Plastics of the Future? The Impact of Biodegradable Polymers on the Environment and on Society

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 58(1), С. 50 - 62

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2018

In recent years the littering of plastics and problems related to their persistence in environment have become a major focus both research news. Biodegradable polymers like poly(lactic acid) are seen as suitable alternative commodity plastics. However, is basically non-degradable seawater. Similarly, degradation rate other biodegradable also crucially depends on environments they end up in, such soil or marine water, when used biomedical devices. this Minireview, we show that biodegradation tests carried out artificial lack transferability real conditions and, therefore, highlight necessity environmentally authentic relevant field-testing conditions. addition, ecotoxicological implications polymers. We consider social aspects ask how influence consumer behavior municipal waste management. Taken together, study intended contribution towards evaluating potential materials

Язык: Английский

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Chemical recycling to monomer for an ideal, circular polymer economy

Nature Reviews Materials, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 5(7), С. 501 - 516

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Emergence of Nanoplastic in the Environment and Possible Impact on Human Health

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 53(4), С. 1748 - 1765

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2019

On account of environmental concerns, the fate and adverse effects plastics have attracted considerable interest in past few years. Recent studies indicated potential for fragmentation plastic materials into nanoparticles, i.e., "nanoplastics," their possible accumulation environment. Nanoparticles can show markedly different chemical physical properties than bulk material form. Therefore risks hazards to environment need be considered addressed. However, effect nanoplastics (aquatic) has so far been little explored. In this review, we aim provide an overview literature on emerging topic, with emphasis reported impacts human health, including challenges involved detecting a biological We first discuss sources fates then describe entry routes these particles body, as well uptake mechanisms at cellular level. Since humans not yet extensively studied, focus demonstrating cell responses induced by polystyrene nanoparticles. particular, influence particle size surface chemistry are discussed, order understand recommendations future studies.

Язык: Английский

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Composites from renewable and sustainable resources: Challenges and innovations

Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 362(6414), С. 536 - 542

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2018

Interest in constructing composite materials from biosourced, recycled materials; waste resources; and their combinations is growing. Biocomposites have attracted the attention of automakers for design lightweight parts. Hybrid biocomposites made petrochemical-based bioresourced led to technological advances manufacturing. Greener plant-derived fiber crop-derived plastics with higher biobased content are continuously being developed. Biodegradable composites shown potential major uses sustainable packaging. Recycled plastic originally destined landfills can be redirected repurposed blending applications, thus leading reduced dependence on virgin petro-based materials. Studies compatibility other components structure improved interface better mechanical performance pose scientific challenges. This research holds promise advancing a key global sustainability goal.

Язык: Английский

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Catalysis as an Enabling Science for Sustainable Polymers

Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 118(2), С. 839 - 885

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2017

The replacement of current petroleum-based plastics with sustainable alternatives is a crucial but formidable challenge for the modern society. Catalysis presents an enabling tool to facilitate development polymers. This review provides system-level analysis polymers and outlines key criteria respect feedstocks are derived from, manner in which generated, end-of-use options. Specifically, we define as class materials that from renewable exhibit closed-loop life cycles. Among potential candidates, aliphatic polyesters polycarbonates promising due their resources excellent biodegradability. monomers, versatile synthetic routes convert these monomers polycarbonate, different options critically reviewed, focus on recent advances catalytic transformations lower technological barriers developing more replacements plastics.

Язык: Английский

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Critical advances and future opportunities in upcycling commodity polymers

Nature, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 603(7903), С. 803 - 814

Опубликована: Март 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Chemically recyclable polymers: a circular economy approach to sustainability

Green Chemistry, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 19(16), С. 3692 - 3706

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2017

Developing recyclable polymers provides a solution to materials' end-of-life issues and also an approach establish circular materials economy.

Язык: Английский

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Adaptable Crosslinks in Polymeric Materials: Resolving the Intersection of Thermoplastics and Thermosets

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 141(41), С. 16181 - 16196

Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2019

The classical division of polymeric materials into thermoplastics and thermosets based on covalent network structure often implies that these categories are distinct irreconcilable. Yet, the past two decades have seen extensive development bridge this gap through incorporation dynamic crosslinks, enabling them to behave as both robust networks moldable plastics. Although their potential utility is significant, growth adaptable (CANs) has obscured line between "thermoplastic" "thermoset" erected a conceptual barrier growing number new researchers entering discipline. This Perspective aims outline fundamental theory CANs provide critical assessment current status. We emphasize throughout unique properties emerge from chemistry, particularly highlight role crosslink exchange mechanism (i.e., dissociative or associative exchange) plays in resultant material under processing conditions. Predominant focus will be thermally induced behavior, majority presently employed chemistries rely thermal stimulus, it simple apply bulk materials. Lastly, identify issues address possible solutions for better understanding within field.

Язык: Английский

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A synthetic polymer system with repeatable chemical recyclability

Science, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 360(6387), С. 398 - 403

Опубликована: Апрель 26, 2018

Recycle, recycle, recycle Some polymers, such as polyethylene terephthalate in soft drink bottles, can be depolymerized back to the starting monomers. This makes it possible repolymerize true virgin material for repeated use. Zhu et al. developed a polymer based on five-membered ring cyclic monomer derived from γ-butyrolactone that could produced at ambient temperature and mild conditions (see Perspective by Sardon Dove). The high-molecular-weight exhibited high crystallinity thermal stability. However, hot enough conditions, or lower temperatures presence of zinc chloride catalyst, returned its monomers thus recycled into new material. Science , this issue p. 398 ; see also 380

Язык: Английский

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Closed-loop recycling of plastics enabled by dynamic covalent diketoenamine bonds

Nature Chemistry, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(5), С. 442 - 448

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2019

Язык: Английский

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