Navigating micro- and nano-motors/swimmers with machine learning: Challenges and future directions
ChemPhysMater,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(3), С. 273 - 283
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024
Micro-/nano-motors
(MNMs)
or
swimmers
are
minuscule
machines
that
can
convert
various
forms
of
energy,
such
as
chemical,
electrical,
magnetic
into
motion.
These
devices
have
attracted
significant
attention
owing
to
their
potential
application
in
a
wide
range
fields
drug
delivery,
sensing,
and
microfabrication.
However,
diverse
shapes,
sizes,
structural/chemical
compositions,
the
development
MNMs
faces
several
challenges,
understanding
structure-function
relationships,
which
is
crucial
for
achieving
precise
control
over
motion
within
complex
environments.
In
recent
years,
machine
learning
techniques
shown
promise
addressing
these
challenges
improving
performance
MNMs.
Machine
analyze
large
amounts
data,
learn
from
patterns,
make
predictions,
thereby
enabling
navigate
environments,
avoid
obstacles,
perform
tasks
with
higher
efficiency
reliability.
This
review
introduces
current
state-of-the-art
MNM
research,
particular
focus
on
employing
understand
manipulate
navigation
locomotion
Finally,
we
discuss
opportunities
this
field
suggest
future
research
directions.
Язык: Английский
Low-Energy Photoresponsive Magnetic-Assisted Cleaning Microrobots for Removal of Microplastics in Water Environments
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(45), С. 61899 - 61909
Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2024
In
the
global
ecosystem,
microplastic
pollution
pervades
extensively,
exerting
profound
and
detrimental
effects
on
marine
life
human
well-being.
However,
conventional
removal
methods
are
usually
limited
to
chemical
flocculation
physical
filtration
but
insufficient
remove
extremely
small
microplastics.
Therefore,
developing
a
comprehensive
strategy
address
threat
posed
by
microplastics
is
imperative.
Here,
we
report
low-energy
photoresponsive
magnetic-assisted
cleaning
microrobot
(LMCM)
composed
of
photocatalytic
material
(Ag@Bi2WO6)
magnetic
nanoparticles
(Fe3O4),
which
can
be
used
for
active
from
water
environments.
Due
diffusion
electrophoresis
effect,
microrobots
(LCMs)
formed
spontaneous
assembly
Ag@Bi2WO6,
continuously
adsorb
in
environment.
Particularly,
effective
attraction
distance
LCMs
exceeds
100
μm.
After
assembling
Fe3O4
nanoparticles,
LMCMs
clean
groups
environments
under
control
field.
Utilizing
precision
manipulation
group
control,
demonstrate
remarkable
98%
efficiency
93
s
recovered
directional
This
eco-friendly
energy-efficient
expected
provide
viable
tackle
or
promote
industrial
removal.
Язык: Английский
Marangoni Effect Enabling Autonomously Miniatured Swimmers: Mechanisms, Design Strategy, and Applications
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025
Abstract
Miniature
swimmers
hold
considerable
potential
for
precision
tasks
in
the
confined
environments,
yet
challenges
persist
with
a
simple,
sustained,
and
controllable
actuation
their
large‐scale
applications
real‐world
scenarios.
Marangoni‐propelled
miniature
(MPMSs),
leveraging
surface‐tension‐gradient‐driven
interfacial
flows,
emerg
as
promising
solution
due
to
simple
implementation
scalable
operation.
The
Marangoni
effect,
characterized
by
flow
caused
surface
tension
gradients,
offers
propulsion
mechanism
object
movement
at
liquid
surfaces.
Leveraging
this
MPMSs
have
attracted
great
interest
all
over
world.
In
regard,
review
provides
an
overview
of
latest
advancement
design
application
MPMSs,
highlighting
synergy
various
responsive
materials
structural
engineering
enable
on‐demand
gradients
sustained
MPMSs.
First,
it
systematically
introduces
different
mechanisms
generation
gradient
actuate
these
swimmers.
Subsequently,
elaborately
discusses
preparation
specialized
designs
employed
while
elucidating
correlation
between
swimmer
strategies.
Furthermore,
practical
across
scenarios
are
presented
briefly.
Finally,
remaining
along
possible
solutions
presented.
Язык: Английский
Micro- and Nanomotors: Engineered Tools for Targeted and Efficient Biomedicine
ACS Nano,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025
Over
the
past
two
decades,
nanotechnology
has
made
significant
progress
toward
development
and
applications
of
micromotors
(MMs)
nanomotors
(NMs).
Characterized
by
their
capability
to
self-propel
swim
in
fluids,
they
have
emerged
as
promising
tools
various
fields,
particularly
biomedicine.
This
Review
presents
an
overview
current
state
MMs
NMs,
motion
viscous
media
complex
environments,
interaction
with
biological
barriers,
potential
therapeutical
applications.
We
identify
choice
appropriate
administration
routes
reach
target
location
a
key
aspect
success
NMs
biomedical
Looking
ahead,
we
envision
playing
role
treating
diverse
medical
disorders,
recent
proof-of-concept
vivo
studies
demonstrate
distinct
capabilities
versatility.
However,
addressing
regulatory,
scalability,
biocompatibility,
safety
concerns
remains
imperative
for
successful
translation
into
clinical
trials
industrial-scale
production.
work
provides
guideline
researchers,
guiding
them
through
landscape,
challenges,
prospects
using
biomedicine,
thereby
encouraging
responsible
positioning
future
nanomedicine.
Furthermore,
outline
critical
areas
further
research,
including
on
safety,
methods
overcome
physical
obstacles.
Язык: Английский
Titania–Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite-Based Philadelphia-Positive Leukemia Therapy
ACS Applied Bio Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(7), С. 4352 - 4365
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024
Philadelphia-positive
(Ph+)
leukemia
is
a
type
of
blood
cancer
also
known
as
acute
lymphoblastic
(ALL),
affecting
20–30%
adults
diagnosed
worldwide
and
having
an
engraved
prognosis
compared
to
other
types
leukemia.
The
current
treatment
regimens
mainly
rely
on
tyrosine
kinase
inhibitors
(TKIs)
bone
marrow
transplants.
To
date,
several
generations
TKIs
have
been
developed
due
associated
resistance
frequent
relapse,
with
cardiovascular
system
anomalies
being
the
most
devastating
complication.
Nanotechnology
has
potential
address
these
limitations
by
targeted
drug
delivery
controlled
release
TKIs.
This
study
focused
titanium
dioxide
(TiO2)
graphene
oxide
(GO)
nanocomposite
employment
load
nilotinib
ponatinib
for
therapy
Ph+
cell
line
(K562)
Ba/F3
cells
engineered
express
BCR-ABL
oncogene.
Meanwhile,
after
treatment,
oncogene
expressing
fibroblast
(Rat-1
P185)
were
evaluated
their
colony
formation
ability
under
3D
conditions.
validate
formation,
TiO2–GO
nanocomposites
characterized
scanning
electron
microscope,
DLS,
XRD,
FTIR,
zeta
potential,
EDX,
element
mapping.
TKI-loaded
was
not
inferior
free
drugs
evaluating
effects
viability
assay
(XTT),
apoptosis
induction,
inhibition.
signaling
pathways
mammalian
target
rapamycin
(mTOR),
signal
transducers
activators
transcription
5
(STAT5),
extracellular
signal-regulated
(Erk1/2)
investigated
Western
blot.
These
significantly
downregulated
in
TiO2–GO-treated
groups.
Based
findings
above,
we
can
conclude
that
exhibited
excellent
be
used
future,
subject
further
investigations.
Язык: Английский
Strategies for intravesical drug delivery: From bladder physiological barriers and potential transport mechanisms
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(11), С. 4738 - 4755
Опубликована: Июль 6, 2024
Intravesical
drug
delivery
(IDD),
as
a
noninvasive,
local
pathway
of
administration,
has
great
clinical
significance
for
bladder
diseases,
especially
cancer.
Despite
the
many
advantages
IDD
such
enhanced
focal
exposure
and
avoidance
systemic
adverse
reactions,
effectiveness
is
greatly
challenged
by
physiological
barriers
bladder.
In
this
review,
routes
encountered
in
are
first
discussed,
attention
paid
to
potential
internal/mucosal
retention
absorption-transport
mechanisms
drugs.
On
basis,
avoidance,
overcoming
utilization
"three
barriers"
further
emphasized,
current
design
fabrication
strategies
intravesical
systems
(IDDSs)
described
mainly
from
perspectives
constructing
reservoirs,
enhancing
permeability
targeting,
with
hope
providing
systematic
understanding
inspirations
research
novel
IDDSs
their
treatment
diseases.
Язык: Английский
Self‐Degradable Photoactive Micromotors for Inactivation of Resistant Bacteria
Advanced Optical Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(16)
Опубликована: Март 14, 2024
Abstract
Pathogenic
bacteria
pose
a
significant
threat
to
human
health,
and
their
removal
from
food
water
supplies
is
crucial
in
preventing
the
spread
of
waterborne
foodborne
diseases.
Recently,
silver‐based
photocatalytic
micromotors
have
emerged
as
promising
candidates
for
inactivating
pathogenic
microbes
due
high
antibacterial
activity.
In
this
study,
synthesis
photoactive
Ag
3
PO
4
with
well‐defined
tetrapod‐like
structure
(TAMs)
presented
using
simple
precipitation
method.
These
TAMs
autonomously
move
release
ions/nanoparticles
(NPs)
through
photodegradation
process
when
exposed
light,
which
enhances
antimicrobial
activity
against
Gram‐negative
(
Escherichia
coli
)
Gram‐positive
Staphylococcus
aureus
bacterial
strains.
Interestingly,
different
motion
modes
are
observed
under
manipulated
light
wavelengths
fuels.
Furthermore,
self‐degradation
accelerated
presence
negatively
charged
bacteria,
results
higher
rates
both
E.
Coli
S.
.
The
findings
introduce
new
concept
self‐degradable
based
on
components,
hold
great
potential
use
applications.
This
work
offers
implications
materials
chemistry,
especially
designing
developing
next
generation
light‐driven
agents.
Язык: Английский