Leucokinins: Multifunctional Neuropeptides and Hormones in Insects and Other Invertebrates

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(4), С. 1531 - 1531

Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2021

Leucokinins (LKs) constitute a neuropeptide family first discovered in cockroach and later identified numerous insects several other invertebrates. The LK receptors are only distantly related to known receptors. Among insects, there many examples of species where genes encoding LKs their absent. Furthermore, genomics has revealed that signaling is lacking the invertebrate phyla vertebrates. In number complexity LK-expressing neurons vary, from simple pattern Drosophila larva entire CNS 20 3 main types, cockroaches with about 250 different types. Common all studied presence or 1–3 pairs neurosecretory cells each abdominal neuromere ventral nerve cord, that, at least some regulate secretion Malpighian tubules. This review summarizes diverse functional roles as well arthropods mollusks. These functions include regulation ion water homeostasis, feeding, sleep–metabolism interactions, state-dependent memory formation, modulation gustatory sensitivity nociception. Other implied by neuronal distribution LK, but remain be investigated.

Язык: Английский

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Differential expression of some termite neuropeptides and insulin/IGF-related hormones and their plausible functions in growth, reproduction and caste determination

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2023

Abstract Background Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and other peptides (ilps) are important hormones regulating development in animals. Whereas most animals have a single female male adult phenotype, some insect species the same genome may lead to different final forms. Perhaps best known example is honeybee where females can either develop into queens or workers. More extreme forms of such polyphenism occur termites, queens, kings, workers soldiers coexist. Both juvenile hormone insulin-like regulate reproduction as well polyphenism. In termites role induction soldier caste known, but IGF ilps these processes remains largely unknown. Here various termite identified hypotheses regarding their functions suggested. Methods Genome assemblies transcriptome short read archives (SRAs) were used identify neuropeptides determine expression species, tissues castes. Results Discussion Termites seven ilps, i . e gonadulin, an ortholog Drosophila peptide 7 (dilp7), which commonly present insects, four smaller peptides, that collectively been called IGF-related (sirps) individually atirpin, birpin, cirpin brovirpin. Gonadulin lost from higher however amplified brovirpin gene, they often two three paralogs. Based on differential genes it seems likely atirpin autocrine tissue released when faces metabolic stress. Birpin be responsible for absence this reproductive adults or, present, soldiers. Brovirpin expressed both by brain ovary stimulates vitellogenesis, while function less clear.

Язык: Английский

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Hexamerin and allergen are required for female reproduction in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Insect Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 31(1), С. 186 - 200

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2023

Abstract Reproduction is of great importance for the continuation species. In insects, fat body major tissue nutrient storage and involved in vitellogenesis, which essential female reproduction. Here, 2 proteins, hexamerin allergen, were separated from bodies adult American cockroaches ( Periplaneta americana ) identified as encoding 733 amino acids with molecular weight 87.88 kDa 686 82.18 kDa, respectively. The genes these proteins are mainly expressed body. RNA interference‐mediated knockdown Hexamerin Allergen early stage first reproductive cycle females suppressed vitellogenesis ovarian maturation, indicating that controlling Importantly, expression was repressed by juvenile hormone (JH) receptor gene Met primary response Kr‐h1 , induced methoprene, a JH analog, both vivo vitro experiments. Altogether, we have determined allergen play an important role promoting reproduction cockroach. their signaling. Our data reveal novel mechanism necessary JH‐stimulated

Язык: Английский

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Transcriptome analysis reveals salivary gland-specific neuropeptide signaling genes in the predatory stink bug, Picromerus lewisi

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Сен. 29, 2023

Predatory stink bugs derive from phytophagous and evolved enhanced predation skills. Neuropeptides are a diverse class of ancient signaling molecules that regulate physiological processes behavior in animals, including bugs. Neuropeptide evolution might be important for the development because neuropeptides can converted to venoms impact prey. However, information on neuropeptide genes predatory is lacking. In present study, Picromerus lewisi, an bug effective biological agent, were comprehensively identified by transcriptome analysis, with total 59 precursor 58 potential receptor found. addition, several their receptors enriched salivary glands P. lewisi identified. The study subsequent functional research contribute in-depth understanding biology provide basic better pest management strategies, possibly as insecticide targets gland derived venom toxins novel killing moleculars.

Язык: Английский

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Myofilaments promote wing expansion and maintain genitalia morphology in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana

Insect Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(1), С. 46 - 55

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022

Abstract Insects are the most widely distributed and successful animals on planet. A large number of insects capable flight with functional wings. Wing expansion is an important process for to achieve wings after eclosion healthy genital morphology crucial adult reproduction. Myofilaments units that constitute sarcomeres trigger muscle contraction. Here, we identified four myofilament proteins, including Myosin, Paramyosin, Tropomyosin Troponin T, from wing pads nymphs in American cockroach, Periplaneta americana . RNAi‐mediated knockdown Myosin , Paramyosin T early stage final instar caused a severely curly phenotype imaginal moult, especially groups, indicating these proteins involved controlling behaviours during nymph‐adult transition. In addition, resulted abnormal external genitalia, ovulation failure, affected male accessory gland development. Interestingly, expression genes was induced by methoprene, juvenile hormone (JH) analogue, decreased depletion JH receptor gene Met Altogether, have determined play role promoting maintaining genitalia morphology, their signalling. Our data reveal novel mechanism which regulated myofilaments functions morphology.

Язык: Английский

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