Enhancing Wheat Crop Resilience to Drought Stress through Cellulolytic Microbe-Enriched Cow Dung Vermicompost

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(2), С. 2123 - 2133

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Background: Wheat, an important cereal crop, is commonly cultivated in arid and semiarid areas, therefore, it often experiences water deficit conditions. The consequences of induced stress on wheat can be mitigated through vermicompost amendments. To address drought seedlings, a pot experiment was conducted the wire-house which two contrasting cultivars, Faisalabad-08 (drought-tolerant) Galaxy-13 (drought-sensitive), were exposed to three level conditions: well-watered [D0, 70% field capacity (FC)], moderate (D1, 45% FC), severe (D2, 30% FC). Four rates vermicompost, derived from cow dung enriched with cellulolytic microbes, applied (VT0, control; VT1, 4 t ha–1; VT2, 6 VT3, 8 ha–1) experiment. Data various physiological, biochemical, enzymatic antioxidants recorded. Results: Our results demonstrated that treatments significantly reduced nutrient accumulation, chlorophyll SPAD values, carotenoid content both cultivars where maximum reduction recorded for stress. Nonetheless, application improved these traits, statistically contents, value, total contents observed VT1 under treatments. While lowest untreated replicated pots. Among exhibited greater resistance drought, as evidenced by higher values aforementioned traits compared Galaxy-13. Soil-applied also showed positive influence antioxidant enzyme activities grown well water-scarce Conclusions: findings this study revealed conditions substantially decreased physiological biochemical attributes crop. However, soil-applied particularly at optimum rate, had impact seedlings Moving forward, exploring potential utilizing microbe-enriched stands promising avenue mitigate detrimental effects wheat. Further research direction could offer substantial insights into enhancing resilience productivity

Язык: Английский

---

Mitigation effect of alpha-tocopherol and thermo-priming in Brassica napus L. under induced mercuric chloride stress

BMC Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Abstract Soil pollution with heavy metals has grown to be a big hassle, leading the loss in farming production particularly developing countries like Pakistan, where no proper channel is present for irrigation and extraction of these toxic metals. The study aims ameliorate damages caused by metal ions (Hg-Mercury) on rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) via growth regulator (α-tocopherol 150 mg/L) thermopriming technique at 4 °C 50 maintain plant agronomical physiological characteristics. In pot experiments, we designed total 11 treatments viz.( T0 (control), T1 (Hg4ppm), T2 (Hg8ppm), T3 (Hg4ppm + °C), T4 tocopherol (150 m/L)), T5 T6 mg/L)), T7 (Hg8ppm T8 T9 T10 results revealed that chlorophyll content p < 0.05 antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, malondialdehyde enhanced up maximum level = Hg4ppm (50 under ppm mercuric chloride stress), suggesting high temperature initiate system reduce photosystem damage. However, protein, proline, superoxide dismutase 0.05, carotenoid, soluble sugar, ascorbate peroxidase were increased non-significantly > 0.05) 8 stress (T9 Hg8ppm °C) representing tolerance selected specie synthesizing osmolytes resist oxidation mechanism. Furthermore, reduction % MC (moisture content) easily improved foliar application α-tocopherol mg/L), remarkable increase vigor germination energy. It resulted inhibitory effect only lower concentration (4 ppm) was ameliorated exogenous levels proline activities maintaining seedling development contaminated soil.

Язык: Английский

---

Physiology of gamma-aminobutyric acid treated Capsicum annuum L. (Sweet pepper) under induced drought stress

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(8), С. e0289900 - e0289900

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2023

There is now widespread agreement that global warming the source of climate variability and a danger poses significant challenge for 21st century. Climate crisis has exacerbated water deficit stress restricts plant's growth output by limiting nutrient absorption raising osmotic strains. Worldwide, Sweet pepper among most important vegetable crops due to its medicinal nutritional benefits. Drought negative impacts on sweet (Capsicum annuum L.) production. Although, γ aminobutyric acid (GABA) being an endogenous signaling molecule metabolite high physio-molecular activity in cells could induce tolerance regimes, but little known about influence development when applied exogenously. The current study sought comprehend effects foliar GABA application vegetative development, as well physiological biochemical constituents Capsicum L. A Field experiment was carried out during 2021 growing season (0, 2, 4mM) concentrated solutions were sprayed two genotypes including Scope F1 Mercury, under drought 50% 30% field capacity. Results showed exogenous supplementation significantly improved attributes such as, shoot root length, fresh dry weight, ratio (RSR), relative content (RWC) while decreasing electrolyte leakage (EL). Furthermore, positive effect chlorophyll a, b, a/b total (TCC), carotenoids (CC), soluble protein (SPC), sugars (SSC), proline (TPC), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) observed. at 2mM yielded highest values these variables. In both genotypes, (POD) superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with those antioxidant enzymes treated plants compared non-treated plants. comparison rest treatments, solution had improvement morphological traits, composition. conclusion, can improve productivity regimes. addition, ameliorated levels osmolytes activities involved defense mechanism.

Язык: Английский

---

Seed osmopriming with polyethylene glycol (PEG) enhances seed germination and seedling physiological traits of Coronilla varia L. under water stress

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(5), С. e0303145 - e0303145

Опубликована: Май 10, 2024

Water stress can adversely affect seed germination and plant growth. Seed osmopriming is a pre-sowing treatment in which seeds are soaked osmotic solutions to undergo the first stage of prior radicle protrusion. enhances performance under stressful environmental conditions, making it an effective method improve resistance yield. This study analyzed effect with polyethylene glycol (PEG) on physiological parameters Coronilla varia L. Priming treatments using 10% 30% PEG enhanced percentage, vigor, index, vitality seedling mass reduced time reach 50% (T50). The concentration that led better results was 10%. content soluble proteins (SP), proline (Pro), sugars (SS), malondialdehyde (MDA) seedlings increased severity water stress. In addition, stress, electrolyte leakage rose, peroxidase (POD) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities intensified, while catalase (CAT) activity at mild-to-moderate but declined more severe deficiency. priming significantly improved (T50) Across gradient here tested (8 12% PEG), SP content, Pro SOD compared unprimed treatments. Under PEG-induced primed displayed lower MDA than their counterparts exhibited higher CAT POD activities. However, differences leakage, activity, between were not significant. These findings suggest regulation antioxidant capacity seedlings, facilitating growth alleviating drought damage, albeit efficacy

Язык: Английский

---

High night temperature stress on rice (Oryza sativa) – insights from phenomics to physiology. A review

Functional Plant Biology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 51(6)

Опубликована: Май 30, 2024

Rice (Oryza sativa ) faces challenges to yield and quality due urbanisation, deforestation climate change, which has exacerbated high night temperature (HNT). This review explores the impacts of HNT on physiological, molecular agronomic aspects rice growth. Rise in minimum threatens a potential 41% reduction by 2100. disrupts growth stages, causing reduced seed germination, biomass, spikelet sterility poor grain development. Recent findings indicate 4.4% decline for every 1°C increase beyond 27°C, with japonica ecotypes exhibiting higher sensitivity than indica. We examine relationships between elevated CO2 , nitrogen regimes HNT, showing that complexity balancing positive effects biomass challenges. Nitrogen enrichment proves crucial during vegetative stage but causes disruption reproductive affecting starch synthesis. Additionally, we elucidate impact plant respiration, emphasising mitochondrial photorespiration antioxidant responses. Genomic techniques, including CRISPR-Cas9, offer manipulating genes tolerance. Plant hormones carbohydrate enzymatic activities are explored, revealing their intricate roles fertility, size metabolism under HNT. Gaps understanding genetic factors influencing heat tolerance trade-offs associated hormone applications remain. The importance interdisciplinary collaboration is needed provide holistic approach. Research priorities include study regulatory mechanisms, post-anthesis effects, cumulative exposure interaction variability research direction enhance resilience changing climate.

Язык: Английский

---

Abscisic acid improves drought resilience, growth, physio-biochemical and quality attributes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at critical growth stages

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024

Abstract Wheat is an important staple crop not only in Pakistan but all over the globe. Although area dedicated to wheat cultivation expands annually, quantity of harvested declining due various biotic and abiotic factors. Global production output have suffered as a result drought, which largely driven by lack water environmental Organic fertilizers been shown reduce severity drought. The current research was conducted semi-arid climates mitigate negative effects drought on during its critical tillering (DTS), flowering (DFS), grain filling (DGFS) stages through application three different abscisic acid treatments: ABA 0 (0 mgL −1 ) control, 1 (100 2 (200 ). growth yield characteristics were severely harmed stress across development stages, with DGFS stage being particularly vulnerable leading considerable loss yield. Plant height increased 24.25%, number fertile tillers 25.66%, spike length 17.24%, spikelets per 16.68%, count 11.98%, thousand-grain weight 14.34%, 26.93% biological 14.55% when (ABA) applied instead control treatment. Moreover, more physiological indices (water use efficiency (36.12%), stomatal conductance (44.23%), chlorophyll (24.5%), b (29.8%), transpiration rate (23.03%), photosynthetic (24.84%), electrolyte leakage (− 38.76%) hydrogen peroxide 18.09%) superoxide dismutase (15.3%), catalase (20.8%), peroxidase 18.09%), malondialdehyde 13.7%)) drought-stressed compared other treatments. In case N, P, K contents maximally improved . Through principal component analysis, we able correlate our results scales provide explanation for observed under arid conditions. Overall, at 200 effective technique boost mitigating stress.

Язык: Английский

---

Genetic diversity of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) to mitigate abiotic stress: Drought, heat, and their combination

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(4), С. e0301018 - e0301018

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024

Drought and heat are the main abiotic constraints affecting durum wheat production. This study aimed to screen for tolerance drought, heat, combined stresses in wheat, at juvenile stage under controlled conditions. Five genotypes, including four landraces one improved genotype, were used test their stress. After 15 days of growing, treatments applied as three drought levels (100, 50, 25% field capacity (FC)), stress (24, 30, 35°C), (100% FC 24°C, 50% 30°C 35°C). The screening was performed using a set morpho-physiological, biochemical traits. results showed that tested significantly affect all measured parameters. dry matter content (DM) decreased by 37.1% (35°C), 37.3% severe (25% FC), 53.2% Correlation analyses confirmed aerial part length, content, hydrogen peroxide catalase, Glutathione peroxidase activities could be efficient criteria both stresses. principal component analysis (PCA) only landrace Aouija tolerated studied stresses, while Biskri Hedhba genotypes tolerant same sensitivity Nevertheless, genotype Karim Hmira most affected against minimum growth had more pronounced impact than simple effects. In addition, involves several adjustments morpho-physiological responses, which proportional intensity.

Язык: Английский

---

Evaluation of the ameliorative role of soil amendments and selenium on morphophysiological traits, oxidative stress, and quality attributes of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under varying drought stress conditions

Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100693 - 100693

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---

Biochar and Seed Priming Technique with Gallic Acid: An Approach toward Improving Morpho-Anatomical and Physiological Features of Solanum melongena L. under Induced NaCl and Boron Stresses

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(31), С. 28207 - 28232

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

Dynamic shifts in climatic patterns increase soil salinity and boron levels, which are the major abiotic factors that affect plant growth secondary metabolism. The present study assessed role of regulators, including biochar (5 g kg–1) gallic acid (GA, 2 mM), altering leaf morpho-anatomical physiological responses Solanum melongena L. exposed to (25 mg stresses (150 mM NaCl). These regulators enhanced fresh weight (LFW) (70%), dry (LDW) (20%), area (LA), index (LAI) (85%), moisture content (LMC) (98%), relative water (RWC) (115%) under stresses. Physiological attributes were analyzed determine stress levels antioxidant protection. Photosynthetic pigments negatively affected by along with a nonsignificant reduction trehalose, GA, osmoprotectant, catalase (CAT) ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. parameters improved application presoaking seeds GA (p < 0.05) both varieties S. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) light revealed stomatal regulation, trichome density, epidermal vigor, stomata size (SS) (13 381 μm), (SI) (354 mm2), upper epidermis thickness (UET) (123 lower (LET) (153 cuticle (CT) (11.4 density (TD) (23 per vein islet number (VIN) (14 termination (VTN) (19 midrib (MT) (5546 TD (27.4 mm2) results indicate use inexpensive easily available seed priming can improve oxidative conditions.

Язык: Английский

---

Enhanced Antioxidant Activity and Secondary Metabolite Production in Tartary Buckwheat under Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Induced Drought Stress during Germination

Agronomy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(3), С. 619 - 619

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Drought stress is one of the key factors impeding agricultural productivity worldwide. This experiment aimed at investigating polyethylene glycol (PEG)-induced drought effects on seed germination, physiology, and biochemical mechanisms in Tartary buckwheat genotypes. Four PEG-induced conditions (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) were applied to 14 selected genotypes germination stage evaluate their tolerance capacity. Significant differences obtained percentage, relative water content (RWC), all growth parameters among studied Based index (STI), XiNong 9943, 9940, QianKu-5 found be tolerant, QuanKu-4 was susceptible. These cultivars for further physiological characterization. The results demonstrated that activity enzymes significantly increased with increase PEG dose. SOD (superoxide dismutase), POD (peroxidase), CAT (catalase), APX (ascorbate peroxidase) levels 30% 9943 genotype 2.01, 2.19, 4.92, 4.46 times higher, respectively, than normal condition (T0). Moreover, secondary metabolite also At PEG, yielded phenols, flavonoids, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) higher by 131%, 95%, 154%, 164%, T0 condition. From both findings content, genotypic response ranked following order: > 9940 QianKu-4, which supported STI selection system. Assessing overall performance, shows tolerance, can useful material future breeding programs.

Язык: Английский

---