Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
This
review
gives
an
overview
of
the
C–H
functionalisation
azoles
via
Minisci-type
reactions,
highlighting
recent
progress,
existing
limitations
and
potential
areas
for
growth.
Organic Chemistry Frontiers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(18), С. 5278 - 5305
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
This
review
summarizes
the
latest
methodological
advances
in
photocatalytic
C(sp
3
)–H
functionalization,
with
a
particular
emphasis
on
formation
of
C–P,
C–B,
C–S
bonds,
etc
.,
and
some
prominent
efforts
asymmetric
C–H
functionalization.
Nature Synthesis,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(5), С. 568 - 575
Опубликована: Май 2, 2024
Photoinduced
C(sp3)–H
functionalization
through
hydrogen
atom
transfer
(HAT)
processes
is
pivotal
in
organic
synthesis
because
of
the
mild
reaction
conditions
and
applicability
to
late-stage
complex
molecules,
such
as
pharmaceuticals
agrochemicals.
Despite
promise,
achieving
precise
site-selectivity
overcoming
high
bond
dissociation
energy
(BDE)
unactivated
aliphatic
C–H
bonds
photoinduced
reactions,
HAT,
are
challenging.
In
this
landscape,
pyridine
N-oxides
have
emerged
potent
HAT
reagents
due
their
easily
tunable
nature.
This
Perspective
highlights
studies
showcasing
potential
site-selective
abstraction
from
explores
structure–activity
relationship
with
multiple
hydrocarbon
substrates.
Pyridine
become
promising
environmentally
friendly
owing
cost-effectiveness,
tunability
(heterogeneous)
catalysis.
Ongoing
research
on
use
will
probably
offer
additional
avenues
for
efficient
selective
functionalization.
processes,
a
useful
tool
synthesis,
but
challenges
remain.
showcases
highlighting
how
they
can
be
readily
tuned
achieve
site-selectivity.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 15, 2025
Regioselective
carbohydroxylation
and
aminohydroxylation
of
α-olefins
were
developed
by
a
photoredox
catalyst
pyridine
N-oxide.
This
approach
offers
the
catalytic
direct
conversion
unactivated
alkenes
to
series
primary
alcohols,
including
those
bearing
β-quaternary
carbon
centers
β-amino
alcohols.
The
regioselective
difunctionalization
is
enabled
radical
addition
α-olefin
from
N-oxy
radical,
which
generated
readily
available
N-oxide
via
catalyzed
single-electron
oxidation.
A
combination
experimental
computational
mechanistic
studies
was
employed
lend
support
for
proposed
reaction
mechanism
that
proceeds
interwoven
steps
polar
substitution.
implications
this
method
further
demonstrated
examples
carboetherification,
carboesterification,
lactone
formation.
Journal of the American Chemical Society,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
147(6), С. 4736 - 4742
Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025
The
preparation
of
alcohols
with
anti-Markovnikov
selectivity
directly
from
olefins
and
water
is
a
sought-after
reaction
due
to
its
atom-economy
potential
cost-effectiveness.
Herein,
we
present
the
first
general
method
for
direct,
catalytic
hydration
unconjugated
tri-
disubstituted
olefins.
key
advancement
made
possible
by
an
oxidative
(E*red
=
2.15
V)
N-H
acridinium
catalyst,
which
allowed
functionalization
alkenes
that
were
previously
unreactive
in
such
transformations
their
high
oxidation
potential.
developed
protocol
not
limited
but
also
enables
other
hydrofunctionalizations,
as
hydroetherifications,
following
same
mechanistic
pathway.
Green Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
26(8), С. 4742 - 4748
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
This
study
introduces
a
novel,
eco-friendly
method
for
Minisci
alkylation
without
harmful
catalysts,
advancing
sustainable
pharmaceutical
synthesis
through
energy
transfer
from
heteroarenes
to
peroxide,
offering
significant
environmental
benefits.
The
functionalization
of
challenging
unactivated
C(sp3)-H
bonds
was
achieved
electrocatalytically
via
hydrogen
atom
transfer
and
without
mediators.
This
possible
through
the
sole
activation
surface
Glassy
Carbon
Electrode
in
an
electrochemical
fashion
using
a
phosphate
buffer.
produced
oxygenated
functional
groups
on
surface,
capable
abstracting
these
atoms
from
alkanes.
Minisci
Ritter-type
reactions
were
this
procedure.
Extensive
characterization
AGCE
preliminary
mechanistic
studies
allow
us
to
propose
plausible
reaction
mechanisms.
Furthermore,
regular
battery
can
be
used
within
protocol
achieve
desired
substituted
alkanes
under
inexpensive
user-friendly
conditions.
Abstract
The
Minisci
reaction,
which
has
been
around
for
more
than
five
decades,
is
still
the
preferred
tool
straightforward
alkylation
of
basic
heteroarenes.
recent
developments
in
photocatalysis
have
opened
novel
pathways
radical
generation
under
milder
and
sustainable
conditions.
Implementing
this
approach
into
reaction
renewed
interest
transformation,
attractive
per
se
Medicinal
Chemistry.
Aspects
such
as
sacrificial
oxidants,
catalysts,
specific
conditions
should
be
carefully
examined
to
evaluate
practicability
protocol.
This
short
review
focuses
on
advances
(2020
February
2024)
photoinduced
Minisci-type
reactions,
emphasizing
sustainability.
1
Introduction
2
Using
Noble-Metal-Based
Photocatalysts
3
Noble-Metal-Free
Methods
Sacrificial
Oxidants
4
Without
5
Conclusions
Perspectives