The ISME Journal,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
12(8), С. 2039 - 2050
Опубликована: Май 30, 2018
Abstract
Spirochaetes
are
frequently
detected
in
anoxic
hydrocarbon-
and
organohalide-polluted
groundwater,
but
their
role
such
ecosystems
has
remained
unclear.
To
address
this,
we
studied
a
sulfate-reducing,
naphthalene-degrading
enrichment
culture,
mainly
comprising
the
sulfate
reducer
Desulfobacterium
N47
rod-shaped
Spirochete
Rectinema
cohabitans
HM.
Genome
sequencing
proteome
analysis
suggested
that
is
an
obligate
fermenter
catabolizes
proteins
carbohydrates,
resulting
acetate,
ethanol,
molecular
hydrogen
(H2)
production.
Physiological
experiments
inferred
important
link
between
two
bacteria
with
H2
derived
from
fermentation
by
R.
used
as
reductant
for
reduction
N47.
Differential
proteomics
physiological
showed
utilizes
biomass
(proteins
carbohydrates)
released
dead
cells
of
Further
comparative
community
genome
analyses
indicated
other
phylotypes
widespread
contaminated
environments
may
perform
hydrogenogenic
fermentative
lifestyle
similar
to
cohabitans.
Together,
these
findings
indicate
environmental
scavenge
detrital
turn
drive
necromass
recycling
at
hydrocarbon-contaminated
sites
potentially
habitats.
FEMS Microbiology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
45(5)
Опубликована: Янв. 28, 2021
ABSTRACT
Despite
the
relevance
of
submarine
groundwater
discharge
(SGD)
for
ocean
biogeochemistry,
microbial
dimension
SGD
remains
poorly
understood.
can
influence
marine
communities
through
supplying
chemical
compounds
and
microorganisms,
in
turn,
microbes
at
land–ocean
transition
zone
determine
chemistry
reaching
ocean.
However,
compared
with
inland
groundwater,
little
is
known
about
coastal
aquifers.
Here,
we
review
state
art
SGD,
emphasis
on
prokaryotes,
identify
current
challenges
future
directions.
Main
include
improving
diversity
description
microbiota,
characterized
by
ultrasmall,
inactive
novel
taxa,
high
ratios
sediment-attached
versus
free-living
cells.
Studies
should
explore
dynamics
their
role
cycles
aquifers,
bidirectional
dispersal
seawater
bacterioplankton
responses
to
SGD.
This
will
require
not
only
combining
sequencing
methods,
visualization
linking
taxonomy
activity
but
also
considering
entire
groundwater–marine
continuum.
Interactions
between
traditionally
independent
disciplines
(e.g.
hydrogeology,
ecology)
are
needed
frame
study
terrestrial
aquatic
microorganisms
beyond
limits
presumed
habitats,
foster
our
understanding
processes
biogeochemical
cycles.
Abstract
Microbial
metabolism
upholds
a
fundamental
role
in
the
sustainability
of
water
ecosystems.
However,
how
microorganisms
surviving
low-concentration
substrate
environments,
including
existence
emerging
compounds
interest,
remains
unclear.
In
this
review,
microbial
strategies
for
concentrating,
utilizing,
and
metabolizing
low
concentration
substrates
were
summarized.
Microorganisms
develop
substrate-concentrating
at
both
cell
aggregate
levels
substrate-limited
settings.
Following,
uptake
transport
are
facilitated
by
adjusting
physiological
characteristics
shifting
affinities.
Finally,
metabolic
pathways,
such
as
mixed-substrate
utilization,
syntrophic
metabolism,
dynamic
response
to
nutrient
variation,
population
density-based
mechanisms
allow
efficiently
utilize
adapt
challenging
oligotrophic
environments.
All
these
will
underpin
devising
new
approaches
tackle
environmental
challenges
drive
ecosystems,
particularly
managing
contaminants
(i.e.,
micropollutants).
The ISME Journal,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
12(8), С. 2039 - 2050
Опубликована: Май 30, 2018
Abstract
Spirochaetes
are
frequently
detected
in
anoxic
hydrocarbon-
and
organohalide-polluted
groundwater,
but
their
role
such
ecosystems
has
remained
unclear.
To
address
this,
we
studied
a
sulfate-reducing,
naphthalene-degrading
enrichment
culture,
mainly
comprising
the
sulfate
reducer
Desulfobacterium
N47
rod-shaped
Spirochete
Rectinema
cohabitans
HM.
Genome
sequencing
proteome
analysis
suggested
that
is
an
obligate
fermenter
catabolizes
proteins
carbohydrates,
resulting
acetate,
ethanol,
molecular
hydrogen
(H2)
production.
Physiological
experiments
inferred
important
link
between
two
bacteria
with
H2
derived
from
fermentation
by
R.
used
as
reductant
for
reduction
N47.
Differential
proteomics
physiological
showed
utilizes
biomass
(proteins
carbohydrates)
released
dead
cells
of
Further
comparative
community
genome
analyses
indicated
other
phylotypes
widespread
contaminated
environments
may
perform
hydrogenogenic
fermentative
lifestyle
similar
to
cohabitans.
Together,
these
findings
indicate
environmental
scavenge
detrital
turn
drive
necromass
recycling
at
hydrocarbon-contaminated
sites
potentially
habitats.
