Immunogenicity of Extracellular Vesicles

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(33)

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising next-generation therapeutics and drug delivery systems due to demonstrated safety efficacy in preclinical models early-stage clinical trials. There is an urgent need address the immunogenicity of EVs (beyond apparent lack immunotoxicity) advance development. To date, few studies have assessed unintended immunological recognition EVs. An in-depth understanding EV-induced clearance necessary develop effective therapeutic strategies, including approaches mitigate when undesired. This article summarizes various factors involved potential strategies reduce for improved benefit.

Язык: Английский

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Insight into the Functional Dynamics and Challenges of Exosomes in Pharmaceutical Innovation and Precision Medicine

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(6), С. 709 - 709

Опубликована: Май 24, 2024

Of all the numerous nanosized extracellular vesicles released by a cell, endosomal-originated exosomes are increasingly recognized as potential therapeutics, owing to their inherent stability, low immunogenicity, and targeted delivery capabilities. This review critically evaluates transformative of exosome-based modalities across pharmaceutical precision medicine landscapes. Because precise biomolecular cargo delivery, posited ideal candidates in drug enhancing regenerative strategies, advancing diagnostic technologies. Despite significant market growth projections exosome therapy, its utilization is encumbered substantial scientific regulatory challenges. These include lack universally accepted protocols for isolation complexities associated with navigating environment, particularly guidelines set forth U.S. Food Drug Administration (FDA). presents comprehensive overview current research trajectories aimed at addressing these impediments discusses prospective advancements that could substantiate clinical translation exosomal therapies. By providing analysis both capabilities hurdles therapeutic applications, this article aims inform direct future paradigms, thereby fostering integration systems into mainstream practice.

Язык: Английский

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Intercellular crosstalk between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts via exosomes in gastrointestinal tumors

Frontiers in Oncology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Gastrointestinal (GI) tumors are a significant global health threat, with high rates of morbidity and mortality. Exosomes contain various biologically active molecules like nucleic acids, proteins, lipids can serve as messengers for intercellular communication. They play critical roles in the exchange information between tumor cells microenvironment (TME). The TME consists mesenchymal components extracellular matrix (ECM), fibroblasts being most abundant cell type mesenchyme. Cancer-associated (CAFs) derived from normal stem that activated TME. CAFs secrete exosomes to modulate proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, other biological processes tumors. Additionally, manipulate function behavior through direct cell-cell interactions. This review provides summary crosstalk GI exosomes, along potential underlying mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Increasing the biomolecular relevance of cell culture practice

Journal of Biomedical Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 32(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Abstract The biomolecular relevance of medium supplements is a key challenge affecting cell culture practice. composition commonly used differs from that physiological environment, the validity conclusions drawn in vitro studies. This article discusses advantages and disadvantages common supplements, including context-dependent considerations for supplement selection to improve relevance, especially nanomedicine extracellular vesicle research.

Язык: Английский

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Selective In Situ Analysis of Hepatogenic Exosomal microRNAs via Virus‐Mimicking Multifunctional Magnetic Vesicles

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2025

Abstract Drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a common clinical problem with urgent respect to demanding early diagnosis. Exosomal miRNAs are reliable and noninvasive biomarkers for the diagnosis of DILI. However, accurate feasible detection exosomal often hampered by low abundance miRNAs, inefficient exosome separation techniques, requirement RNA extraction from large sample volumes. Here, multifunctional magnetic vesicles constructed loading multiple signal amplification system nanoparticles into virus‐mimicking engineered achieve in situ analysis hepatogenic which do not require miRNA or target amplification. Virus‐mimicking carrying surface proteins hepatitis B virus designed specific identity fusion exosomes, assembled catalytic hairpin assembly technology CRISPR/Cas13a can highly sensitive exosomes limit (LOD) 1.25 × 10 2 particles·µL −1 . This novel nanoplatforms open promising avenue

Язык: Английский

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Exploring Breast Cancer-Related Biochemical Changes in Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Using Raman Spectroscopy

Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 278, С. 117287 - 117287

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Leveraging engineered yeast small extracellular vesicles serve as multifunctional platforms for effectively loading methyl salicylate through the “esterase-responsive active loading” strategy

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 114696 - 114696

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Nanosized Membrane Fusion-Triggered Three-Dimensional DNA Walker for Subtype-Specific Analysis of Breast Cancer Extracellular Vesicles

Nano Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 24, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are highly attractive in cancer diagnosis, owing to their ability reflect the molecular characteristics of source cells. Herein, we engineer a DNA-equipped liposome nanoprobe for developing nanosized membrane fusion-triggered three-dimensional (3D) DNA walker analysis breast EVs. Specifically, nanoprobes efficiently fuse with target EVs by recognizing surface-expressed epidermal growth factor receptors, thereby creating 3D tracks walker. Subsequently, walking probes targeting human receptor-2 (HER-2) were recruited onto fused manipulate walker, eventually generating considerable electrochemical signals. Results reveal good linearity between output and EV concentration also prove differentiate HER-2-positive patients monitor disease progression. Taken together, this work presents an effective approach early subtype-specific diagnosis cancer.

Язык: Английский

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Nanomaterials: leading immunogenic cell death-based cancer therapies

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024

The field of oncology has transformed in recent years, with treatments shifting from traditional surgical resection and radiation therapy to more diverse customized approaches, one which is immunotherapy. ICD (immunogenic cell death) belongs a class regulatory death modalities that reactivate the immune response by facilitating interaction between apoptotic cells releasing specific signaling molecules, DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns). inducers can elevate expression proteins optimize TME (tumor microenvironment). use nanotechnology shown its unique potential. Nanomaterials, due their tunability, targeting, biocompatibility, have become powerful tools for drug delivery, immunomodulators, etc., significant efficacy clinical trials. In particular, these nanomaterials effectively activate ICD, trigger potent anti-tumor response, maintain long-term tumor suppression. Different types nanomaterials, such as biological membrane-modified nanoparticles, self-assembled nanostructures, metallic mesoporous materials, hydrogels, play respective roles induction structures mechanisms action. Therefore, this review will explore latest advances application common discuss how they provide new strategies cancer therapy. By gaining deeper understanding mechanism action researchers develop precise effective therapeutic approaches improve prognosis quality life patients. Moreover, hold promise overcome resistance conventional therapies, minimize side effects, lead personalized treatment regimens, ultimately benefiting treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Therapeutic and pharmacological applications of extracellular vesicles and lipoproteins

British Journal of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 181(23), С. 4733 - 4749

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2024

Abstract In recent years, various approaches have been undertaken to eliminate lipoproteins co‐isolated with extracellular vesicles, as they were initially regarded contaminating entities. However, novel discoveries are reshaping our perspective. body fluids, these distinct particles not only co‐exist, but also interactions between them likely occur. Extracellular vesicles and can associate each other, share cargo, influence other's functions, jointly a role in the pathomechanisms of diseases. Additionally, their association carries important implications for therapeutic pharmacological aspects lipid‐lowering strategies. lipoprotein may roles elimination other from circulation. The objective this minireview is delve into aspects. Here, we show that under certain physiological pathological conditions, ‘partners’ rather than ‘strangers’ or ‘rivals’.

Язык: Английский

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