ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(28), С. 10363 - 10375
Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2024
The
valorization
of
chitinous
biomass
from
underutilized
renewable
carbon
feedstock
offers
alternative
routes
for
bioproduct
development,
reducing
our
dependence
on
nonrenewable
and
nonbiodegradable
materials
composed
fossil
carbon.
This
work
utilizes
crustacean
waste
consisting
inedible
shells
to
isolate
chitin
its
derivatives,
nanocrystals
chitosan,
lobster
(Homarus
gammarus)
spider
crab
(Maja
squinado)
shells.
Chitin
(ChNCs)
with
a
degree
acetylation
>93%
crystallinity
>90%
were
obtained
by
demineralization,
deproteinization
acid-hydrolysis,
while
chitosan
was
deacetylation.
Free-standing
chitosan/ChNCs
films
then
fabricated
after
dissolution
casting
using
1.5%
v/v
formic
acid.
Lobster-derived
exhibited
good
balance
between
UV-shielding
ability,
blocking
>96%
UV-C
UV-B,
being
transparent
at
visible
wavelengths.
Neat
are
semiductile,
elongations
break
>13%
Young's
modulus
values
2.3
±
0.7
3.4
1.2
GPa
crab-derived
respectively.
Besides,
the
incorporation
ChNCs
increases
5.5
0.8
2
wt
%
lobster-derived
films.
Life
cycle
assessment
(LCA)
conducted
quantify
environmental
impact
film
production
identify
process
hotspots
future
optimization.
A
footprint
79.8
kg
CO2
equiv·kg–1
is
chitosan/ChNC
processed
100%
energy
mix.
Results
demonstrate
that
relevant
contenders
toward
defossilization
developing
renewable-carbon
containing
bioproducts
competitive
performance
against
fossil-based
due
their
optical
mechanical
properties,
as
well
potential
biodegradability.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
52(23), С. 8194 - 8244
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Unlike
conventional
recycling
methods
that
focus
on
'extraction',
direct
aims
for
'repair',
which
necessitates
selecting
and
designing
a
strategy
based
the
failure
mechanisms
of
spent
lithium
ion
battery
materials.
Chemical Society Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
53(11), С. 5552 - 5592
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
A
critical
review
of
the
recent
developments
in
recycling
spent
Li-ion
batteries
using
five
major
technologies
(direct
recycling,
pyrometallurgy,
hydrometallurgy,
bioleaching
and
electrometallurgy)
evaluation
their
sustainability.
Journal of Cleaner Production,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
416, С. 137834 - 137834
Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2023
The
global
trend
towards
electromobility
raises
questions
about
the
treatment
of
lithium-ion
batteries
from
battery-electric
vehicles
at
end-of-life
stage.
paper
examines
two
pyrometallurgical
recycling
routes
(a
direct
and
a
multi-step
process)
for
different
battery
cell
compositions
(NMC333/C,
NMC811/C,
LFP/C,
NMCLMO/C)
techno-economic
perspective.
Based
on
lifecycle
inventories
per
process
type,
profitability
these
processes
is
investigated
by
conducting
total
cost
ownership
analysis
typified
plants
pre-industrial
scale.
results
reveal
that
chemistry
will
have
major
impact
recycling.
In
particular,
it
appears
to
be
difficult
operate
profitably
under
current
conditions
low-cobalt
low-nickel
types.
A
sensitivity
shows
levers
their
respective
limitations
increasing
systems.
Next Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3, С. 100032 - 100032
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
The
recycling
of
Lithium-ion
batteries
(LIBs)
waste
is
recognized
as
a
viable
solution
for
alleviating
the
pressure
on
natural
resources
caused
by
increasing
demand
materials
used
in
LIBs
production
and
disposal
these
hazardous
wastes
landfills.
Life
Cycle
Assessment
(LCA)
has
been
widely
employed
to
evaluate
environmental
impacts
associated
with
recycling.
However,
comprehensive
synthesis
lessons
learned
from
assessments,
including
methodological
choices,
findings,
implications,
lacking
literature.
Therefore,
this
study
aims
summarize
available
knowledge
application
LCA
This
uses
systematic
literature
review
method
combination
structured
content
analysis
identify
analyze
64
peer-reviewed
studies
key
findings
reveal
significant
variations
potential
impact
results
divergent
regarding
preference
among
processes
(hydrometallurgical,
pyrometallurgical,
direct
recycling,
bioleaching).
These
discrepancies
arise
different
assumptions
choices
LCA,
system
boundaries,
inputs,
inclusion
or
exclusion
specific
stages,
unit
process
flows,
use
avoided
products,
functional
units,
assessment
methods,
secondary
data
due
lack
primary
data,
especially
an
industrial
scale.
While
Climate
Change
category
receives
considerable
attention,
other
categories
are
often
neglected,
making
it
challenging
establish
particular
technology.
For
bioleaching
technologies
assessments
all
categories.
Electricity
consumption
chemical
inputs
identified
hotspots
options.
To
enhance
sustainability
additional
that
focus
collecting
particularly
collection,
pretreatment,
final
stages
recommended.
improve
transparency
reproducibility
future
studies,
article
provides
recommendations
research
agenda
conducting
field
Journal of Cleaner Production,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
384, С. 135510 - 135510
Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2022
Battery
storage
systems
have
become
an
important
pillar
in
the
transformation
of
energy
and
transportation
sector
over
last
decades.
Lithium-ion
batteries
(LIBs)
are
dominating
technology
this
process
making
them
a
constant
subject
analysis
regarding
their
sustainability.
To
assess
environmental
performance,
several
Life
Cycle
Assessments
(LCA)
LIBs
been
performed
years.
Yet,
amount
available
primary
data
on
production
remains
low,
leading
to
recurrent
reliance
few
disclosed
datasets,
mostly
at
industrial
scale.
Thus,
there
is
need
for
new
LCA
studies
different
scales
(lab,
pilot,
industrial)
using
transparent
datasets
facilitate
more
reliable
robust
assessments.
This
work
presents
screening
recent
assessments
aiming
identifying
remaining
gaps
challenges,
deriving
detailed
lab-scale
battery
cell
production.
For
first
time
impact
based
process-oriented
investigated.
The
results
flanked
by
sensitivity
analyses
scenarios
compared
with
literature
values.
hotspots
identified
study,
cathode
slurry,
anode
current
collector,
as
well
demand
dry
room
coating
process,
consistent
literature,
although
absolute
values
order
magnitude
larger.
main
reason
inefficiencies
inherent
In
analyze
effects
scale,
upscaling
pilot
scale
performed.
