Thermally Stable and Insensitive Energetic Cocrystals Comprising Nitrobarbituric Acid Coformers

Crystal Growth & Design, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(4), С. 2826 - 2836

Опубликована: Март 13, 2023

Four novel energetic cocrystals of 5-nitropyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione/nitro barbituric acid (NBA) with coformers 1H-tetrazol-5-amine (AmTz), 5-(4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine (NPTA), 1,3-diaminoguanidinehydrochloride (DAG), and 7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole-3,6,7-triamine (TATOT) were synthesized for the first time confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Three cocrystals, NBA:AmTz, NBA:NPTA, NBA:DAG, obtained in a stoichiometry 1:1, while NBA:TATOT was 1:2 stoichiometry. All presented molecules from commercially available inexpensive starting materials one or two steps. possess high densities (1.71–1.80 g cm–3), excellent thermal stability (222–310 °C), low impact friction sensitivity (>40 J >360 N), which suggest that they are better replacement TNT as core explosive close to RDX HMX formulating material. The strong stabilizing hydrogen bonding vdW interactions preserved among all components cocrystals. These also play significant role cocrystal formation. combine AmTz, NPTA, DAG, TATOT performance NBA into homogeneous

Язык: Английский

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Highly Dense N–N-Bridged Dinitramino Bistriazole-Based 3D Metal–Organic Frameworks with Balanced Outstanding Energetic Performance

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

Due to the inherent conflict between energy and safety, construction of energetic materials or metal–organic frameworks (E-MOFs) with balanced thermal stability, sensitivity, high detonation performance is challenging for chemists worldwide. In this regard, in recent times self-assembly ligands (high nitrogen- oxygen-containing small molecules) alkali metals were probed as a promising strategy build high-energy excellent density, insensitivity, performance. Herein, based on nitrogen-rich N,N′-([4,4′-bi(1,2,4-triazole)]-3,3′-dial)dinitramide (H2BDNBT) ligand, two new environmentally benign E-MOFs including potassium [K2BDNBT]n (K-MOF) sodium [Na2BDNBT]n (Na-MOF) have been introduced characterized by NMR, IR, TGA-DSC, ICP-MS, PXRD, elemental analyses, SCXRD. Interestingly, Na-MOF K-MOF demonstrate solvent-free 3D dense having crystal densities 2.16 2.14 g cm–3, respectively. Both show velocity (VOD) 8557–9724 m/s, pressure (DP) 30.41–36.97 GPa, positive heat formation 122.52–242.25 kJ mol–1, insensitivity mechanical stimuli such impact friction (IS = 30–40 J, FS > 360 N). Among them, has (9724 m/s) superior that conventional explosives. Additionally, both are highly heat-resistant, higher decomposition (319 °C 293 Na-MOF) than traditional explosives RDX (210 °C), HMX (279 CL-20 (221 °C). This stability ascribed extensive structure strong covalent interactions BDNBT2– K(I)/Na(I) ions. To best our knowledge, first time, we report dinitramino-based stable secondary explosives, may serve next-generation high-energy-density material replacement presently used thermally RDX, HNS, HMX, CL-20.

Язык: Английский

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Energetic coordination compounds: self-assembled from the nitrogen-rich energetic C–C bonded pyrazoles and triazoles

Dalton Transactions, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 52(35), С. 12271 - 12281

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

In energetic materials research, coordination compounds (ECCs) have received much attention due to their high thermal stability and insensitivity mechanical stimuli. The characteristics of ECCs can be modified by combining various metal cations, potent anions, ligands. this study, we synthesized two ligands, 5-(4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine (NPTA) (Z)-N-(5-(4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylidene)nitramide (NPTN), from a commercially viable starting material reacted them with nitrate salts 3d metals (e.g., Ni, Co, Zn) obtain six new ECCs, [Ni(NPTA)(H2O)3]2·2NO3 (1), [Co(NPTA)(H2O)3]2·2NO3 (2), [Zn(NPTA)(H2O)3]2·2NO3 (3), [Ni(NPTN)(H2O)3]2 (4), [Co(NPTN)(H2O)3]2 (5), [Zn(NPTN)(H2O)3]2 (6) under ambient conditions. All the newly prepared were characterised through PXRD, IR, SEM, TGA-DSC analysis. Furthermore, single crystal analysis proved that 1-6 are dimeric complexes. Moreover, show excellent density ranges 1.94 2.06 g cm-3 remarkable (216-352 °C), highly insensitive towards impact (>40 J) friction (>360 N), describing potential as performing materials. revealed good enthalpy combustion (-6.3 -9.94 kJ g-1). Additionally, Hirshfeld surface 2D fingerprint used understand close contact atoms within molecules. High densities, stabilities low sensitivities make interesting for further studies applications safe high-energy dense

Язык: Английский

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Elaborating NH-Bridged Nitrogen-Rich Energetic Materials via Base-Mediated Dimroth Rearrangement: Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance Study

The Journal of Organic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 89(11), С. 8192 - 8200

Опубликована: Май 23, 2024

The pursuit of heat-resistant energetic materials featuring high thermostability and energy has gained keen interest in recent years owing to their use coal mining aerospace domains. In this study, we synthesized 4-((4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) amino)-1

Язык: Английский

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Facile synthesis of thermally stable tetrazolo[1,5-b][1,2,4]triazine substituted energetic materials: synthesis and characterization

Dalton Transactions, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 52(3), С. 747 - 753

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2022

Various thermally stable energetic materials with high nitrogen content, low sensitivity and better detonation performance were synthesized. The versatile functionalization of 1,2,4-triazine involving the introduction oxadiazole tetrazole is discussed. All compounds fully characterized using IR, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, high-resolution mass spectrometry. Compounds 2, 3, 9 12 further verified single-crystal X-ray analysis. Compound can be considered a melt-cast explosive due to its lower onset melting temperature (112 °C). velocity, pressure, density, heat formation all synthesized range between 7056 8212 m s-1, 17.57 23.78 GPa, 1.70 1.81 g cm-1, 43 644 kJ mol-1, respectively. Due percentage (53 >72%), these molecules used in car airbag applications. thermal stability (>220 °C) sensitivity, potentially as high-performing secondary materials.

Язык: Английский

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Synthesis, characterization and thermal decomposition mechanism of new 5-amino-3-hydrazinyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-based energetic materials

Thermochimica Acta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 733, С. 179703 - 179703

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the Explosive Potential: Synthesis and Characterization of Ring-Fused Oxadiazolo[3,4-b]pyrazine 1-Oxide Polymorphs with Balanced Energetic Properties

Organic Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(28), С. 6006 - 6011

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

A novel fused-ring compound, 5-azido-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-

Язык: Английский

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Thermal Hazard Assessment of the Synthesis of 1,1′-Azobis-1,2,3-triazole

Organic Process Research & Development, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Preparation of Novel High-Performing Energetic Salts via Precise Tuning of Acidity

Crystal Growth & Design, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Bistetrazoles Featuring Ultra Thermal Stability

Organic Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 28, 2025

As the global demand for mining resources continues to rise and as advances in aerospace exploration accelerate, need high-performance energetic materials capable of withstanding extreme conditions has become increasingly critical. This study focuses on rational design synthesis a series molecules incorporating bistetrazole chiral diol functional groups. The inclusion units enhances performance stability these compounds, while groups contribute their structural integrity.

Язык: Английский

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