
BMPO.
types
detected
photolysis
model
compounds
indicated
carbonyls
Norrish
type
I
mechanisms
plays
role
formation.
serves
as
driving
force
cloud
fog
processing
SOA.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(38), С. 14150 - 14161
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2023
Exposure
to
ambient
fine
particulate
matter
(PM2.5)
is
associated
with
millions
of
premature
deaths
annually.
Oxidative
stress
through
overproduction
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
a
possible
mechanism
for
PM2.5-induced
health
effects.
Organic
aerosol
(OA)
dominant
component
PM2.5
worldwide,
yet
its
role
in
toxicity
poorly
understood
due
chemical
complexity.
Here,
integrated
cellular
ROS
measurements
and
detailed
multi-instrument
characterization
PM
urban
southeastern
United
States,
we
show
that
oxygenated
OA
(OOA),
especially
more-oxidized
OOA,
the
main
type
production.
We
further
reveal
highly
unsaturated
containing
carbon–oxygen
double
bonds
aromatic
rings
OOA
are
major
contributors
These
results
highlight
key
features
driving
toxicity.
As
ubiquitous
abundant
atmosphere,
this
emphasizes
need
understand
sources
processing
when
formulating
effective
strategies
mitigate
impacts.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(4), С. 1823 - 1831
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024
Air
pollution
causes
morbidity
and
excess
mortality.
In
the
epithelial
lining
fluid
of
respiratory
tract,
air
pollutants
trigger
a
chemical
reaction
sequence
that
formation
noxious
hydroxyl
radicals
drive
oxidative
stress.
For
hitherto
unknown
reasons,
individuals
with
pre-existing
inflammatory
disorders
are
particularly
susceptible
to
pollution.
Through
detailed
multiphase
kinetic
analysis,
we
show
commonly
elevated
concentrations
endogenous
nitric
oxide
in
diseased
can
increase
production
via
peroxynitrite
formation.
Our
findings
offer
molecular
rationale
how
adverse
health
effects
stress
caused
by
may
be
exacerbated
disorders.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(49), С. 20501 - 20509
Опубликована: Ноя. 30, 2023
Volatile
organic
compounds
(VOCs)
are
ubiquitous
environmental
pollutants
and
have
been
implicated
in
adverse
health
outcomes.
In
this
study,
concentrations
of
11
VOC
metabolites
(mVOCs)
three
oxidative
stress
biomarkers
(8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine,
8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-guanosine,
dityrosine)
were
determined
205
urine
samples
collected
from
12
cities
across
mainland
China.
Urinary
∑11mVOC
ranged
498
to
1660
ng/mL,
with
a
geometric
mean
(GM)
value
1070
ng/mL.
The
factorial
analysis
revealed
that
cooking,
solvents,
vehicle
emissions
the
primary
sources
exposure.
A
significant
regional
variation
was
clearly
found
four
regions
China,
high
North
South
China
(GM:
1450
1340
ng/mL).
multiple
linear
regression
model
most
mVOCs
significantly
positively
correlated
markers
(β
range:
0.06–0.22).
Mixture
effect
showed
isoprene,
crotonaldehyde,
acrolein,
benzene
strongest
contributors
stress.
Approximately
80%
participants
HQ
values
greater
than
1.0
for
1,3-butadiene
benzene,
suggesting
their
exposure
doses
close
potential
effects.
Our
findings
provide
comprehensive
information
on
human
risks
VOCs
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Окт. 26, 2023
Tumour-Associated
Macrophages
(TAMs)
are
one
of
the
pivotal
components
tumour
microenvironment.
Their
roles
in
cancer
immunity
complicated,
both
pro-tumour
and
anti-cancer
activities
reported,
including
not
only
angiogenesis,
extracellular
matrix
remodeling,
immunosuppression,
drug
resistance
but
also
phagocytosis
regression.
Interestingly,
TAMs
highly
dynamic
versatile
solid
tumours.
They
show
or
activities,
interplay
between
microenvironment
stem
cells
under
specific
conditions.
In
addition
to
classic
M1/M2
phenotypes,
a
number
novel
dedifferentiation
phenomena
discovered
due
advanced
single-cell
technology,
e.g.,
macrophage-myofibroblast
transition
(MMT)
macrophage-neuron
(MNT).
More
importantly,
emerging
information
demonstrated
potential
on
immunotherapy,
suggesting
by
therapeutic
efficiency
checkpoint
inhibitors
chimeric
antigen
receptor
engineered
based
macrophages.
Here,
we
summarized
latest
discoveries
from
basic
translational
research
discussed
their
clinical
relevance
for
cancers.
Environmental Science Atmospheres,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
3(7), С. 1066 - 1074
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
A
multiphase
kinetic
model
analysis
quantifies
effects
of
air
pollutants
on
reactive
oxygen
species
production
and
oxidative
stress
in
the
respiratory
tract.
ACS ES&T Air,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
1(4), С. 316 - 329
Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2024
This
study
investigates
daily
variations
in
redox
potential
of
water-
and
organic-soluble
PM2.5
during
Delhi's
monsoon
season,
offering
insights
into
its
chemical
composition,
cytotoxicity,
oxidative
threat
to
various
lung
conditions.
samples,
categorized
by
pollution
levels,
showed
an
average
intrinsic
(OPmDTT)
27.5
pmol
min–1
μg–1,
OH•
generation
51.1
antioxidant
capacity
(AOC)
both
gallic
acid
trolox
equivalency
62.5
35.3
respectively.
Water-soluble
redox-active
compounds
(RACs)
contributed
approximately
67%
the
potential.
The
polar-phase
distribution
RACs
can
be
modified
atmospheric
photochemistry
precipitation.
Biomass
burning
emerged
as
a
pivotal
source,
with
polluted
samples
exhibiting
higher
cytotoxicity
stress
A549
cells.
All
impaired
cellular
respiration,
reducing
oxygen
consumption
rates
Intrinsic
OPmDTT
were
influenced
fluid
variants,
such
exogenous
nicotine
endogenous
inflammatory
protein.
provides
comprehensive
perspective
on
toxicity
Delhi,
India
distinct
periods
also
points
out
importance
considering
population
disparities
individual
health
status
assessing
impacts.
Aerosol Science and Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(10), С. 1093 - 1113
Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024
Exposure
to
biomass-burning
particulate
matter
(PM)
is
associated
with
various
adverse
health
effects,
including
respiratory
and
cardiovascular
conditions,
cancer,
systemic
effects.
Multiple
mechanisms
underlying
PM
toxicity
components
derived
from
biomass
burning
elicit
harmful
such
as
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generation,
inflammation,
genotoxicity,
tissue-specific
damage.
Specific
compounds
or
families
of
present
in
PM,
polyaromatic
hydrocarbons
(PAHs)
their
derivatives,
have
been
identified
key
contributors
the
observed
Their
roles
oxidative
stress,
DNA
damage,
cell
death
elucidated
organs,
lungs,
liver,
kidneys,
brain,
providing
valuable
insights
into
biological
influence
biomass-burning-related
diseases.
Current
knowledge
impact
highlights
imperative
need
for
further
research
understand
implications
this
environmental
challenge
importance
mitigating
effects
increased
exposure
pollution
protect
well-being
exposed
populations
worldwide.
This
review
focuses
on
crucial
stress
inflammation
mediating
triggered
by
aerosols.
It
examines
aspects
health-related
impacts
emissions,
particularly
those
components.
The
consequences
populations,
emphasizing
specific
biochemical
responses,
contributions
mechanisms,
responsible
these