Current understanding of the human microbiome

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 24(4), С. 392 - 400

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

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The First Microbial Colonizers of the Human Gut: Composition, Activities, and Health Implications of the Infant Gut Microbiota

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 81(4)

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2017

SUMMARY The human gut microbiota is engaged in multiple interactions affecting host health during the host's entire life span. Microbes colonize neonatal immediately following birth. establishment and interactive development of this early are believed to be (at least partially) driven modulated by specific compounds present milk. It has been shown that certain genomes infant commensals, particular those bifidobacterial species, genetically adapted utilize glycans secretory fluid, thus representing a very intriguing example host-microbe coevolution, where both partners benefit. In recent years, various metagenomic studies have tried dissect composition functionality microbiome explore distribution across different ecological niches biogeography corresponding microbial consortia, including bacteria viruses, healthy ill subjects. Such analyses linked features microbiota/microbiome, such as reduced diversity or aberrant composition, intestinal illnesses infants disease states manifested at later stages life, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic disorders. Thus, growing number reported on how composition/development may affect risk factors related adult conditions. This concept fueled strategies shape based functional food products. review, we describe microbiota, mechanisms drive its consortia molded natural artificial interventions. Finally, discuss relevance key players bifidobacteria, with respect their role disease.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome-wide association studies link dynamic microbial consortia to disease

Nature, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 535(7610), С. 94 - 103

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2016

Язык: Английский

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An insider's perspective: Bacteroides as a window into the microbiome

Nature Microbiology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 2(5)

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Droplet microfluidics for microbiology: techniques, applications and challenges

Lab on a Chip, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 16(12), С. 2168 - 2187

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2016

Droplet microfluidics has rapidly emerged as one of the key technologies opening up new experimental possibilities in microbiology.

Язык: Английский

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Layer‐by‐Layer Encapsulation of Probiotics for Delivery to the Microbiome

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 28(43), С. 9486 - 9490

Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2016

The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome is widely investigated for its role in many diseases. However, technologies designed delivery are lacking. Here, a layer-by-layer (LbL) approach reported probiotic encapsulation to protect probiotics against GI tract insults and improve their adhesion growth on the intestines. These advantages translate significantly enhanced survival of LbL-probiotics vivo. As service our authors readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by authors. Such materials peer reviewed may be re-organized online delivery, but not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from (other than missing files) should addressed Please note: publisher responsible content functionality any Any queries content) directed corresponding author article.

Язык: Английский

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Recent developments in nanotechnology transforming the agricultural sector: a transition replete with opportunities

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 98(3), С. 849 - 864

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2017

The applications and benefits of nanotechnology in the agricultural sector have attracted considerable attention, particularly invention unique nanopesticides nanofertilisers. contemporary developments are acknowledged most significant opportunities awaiting agriculture from recent scientific technical literature addressed. This review discusses significance trends nanomaterial-based sensors available for sustainable management soil, as well role detection protection against plant pathogens, food quality safety. Novel nanosensors been reported primary improving crop practices, quality, packaging methods, thus will change potentially better healthier products. Nanotechnology is well-known to play a effective phytopathogens, nutrient utilisation, controlled release pesticides, fertilisers. Research gaps be overcome fundamental questions addressed fuel active development application nanotechnology. Together, nanoscience, nanoengineering, offer plethora opportunities, proving viable alternative processing sector, by providing novel advanced solutions. © 2017 Society Chemical Industry.

Язык: Английский

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Assessing species biomass contributions in microbial communities via metaproteomics

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 10, 2017

Microbial community structure can be analyzed by quantifying cell numbers or biomass for individual populations. Methods are already available (e.g., fluorescence in situ hybridization, 16-S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing), yet high-throughput methods assessing terms of lacking. Here we present metaproteomics-based microbial using protein abundance as a measure contributions We optimize the accuracy and sensitivity method artificially assembled communities show that it is less prone to some biases found sequencing-based methods. apply from two different environments, mats alkaline soda lakes, saliva multiple individuals. assessment species adds an important dimension analysis structure.

Язык: Английский

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Enteric Micromotor Can Selectively Position and Spontaneously Propel in the Gastrointestinal Tract

ACS Nano, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 10(10), С. 9536 - 9542

Опубликована: Сен. 20, 2016

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, which hosts hundreds of bacteria species, becomes the most exciting organ for emerging microbiome research. Some these GI microbes are hostile and cause a variety diseases. These colonize in different segments tract dependent on local physicochemical biological factors. Therefore, selectively locating therapeutic or imaging agents to specific is significant importance studying gut treating various GI-related Herein, we demonstrate an enteric micromotor system capable precise positioning controllable retention desired tract. motors, consisting magnesium-based tubular micromotors coated with polymer layer, act as robust nanobiotechnology tool site-specific delivery. can deliver payload particular location via dissolution their coating activate propulsion at target site toward localized tissue penetration retention.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome Selection Could Spur Next-Generation Plant Breeding Strategies

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2016, Номер 7

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2016

"No plant is an island too…" Plants, though sessile, have developed a unique strategy to counter biotic and abiotic stresses by symbiotically co-evolving with microorganisms tapping into their genome for this purpose. Soil the bank of microbial diversity from which selectively sources its microbiome suit needs. Besides soil, seeds, carry genetic blueprint plants during trans-generational propagation, are home diverse microbiota that acts as principal source inoculum in crop cultivation. Overall, ensconced both on outside inside assemblage microbiota. Together, genes harbors different tissues, i.e., 'plant microbiome,' form holobiome now considered unit selection: 'the holobiont.' The microbiome' not only helps remain fit but also offers critical variability, hitherto, employed breeding breeders, who traditionally exploited variability host developing high yielding or disease tolerant drought resistant varieties. This fresh knowledge microbiome, particularly rhizosphere, offering plants, opens up new horizons could usher cultivation next-generation crops depending less inorganic inputs, insect pest diseases resilient climatic perturbations. We surmise, ever increasing evidences, symbionts need be co-propagated life-long partners future strategies breeding. In perspective, we propose bottom-up approach co-propagate co-evolved, along target through - (i) reciprocal soil transplantation method, (ii) artificial ecosystem selection method synthetic inocula, (iii) exploration microRNA transfer realizing approach. Our aim, thus, bring closer information accrued advanced nucleotide sequencing bioinformatics conjunction conventional culture-dependent isolation practical application overall agriculture.

Язык: Английский

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